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神圣的灵魂

原作者: New Christian Bible Study Staff, John Odhner (机器翻译成: 中文)

Henry Ossawa Tanner (United States, Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, 1859 - 1937) 
Daniel in the Lions' Den, 1907-1918. Painting, Oil on paper mounted on canvas, 41 1/8 x 49 7/8 in.

圣灵的性质是标准的基督教神学和新基督教的观点之间存在明显差异的一个话题。大多数基督教教义的 "官方 "教条是,圣灵是组成一位神的三位一体的人中的一位,他的作用是用神的能力向人传福音,使人进入对公义的渴望。他被认为是从另外两个人中产生的。父神和儿子耶稣。

这一古老的提法是早期基督徒之间三个世纪以来争论的结果,因为他们试图理解神的本质。当时,有相当多的少数人拒绝接受神在三人中的观点,但是,在公元325年的尼西亚大公会议上,多数人取得了胜利。

新基督教的教导更类似于一些旧的少数派观点。它认为圣灵是一种来自神的力量或活动,而不是一个独立的存在。这与我们对 "灵 "的日常理解一致,认为 "灵 "是一个人人格的投影。这也解释了一个事实,即 "圣灵 "一词在旧约圣经中没有出现,而是使用了 "神的灵"、"耶和华的灵 "和 "主的灵 "等短语,其中灵的概念与神的人密切相关。

书中把圣父、圣子和圣灵描述为一个人的三个属性:独一神的灵魂、身体和精神。他们还说,"圣灵 "这个词在新约中出现,是因为它与主在耶稣身体里的降临有关,也是因为这个降临改变了我们学习主的真理和成为好人的方式。

根据《书信》,在降临之前的教会是 "有代表性的"。其中的人(无论如何,在那些最好的教会中)知道主创造了世界,世界因此是主的形象,他们有能力去看这个被创造的世界,理解它的属灵信息;他们可以看世界,理解主。他们不费吹灰之力就做到了,而且很有深度,就像我们读一本书时,看到的只是白纸上的一堆黑色的方块。

然而,这种能力最终被扭曲成了偶像崇拜和魔法,因为人们滑向了邪恶。主利用以色列的子民来保存象征性的崇拜形式,但即使是他们也不知道他们所遵循的仪式的深层含义。由于世界因此而失去了真正的理解,主就用人的身体,使他能直接为人提供新的思想。这就是为什么书中说祂代表神圣的真理("道成了肉身",正如约翰福音1:14所说)。

圣灵在心里也代表神圣的真理,即主通过他在世界上的事奉所提供的真理,以及新约圣经中的记录。圣灵 "这个词在更广泛的意义上也是指神圣的活动和神性的作用,它通过真正的教导工作,对我们的生命产生影响。

主和我们之间的这种直接联系不是通过代表来的;它必须来自于主在他肉体生命中作为一个人在地上行走,或者--在现代--通过我们在他肉体生命中作为一个人的形象来。这就是为什么在主降临之前,人们没有接受圣灵的原因。

不过,我们现在所拥有的,是一个完整的主的观念,父神代表他的灵魂,子代表他的身体,圣灵代表他的行为和他对人的影响。

(参考: 新耶路撒冷教义之主篇58; 真正的基督教信仰138, 139, 140, 142, 153, 158, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 170, 172)

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Doctrine of the Lord#58

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58. We say that everything in this doctrine in its every word is true, provided one understands the trinity to be a trinity in the person instead of a trinity of persons, and that this can be seen from a rewriting of the doctrine. Here, then, is the rewritten version:

Whosoever will be saved, before all things it is necessary that he hold the Christian faith.... The Christian faith is this: That we worship one God in Trinity, and Trinity in Unity, neither confounding the trine in the person, nor dividing the essence. [For] there is a trine in one Person, called the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. The Godhead or Divinity of the Father, of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, is one and the same, the glory and the majesty equal.

Such as the Father is, such is the Son, and such is the Holy Spirit. The Father is uncreated, the Son is uncreated, and the Holy Spirit is uncreated. The Father is infinite, the Son is infinite, and the Holy Spirit is infinite.... And yet...there are not three infinites, nor three uncreated, but one Uncreated, and one Infinite.

So likewise as the Father is Almighty, so the Son is Almighty, and the Holy Spirit is Almighty. And yet they are not three almighties, but one Almighty.

As the Father is God, so the Son is God, and the Holy Spirit is God. And yet they are not three gods, but one God.

Although the Father is Lord, the Son is Lord, and the Holy Spirit is Lord. And yet there are not three lords, but one Lord.

Now as in accord with the Christian verity we acknowledge a trine in one Person, who is God and Lord, so we can say, in accord with our Christian faith, one God and one Lord.

The Father is made of none, neither created, nor begotten. The Son is of the Father alone, not made, nor created, but begotten. The Holy Spirit is of the Father and of the Son, neither made, nor created, nor begotten, but proceeding.

So there is one Father, not three fathers; one Son, not three sons; one Holy Spirit, not three holy spirits. And in this Trinity...none is the greatest or the least, but they are entirely equal, so that it is altogether the case, as was said before, that the Unity in Trinity and the Trinity in Unity is to be worshiped.

  
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Published by the General Church of the New Jerusalem, 1100 Cathedral Road, Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania 19009, U.S.A. A translation of Doctrina Novae Hierosolymae de Domino, by Emanuel Swedenborg, 1688-1772. Translated from the Original Latin by N. Bruce Rogers. ISBN 9780945003687, Library of Congress Control Number: 2013954074.