बाइबल

 

Исход 12

पढाई करना

   

1 И сказалъ Іегова Моисею и Аарону въ землј Египетской:

2 мјсяцъ сей да будетъ у васъ началомъ мјсяцевъ: первымъ да будетъ онъ у васъ между мјсяцами года.

3 Скажите всему обществу Израиля: въ десятый день сего мјсяца пусть возмутъ у себя по поколјніямъ агнцевъ, по агнцу на семейство.

4 А у кого семейство такъ мало, что не съјстъ агнца; тотъ пусть возметъ агнца вмјстј съ сосјдомъ своимъ, ближайшимъ къ дому своему, смотря по числу душъ: смотря потому, сколько каждый можетъ съјсть, разчислитесь на агнца.

5 Агнецъ долженъ быть безъ порока, мужескаго пола, однолјтній, возмите его отъ овецъ, или отъ козъ.

6 И пусть хранится онъ у васъ до четырнадцатаго дня сего мјсяца: тогда пусть заколетъ его все собраніе общества Израильскаго вечеромъ.

7 И пусть возмутъ крови его и помажутъ ею на обоихъ косякахъ и на перекладј дверей въ домахъ, гдј будутъ јсть его.

8 Пусть съјдятъ мясо его въ сію самую ночь, испекши на огнј, съ прјснымъ хлјбомъ и съ горъкіми травами пусть съјдятъ его.

9 Не јшьте его недопеченаго, или сваренаго въ водј, но испеченнаго на огнј, съ головою, голенями и внутренностями.

10 Не оставляйте отъ него до утра, но оставшееся отъ него къ утру, сожгите на огнј.

11 Јшьте же его такъ: пустъ будутъ поясы на чреслахъ вашихъ, и посохи въ рукахъ вашихъ, и јшъте его съ поспјшностію; это Пасха Іеговы.

12 А Я въ сію самую ночь пройду по землј Египетской, и поражу всякаго первенца въ землј Египетской, отъ человјка до скота, и надъ всјми богами Египетскими произведу судъ. Я Іегова.

13 И будетъ у васъ кровь знаменіемъ на домахъ, гдј вы будете, и увижу кровь и пройду мимо васъ, и не будетъ между вами язвы губительной, когда буду поражать землю Египетскую.

14 И да будетъ вамъ день сей памятенъ и празднуйте его, какъ праздникъ Іеговы, въ грядущіе роды ваши; празднуйте его, какъ установлепіе вјчное.

15 Семь дней јшьте прјсный хлјбъ; съ самаго перваго дня уничтожьте квасное въ домахъ вашихъ; ибо кто будетъ јсть кислое съ перваго дня до седьмаго дня, душа та истреблена будетъ изъ среды Израильтянъ.

16 Въ первый день да будетъ у васъ священное собраніе: и въ седьмый день священное собраніе: никакого дјла не должно дјлать въ оные; только что јсть каждому, одно то дјлайте.

17 Наблюдайте день опрјсноковъ; ибо въ сей самый день Я вывелъ воинство ваше изъ земли Египетской: наблюдайте день сей въ роды ваши, это установленіе вјчное.

18 Съ четырнадцатаго дня перваго мјсяца, съ вечера јшьте прјсный хлјбъ до вечера двадцать перваго дня того же мјсяца.

19 Семь дней не должно быть квасное въ домахъ вашихъ; ибо кто будетъ јсть кислое, душа та истреблена будетъ изъ общества Израилева, пришлецъ ли то, или природный житель земли той.

20 Ничего кислаго не јшьте; во всякомъ мјстопребываніи вашемъ јшьте прјсный хлјбъ.

21 И созвалъ Моисей всјхъ старјйшинъ Израилевыхъ, и сказалъ имъ: выберите и возмите себј агнцевъ по племенамъ вашимъ и заколите пасху.

22 И возмите пучекъ иссопа, и обмочите въ кровь, которая должна бытъ въ сосудј, и помажьте перекладъ и оба косяка дверей кровію, которая въ сосудј; а вы никто не выходите за двери дома своего до утра.

23 И пойдетъ Іегова поражать Египетъ, и увидитъ кровь на перекладј и на обоихъ косякахъ дверей, и пройдетъ Іегова мимо дверей и не попуститъ губителю войдти въ домы ваши, для пораженія.

24 Храните сіе, какъ законъ для тебя и для сыновъ твоихъ на вјки.

25 Когда войдете въ землю, которую Іегова дастъ вамъ, какъ Онъ говорилъ, соблюдайте сіе служеніе.

26 И когда спросятъ у васъ дјти ваши: что это за служеніе у васъ?

27 Скажите: это пасхальная жертва Іеговј, Который прошелъ мимо домовъ сыновъ Израилевыхъ въ Египтј, когда поражалъ Египтянъ; и домы наши избавилъ. Народъ палъ и поклонился.

28 И пошли сыны Израилевы и сдјлали такъ; какъ повелјлъ Іегова Моисею и Аарону, такъ и сдјлали.

29 Въ полночь Іегова поразилъ всјхъ первенцевъ въ землј Египетской, отъ первенца Фараона, который сидјлъ на престолј своемъ, до первенца узника, находившагося въ темницј, и все первородное изъ скота.

30 И всталъ Фараонъ ночью самъ и всј рабы его, и весь Египетъ; и сдјлался великій вопль въ Египтј: ибо не было дома, гдј бы не было мертвеца.

31 И призвалъ Фараонъ Моисея и Аарона ночью, и сказалъ: встаньте, выдьте изъ среды народа моего, какъ вы, такъ и сыны Израилевы, и подите, совершите служеніе Іеговј, какъ вы говорили;

32 возмите и мелкой и крупной скотъ вашъ, какъ вы говорили, и подите: благословите также и меня.

33 И понуждали Египтяне народъ, чтобы скорје выслать ихъ изъ земли; ибо говорили они: мы всј помремъ.

34 И понесъ народъ тјсто свое, прежде нежели оно вскисло, квашни ихъ, завязанныя въ одеждахъ ихъ, были на плечахъ ихъ.

35 И сдјлали сыны Израилевы по слову Моисея, и выпросили у Египтянъ вещей серебряныхъ и вещей золотыхъ и одеждъ.

36 Іегова далъ благодать народу въ очахъ Египтянъ. Они склонились на просьбы, и Израилътяне обобрали Египтянъ.

37 И отправились сыны Израилевы изъ Раамсеса въ Сокхоѕъ, до шести сотъ тысячъ человјкъ пјшихъ, кромј дјтей.

38 Вмјстј съ ними вышло также множество разнаго рода людей, и мелкій и крупный скотъ, стадо весьма большое.

39 И испекли прјсеый хлјбъ изъ тјста, вынесеннаго изъ Египта, когда оно еще не вскисло, ибо они выгнаны изъ Египта и не могли медлить и изготовить себј на дорогу пищи.

40 Времени же, въ которое сыны Израилевы обитали въ Египтј, было четыреста тридцать лјтъ.

41 Когда исполнилось четыреста тридцать лјтъ, въ тотъ самый день вышло все воинство Іеговы изъ земли Египетской.

42 Бдјніе Іеговј въ сію ночь, когда Онъ вывелъ ихъ изъ земли Египетской; въ сію самую ночь бдјніе Іеговј у всјхъ сыновъ Израилевыхъ въ роды ихъ.

43 И сказалъ Іегова Моисею и Аарону: вотъ уставъ Пасхи: никакой иноплеменникъ не долженъ јсть ея.

44 А всякаго раба, купленнаго за серебро, обрјжь: тогда онъ пусть јстъ ее.

45 Поселенецъ и наемникъ не долженъ јсть ея.

46 Въ одномъ домј должно јсть ее; не выносите мяса вонъ изъ дома, и костей ея не сокрушайте.

47 Все общество Израиля должно совершать ее.

48 Если же поселится у тебя пришлецъ, и захочетъ совершить Пасху Іеговј, то обрјжь у него всјхъ мужескаго пола, и тогда онъ приступить къ совершенію ея, и будетъ какъ природный житель земли: а никакой необрјзанный не долженъ јсть ея.

49 Одинъ законъ да будетъ и для природнаго жителя и для пришельца, поселившагося между вами.

50 И сдјлали такъ всј сыны Израилевы; какъ повелјлъ Іегова Моисею и Аарону, такъ и сдјлали.

51 Такимъ образомъ въ сей самый день Іегова вывелъ сыновъ Израилевыхъ изъ земли Египетской, по ихъ ополченіямъ.

   

टीका

 

Aaron

The Third Plague of Egypt, by William de Brailes, illustrates the flies, or gnats, rising from the dust.

This page from Walters manuscript W.106 depicts a scene from Exodus, in which God rained plagues upon Egypt. After plagues of blood and frogs, Pharaoh hardened his heart again and would not let the Israelites leave Egypt. God told Moses to tell Aaron to stretch forth his rod and strike the dust of the earth that it may become gnats throughout the land of Egypt. Here, Moses, horned (a sign of his encounter with divinity), carries the rod, while Aaron, wearing the miter of a priest, stands behind him. The gnats arise en masse out of the dust from which they were made and attack Pharaoh, seated and crowned, and his retinue.

В первой части истории Моисей олицетворяет Слово, как оно есть на самом деле, как оно понимается на небесах, а Аарон олицетворяет Слово в его внешнем смысле, как оно понимается в мире людьми. Вот почему он говорит за Моисея, и Господь говорит о нем: "Он будет вам как уста, и вы будете ему как Бог". (Исход 4:16). Позже, когда Аарон был одет в свою церемониальную одежду (см. главы Левит). 8, 9он был введен в должность первосвященника Израиля. В этой роли Аарон олицетворяет Господа по отношению к Божественному Добру, а Моисей - Господа по отношению к Божественной Истине. Аарон был братом Моисея. Он символизирует две вещи, одну во время первой части исхода, когда он был представителем Моисея, и другую после того, как была построена скиния, и он был торжественно открыт как первосвященник.

(सन्दर्भ: Небесные тайны 6998, Небесные тайны 9806, Небесные тайны 9936, 10397; Исход 4:14, 28:1, 32:1; Левит 8, 9)


स्वीडनबॉर्ग के कार्यों से

 

Arcana Coelestia #9806

इस मार्ग का अध्ययन करें

  
/ 10837  
  

9806. 'And you, cause Aaron your brother to come near to you' means the joining of Divine Truth to Divine Good within the Lord's Divine Human. This is clear from the representation of Moses, the one here who was to cause Aaron to come near him, as the Lord in respect of Divine Truth, dealt with in 6752, 6771, 7014, 9372; from the meaning of 'drawing near' as a joining to and presence with, dealt with in 9378; from the representation of 'Aaron' as the Lord in respect of Divine Good, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'brother' as good, dealt with in 3303, 3803, 3815, 4121, 4191, 5686, 5692, 6756. From all this it is evident that the words telling Moses that he should cause Aaron his brother to come near to him mean the joining of Divine Truth to Divine Good within the Lord, the reason why within His Divine Human is meant being that this was where that joining together had to take place. For the Lord had first to make His Human Divine Truth, then afterwards Divine Good, see the places referred to in 9199, 9315. The reason why Aaron was chosen to serve in the priestly office was that he was Moses' brother, and in this way the brotherly relationship of Divine Truth and Divine Good in heaven was at the same time represented. For as stated above, Moses represented Divine Truth and Aaron Divine Good.

[2] Everything throughout creation, both in heaven and in the world, has connection with good and with truth, to the end that it may be something. For good is the inner being (Esse) of truth, and truth is the outward manifestation (Existere) of good. Good without truth therefore cannot manifest itself, and truth without good has no real being. From this it is evident that they must be joined together. In the Word the two joined together are represented by a married couple or by two brothers, by a married couple when the heavenly marriage - the marriage of good and truth - and the succeeding generations which spring from that marriage, are the subject, and by two brothers when two kinds of ministry, namely those of judgement and worship, are the subject. Those who served as ministers of judgement were called judges, and at a later time kings, whereas those who served as ministers of worship were called priests. And since all judgement is arrived at through truth and all worship springs from good, truth founded on good is meant in the Word by 'judges', in the abstract sense, in which no actual person is envisaged; but truth from which good results is meant by 'kings', and good itself by 'priests'. So it is that in the Word the Lord is called Judge, also Prophet, as well as King, in places where the subject has reference to truth, but Priest where it has reference to good. He is in like manner called Christ, Anointed, or Messiah in places where the subject has reference to truth, but Jesus or Saviour where it has reference to good.

[3] It was on account of this brotherly relationship of the truth which belongs to judgement and the good which belongs to worship that Aaron, brother of Moses, was chosen to serve in the priestly office. The fact that 'Aaron' and 'his house' because of this mean good is clear in David,

O Israel, trust in Jehovah! He is their help and their shield. O house of Aaron, trust in Jehovah! He is their help and their shield. Jehovah has remembered us, He blesses [us]. He will bless the house of Israel, He will bless the house of Aaron. Psalms 115:9-10, 12.

In the same author,

Let Israel now say that His mercy [endures] to eternity; let the house of Aaron now say that His mercy [endures] to eternity. Psalms 118:2-3.

In the same author,

O house of Israel, bless Jehovah! O house of Aaron, bless Jehovah! Psalms 135:19.

'The house of Israel' stands for those with whom truths exist, 'the house of Aaron' for those with whom forms of good are present; for in the Word wherever truth is the subject so too is good, on account of the heavenly marriage, 9263, 9314. For the meaning of 'the house of Israel' as those with whom truths exist, see 5414, 5879, 5951, 7956, 8234.

In the same author,

Jehovah sent Moses His servant, Aaron whom He chose. Psalms 105:26.

Moses is called a servant because 'servant' is used in regard to truths, 3409, whereas one chosen or elected has regard to good, 3755 (end).

[4] In the same author,

Behold, how good and pleasant it is for brothers to dwell also together! It is like the good oil upon the head running down onto the beard, the beard of Aaron, which runs down over the collar 1 of his garments. Psalms 133:1-3.

Anyone who does not know what 'brother' means, nor what 'oil', 'the head', 'the beard', and 'garments' mean, nor also what 'Aaron' represents, can have no understanding of why such things have been compared to brothers who dwell together. For what similarity is there between oil running from Aaron's head down onto his beard, then onto his garments, and the unanimity of brothers? But the similarity in the comparison is evident from the internal sense, in which the flow of good into truths is the subject and is described by their brotherliness. For 'the oil' means good, 'Aaron's head' the inmost level of good, 'the beard' the very outermost level of it, 'garments' truths, and 'running down' a flowing in. From this it is plain that those words mean the flow, from inner to outer levels, of good into truths, and a joining together there. Without the internal sense how can anyone see that those words hold these heavenly matters within them? For the meaning of 'oil' as the good of love, see 886, 4582, 4638, 9780, and for that of 'the head' as what is inmost, 5328, 6436, 7859, 9656. The fact that 'the beard' means what is the very outermost is evident in Isaiah 7:20; 15:2; Jeremiah 48:37; and Ezekiel 5:1. For the meaning of 'garments' as truths, 2576, 4545, 4763, 5319, 5954, 6914, 6917, 9093, 9212, 9216; and for the representation of 'Aaron' as celestial good, see above.

[5] Seeing that Aaron was chosen to serve in the priestly office, thus to administer the most sacred things, people can understand what the situation was with representations in the Jewish Church. No attention was paid to the person who represented, only to the thing represented by that person. Thus something holy, indeed most holy, could be represented by persons who were inwardly unclean, indeed idolatrous, provided that outwardly they had an air of holiness when engaged in worship. The fact that Aaron was one such person becomes clear from the following details in Moses,

Aaron took the gold from the hands of the children of Israel, and fashioned it with a chisel, and made out of it a molded calf. And Aaron built an altar in front of it, and Aaron made a proclamation and said, Tomorrow there will be a feast to Jehovah. Exodus 32:4-5, 25.

And elsewhere in the same author,

Jehovah was greatly moved with anger against Aaron and would have destroyed him; 2 but I prayed for Aaron also at that time. Deuteronomy 9:20.

As regards the representatives of the Church among the Israelite and Jewish nation, that no attention was paid to the persons, only to the actual things represented, see the places referred to in 9229.

फुटनोट:

1. literally, the mouth

2. literally, to destroy him

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.