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Éxodo 14

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1 Y HABLO Jehová á Moisés, diciendo:

2 Habla á los hijos de Israel que den la vuelta, y asienten su campo delante de Pihahiroth, entre Migdol y la mar hacia Baalzephón: delante de él asentaréis el campo, junto á la mar.

3 Porque Faraón dirá de los hijos de Israel: Encerrados están en la tierra, el desierto los ha encerrado.

4 Y yo endureceré el corazón de Faraón para que los siga; y seré glorificado en Faraón y en todo su ejército; y sabrán los Egipcios que yo soy Jehová. Y ellos lo hicieron así.

5 Y fué dado aviso al rey de Egipto cómo el pueblo se huía: y el corazón de Faraón y de sus siervos se volvió contra el pueblo, y dijeron: ¿Cómo hemos hecho esto de haber dejado ir á Israel, para que no nos sirva?

6 Y unció su carro, y tomó consigo su pueblo;

7 y tomó seiscientos carros escogidos, y todos los carros de Egipto, y los capitanes sobre ellos.

8 Y endureció Jehová el corazón de Faraón rey de Egipto, y siguió á los hijos de Israel; pero los hijos de Israel habían salido con mano poderosa.

9 Siguiéndolos, pues, los Egipcios, con toda la caballería y carros de Faraón, su gente de á caballo, y todo su ejército, alcanzáronlos asentando el campo junto á la mar, al lado de Pihahiroth, delante de Baalzephón.

10 Y cuando Faraón se hubo acercado, los hijos de Israel alzaron sus ojos, y he aquí los Egipcios que venían tras ellos; por lo que temieron en gran manera, y clamaron los hijos de Israel á Jehová.

11 Y dijeron á Moisés: ¿No había sepulcros en Egipto, que nos has sacado para que muramos en el desierto? ¿Por qué lo has hecho así con nosotros, que nos has sacado de Egipto?

12 ¿No es esto lo que te hablamos en Egipto, diciendo: Déjanos servir á los Egipcios? Que mejor nos fuera servir á los Egipcios, que morir nosotros en el desierto.

13 Y Moisés dijo al pueblo: No temáis; estaos quedos, y ved la salud de Jehová, que él hará hoy con vosotros; porque los Egipcios que hoy habéis visto, nunca más para siempre los veréis.

14 Jehová peleará por vosotros, y vosotros estaréis quedos.

15 Entonces Jehová dijo á Moisés: ¿Por qué clamas á mí? Di á los hijos de Israel que marchen.

16 Y tú alza tu vara, y extiende tu mano sobre la mar, y divídela; y entren los hijos de Israel por medio de la mar en seco.

17 Y yo, he aquí yo endureceré el corazón de los Egipcios, para que los sigan: y yo me glorificaré en Faraón, y en todo su ejército, y en sus carros, y en su caballería;

18 Y sabrán los Egipcios que yo soy Jehová, cuando me glorificaré en Faraón, en sus carros, y en su gente de á caballo.

19 Y el ángel de Dios que iba delante del campo de Israel, se apartó, é iba en pos de ellos; y asimismo la columna de nube que iba delante de ellos, se apartó, y púsose á sus espaldas:

20 E iba entre el campo de los Egipcios y el campo de Israel; y era nube y tinieblas para aquéllos, y alumbraba á Israel de noche: y en toda aquella noche nunca llegaron los unos á los otros.

21 Y extendió Moisés su mano sobre la mar, é hizo Jehová que la mar se retirase por recio viento oriental toda aquella noche; y tornó la mar en seco, y las aguas quedaron divididas.

22 Entonces los hijos de Israel entraron por medio de la mar en seco, teniendo las aguas como muro á su diestra y á su siniestra:

23 Y siguiéndolos los Egipcios, entraron tras ellos hasta el medio de la mar, toda la caballería de Faraón, sus carros, y su gente de á caballo.

24 Y aconteció á la vela de la mañana, que Jehová miró al campo de los Egipcios desde la columna de fuego y nube, y perturbó el campo de los Egipcios.

25 Y quitóles las ruedas de sus carros, y trastornólos gravemente. Entonces los Egipcios dijeron: Huyamos de delante de Israel, porque Jehová pelea por ellos contra los Egipcios.

26 Y Jehová dijo á Moisés: Extiende tu mano sobre la mar, para que las aguas vuelvan sobre los Egipcios, sobre sus carros, y sobre su caballería.

27 Y Moisés extendió su mano sobre la mar, y la mar se volvió en su fuerza cuando amanecía; y los Egipcios iban hacia ella: y Jehová derribó á los Egipcios en medio de la mar.

28 Y volvieron las aguas, y cubrieron los carros y la caballería, y todo el ejército de Faraón que había entrado tras ellos en la mar; no quedó de ellos ni uno.

29 Y los hijos de Israel fueron por medio de la mar en seco, teniendo las aguas por muro á su diestra y á su siniestra.

30 Así salvó Jehová aquel día á Israel de mano de los Egipcios; é Israel vió á los Egipcios muertos á la orilla de la mar.

31 Y vió Israel aquel grande hecho que Jehová ejecutó contra los Egipcios: y el pueblo temió á Jehová, y creyeron á Jehová y á Moisés su siervo.

   

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Arcana Coelestia #8241

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8241.

In Jehovah, and in His servant Moses. That this signifies the Lord as to the Divine good, and as to the Divine truth proceeding from Him and ministering, is evident from the fact that by “Jehovah” in the Word is meant the Lord (see n. 1343, 1736, 2921, 3023, 3035, 5663, 6281, 6303, 6945, 6956); and indeed the Lord as to the Divine good (see n. 2586, 2769, 2807, 2822, 4402, 6905); from the representation of Moses, as being the Divine truth proceeding from Him (see n. 6752, 7010, 7014, 7089, 7382). It is said “the Lord as to the Divine good and as to the Divine truth,” because Divine good is in the Lord, and Divine truth is from the Lord; Divine good is to Divine truth as the fire of the sun is to the light from it; the light not being in the sun, but from the sun. And from the signification of “servant,” as being one who ministers. That he is called a “servant” who is of service, thus who ministers, see n. 7143; and that on this account the Lord as to the Divine Human, when He was in the world, is called in the Word a “servant,” n. 3441; for He then ministered, as He Himself also says: “Whosoever would become great among you must be your minister; and whosoever would be first must be your servant; even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister” (Matthew 20:26-28; Mark 10:43-45).

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia #1343

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1343. That “Eber” was a nation called, from Eber as its father, the Hebrew nation, and that thereby is signified the worship in general of the Second Ancient Church, is evident from those historical parts of the Word wherein it is spoken of. From that nation, because the new worship commenced there, all were called Hebrews who had a similar worship. Their worship was of the kind that was afterwards restored among the descendants of Jacob; and its chief characteristic consisted in their calling their God “Jehovah,” and in their having sacrifices. The Most Ancient Church with unanimity acknowledged the Lord, and called Him Jehovah, as is evident from the first chapters of Genesis, and elsewhere in the Word. The Ancient Church, that is, the church after the flood, also acknowledged the Lord, and called Him Jehovah, especially those who had internal worship, and were called “sons of Shem.” The others, who were in external worship, also acknowledged Jehovah, and worshiped Him. But when internal worship became external, and still more when it became idolatrous, and when each nation began to have its own god whom it worshiped, the Hebrew nation retained the name Jehovah, and called their God Jehovah; and hereby were distinguished from the other nations.

[2] Together with their external worship, the descendants of Jacob in Egypt lost this also-that they called their God Jehovah; nay, Moses himself did so; and therefore they were instructed first of all that Jehovah was the God of the Hebrews, and the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob; as may be seen from these words in Moses:

Jehovah said unto Moses, Thou shalt come in, thou and the elders of Israel, to the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him, Jehovah the God of the Hebrews hath met with us; and now let us go, we pray thee, a three days’ journey into the wilderness, and we will sacrifice to Jehovah our God (Exodus 3:18). Again:

Pharaoh said, Who is Jehovah, that I should hearken unto His voice to let Israel go? I know not Jehovah, and moreover I will not let Israel go. And they said, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us; let us go, we pray thee, a three days’ journey into the wilderness, and we will sacrifice to Jehovah our God (Exodus 5:2-3).

[3] That together with the worship the descendants of Jacob in Egypt lost also the name of Jehovah, may be seen from these words in Moses:

Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the sons of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you, and they shall say to me, What is His name? what shall I say unto them? And God said unto Moses, I AM WHO I AM. And He said, Thus shalt thou say unto the sons of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you. And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the sons of Israel, Jehovah the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you; this is My name to eternity (Exodus 3:13-15).

[4] From these words it is evident that even Moses did not know Jehovah; and that they were distinguished from others by the name of Jehovah the God of the Hebrews. Hence in other places also Jehovah is called the God of the Hebrews:

Thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Jehovah the God of the Hebrews hath sent me unto thee (Exodus 7:16).

Go in unto Pharaoh, and tell him, Thus saith Jehovah the God of the Hebrews (Exodus 9:1, 13).

And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him, Thus saith Jehovah the God of the Hebrews (Exodus 10:3).

And in Jonah:

I am a Hebrew; and I fear Jehovah the God of the heavens (Jonah 1:9).

And also in Samuel:

The Philistines heard the voice of the shouting, and said, What meaneth the voice of this great shouting in the camp of the Hebrews? And they knew that the ark of Jehovah was come into the camp. And the Philistines said, Woe unto us! Who shall deliver us out of the hand of these august gods? These are the gods that smote the Egyptians with all manner of plagues in the wilderness. Be like men, O ye Philistines, that ye be not servants unto the Hebrews (1 Samuel 4:6, 8-9).

Here also it is evident that the nations were distinguished by the gods on whose name they called, and the Hebrew nation by Jehovah.

[5] That the second essential of the worship of the Hebrew nation consisted in sacrifices, is also evident from passages cited above (Exodus 3:18; 5:2-3); as well as from the fact that the Egyptians abominated the Hebrew nation on account of this worship, as is evident from these words in Moses:

Moses said, It is not right so to do, for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to Jehovah our God; lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us? (Exodus 8:26).

For this reason the Egyptians so abominated the Hebrew nation that they would not eat bread with them (Genesis 43:32). It is also evident from all this that the posterity of Jacob was not the only Hebrew nation, but all who had such worship; and therefore in Joseph’s time the land of Canaan was called the land of the Hebrews:

Joseph said, I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews (Genesis 40:15).

[6] That there were sacrifices among the idolaters in the land of Canaan, may be seen from many passages, for they sacrificed to their gods-to the Baals and others; and moreover Balaam, who was from Syria where Eber dwelt and whence the Hebrew nation came, not only offered sacrifices before the descendants of Jacob came into the land of Canaan, but also called Jehovah his God. That Balaam was from Syria, whence came the Hebrew nation, see Numbers 23:7; that he offered sacrifices, Numbers 22:39-40; 23:1-3, 14, 29; that he called Jehovah his God, Numbers 22:18, and throughout the chapter. What is said of Noah (Genesis 8:20), that he offered burnt-offerings to Jehovah, is not true history, but is history so made up, because by burnt-offerings there is signified the holy of worship, as may there be seen. From all this it is now evident what is signified by “Ber,” or by the Hebrew nation.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.