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Ezequiel第41章

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1 Então me levou ao templo, e mediu as umbreiras, seis côvados de largura de uma banda, e seis côvados de largura da outra, que era a largura do tabernáculo.

2 E a largura da entrada era de dez côvados; e os lados da entrada, cinco côvados de uma banda e cinco côvados da outra; também mediu o seu comprimento, de quarenta côvados, e a largura, de vinte côvados.

3 E entrou dentro, e mediu cada umbral da entrada, dois côvados; e a entrada, seis côvados; e a largura da entrada, sete côvados.

4 Também mediu o seu comprimento, vinte côvados, e a largura, vinte côvados, diante do templo; e disse-me: Este é o lugar santíssimo.

5 Então mediu a parede do templo, seis côvados, e a largura de cada câmara lateral, quatro côvados, por todo o redor do templo.

6 E as câmaras laterais eram de três andares, câmara sobre câmara, e trinta em cada andar; e elas entravam na parede que tocava no templo para essas câmaras laterais em redor, para se susterem nela, porque não travavam da parede do templo.

7 Também as câmaras laterais aumentavam de largura de andar em andar, ao passo que se aprofundava a reentrância da parede de andar em andar em volta do templo; e havia ao lado do templo uma escadaria pela qual se subia do primeiro ao terceiro andar mediante o segundo.

8 Vi também que havia ao redor do templo um pavimento elevado; os fundamentos das câmaras laterais eram da medida de uma cana inteira, seis côvados grandes.

9 A grossura da parede exterior das câmaras laterais era de cinco côvados; e o que sobrava do pavimento fora das câmaras laterais, que estavam junto ao templo, também era de cinco côvados.

10 E por fora das câmaras havia um espaço livre de vinte côvados de largura em toda a volta do templo.

11 E as entradas das câmaras laterais estavam voltadas para a parte do pavimento que sobrava, uma entrada para o lado do norte, e outra entrada para o do sul; e a largura desta parte do pavimento era de cinco côvados em redor.

12 Era também o edifício que estava diante do lugar separado, ao lado que olha para o ocidente, da largura de setenta côvados; e a parede do edifício era de cinco côvados de largura em redor, e o seu comprimento de noventa côvados.

13 Assim mediu o templo, do comprimento de cem côvados, como também o lugar separado, e o edifício, e as suas paredes, cem côvados de comprimento.

14 E a largura da dianteira do templo, e do lugar separado que olha para o oriente, cem côvados.

15 Também mediu o comprimento do edifício, diante do lugar separado, que estava por detrás, e as suas galerias de um e de outro lado, cem côvados. A nave do templo, a câmara interior, e o vestíbulo do átrio eram forrados;

16 e os três tinham janelas gradeadas. As galerias em redor nos três andares, defronte do limiar, eram forradas de madeira em redor, e isto desde o chão até as janelas (ora as janelas estavam cobertas),

17 até o espaço em cima da porta para a câmara interior, por dentro e por fora. E em todas as paredes em redor, por dentro e por fora, tudo por medida.

18 havia querubins e palmeiras de entalhe; e havia uma palmeira entre querubim e querubim; e cada querubim tinha dois rostos,

19 de modo que o rosto de homem olhava para a palmeira de um lado, e o rosto de leão novo para a palmeira do outro lado; assim era pela casa toda em redor.

20 Desde o chão até acima da entrada estavam entalhados querubins e palmeiras, como também pela parede do templo.

21 As ombreiras das portas do templo eram quadradas; e diante do santuário havia uma coisa semelhante

22 a um altar de madeira, de três côvados de altura, e o seu comprimento era de dois côvados; os seus cantos, o seu fundamento e as suas paredes eram de madeira; e disse-me: Esta é a mesa que está perante a face do Senhor.

23 Ora, a nave e o santuário ambos tinham portas duplas.

24 As portas tinham cada uma duas folhas que viravam, duas para uma porta, e duas para a outra.

25 E havia nas portas da nave querubins e palmeiras de entalhe, como os que estavam nas paredes; e havia um grande toldo de madeira diante do vestíbulo por fora.

26 Também havia janelas fechadas e palmeiras, de uma e de outra banda, pelos lados do vestíbulo.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Apocalypse Revealed#239

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239. And in the midst of the throne, and around the throne, were four living creatures. This symbolizes the Word of the Lord from the firsts of it in its lasts, and its protections.

I know people will be surprised at my saying that the four living creatures symbolize the Word. This is nevertheless their symbolic meaning, as we will later show.

The four living creatures here are the same as the cherubim in Ezekiel. In chapter 1 there they are called likewise living creatures, but cherubim in chapter 10, and they were, as here, a lion, an ox, a human being, and an eagle. 1

In the Hebrew there they are called hayyoth, 2 a word which indeed means creatures, but one derived from hayyoh, 3 meaning life, from which the name of Adam's wife, Hawwah, 4 also was derived (Genesis 3:20). In Ezekiel a creature is also called hayyah, so that these creatures can be called living ones.

It does not matter that the Word is described by creatures, since the Lord Himself is sometimes called in the Word a lion, and often a lamb, and people possessing charity from the Lord are called sheep. Moreover, an understanding of the Word, too, is in subsequent chapters called a horse.

It is apparent that these living creatures or cherubim symbolize the Word from the fact that they were seen in the midst of the throne and around the throne. The Lord was in the midst of the throne, and because the Lord embodies the Word, it could not appear elsewhere. They were also seen around the throne, because they were seen in the angelic heaven, where the Word exists also.

[2] The fact that cherubim symbolize the Word and its protection is something we showed in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem Regarding the Sacred Scripture 97, , where we said the following:

...the literal sense of the Word is a protection for the genuine truths which lie within; and the protection consists in the fact that the literal sense can be turned this way or that, (or) explained in accordance with one's comprehension, and yet without harming or violating the Word's inner meaning. For it does no harm for the literal sense to be interpreted differently by different people. But harm is done if the Divine truths that lie within are distorted, for this does violence to the Word.

The literal sense protects this from happening, and it does so in the case of people caught up in falsities derived from their religion, who do not defend those falsities; for they do not inflict any violence.

This protection is symbolized by the cherubim and also described by them in the Word. The same protection is symbolized by the cherubim which, after Adam and his wife were cast out of the Garden of Eden, were placed at its entrance, regarding which we read the following:

(When) Jehovah God... drove out the man..., He caused cherubim to dwell at the east of the Garden of Eden, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to guard the way to the tree of life. (Genesis 3:23-24)

The cherubim symbolize a protection. The way to the tree of life symbolizes an entryway to the Lord, which people have through the Word. The flaming sword which turned every way symbolizes Divine truth in outmost expressions, which is like the Word in its literal sense, which can (as we said) be turned in the way stated.

[3] The cherubim of gold positioned on either end of the mercy seat which was on top of the ark (Exodus 25:18-21) have the same meaning. Because this is what the cherubim symbolized, therefore Jehovah spoke with Moses from between them (Exodus 25:22; 30:6, 36, Numbers 7:89)....

This, too, was what the cherubim on the curtains of the Tabernacle and on the veil in it symbolized (Exodus 26:1, 31). For the curtains and veils of the Tabernacle represented the outmost elements of heaven and the church, thus also the outmost expressions of the Word.

This was also what the cherubim inside the temple at Jerusalem symbolized (1 Kings 6:23-28), and what the cherubim carved on the walls and doors of the temple symbolized (1 Kings 6:29, 32, 35). Likewise the cherubim in the new temple (Ezekiel 41:18-20)....

[4] Since cherubim symbolized a protection to prevent a direct approach to the Lord and heaven and to Divine truth such as it is inwardly in the Word, so that people must approach indirectly through its outward expressions, therefore the following is said of the king of Tyre:

You, the seal of the measure, full of wisdom and perfect in beauty, were in Eden, the garden...; every precious stone was your covering... You were the cherub, the spreader of a covering... I destroyed you, O covering cherub, in the midst of fiery stones. (Ezekiel 28:12-14, 16)

Tyre symbolizes the church in respect to its concepts of truth and goodness, and therefore its king symbolizes the Word where those concepts are found and from which they are drawn. It is apparent that here he symbolizes the Word in its outmost expression, which is its literal meaning, and the cherub, its protection, for the passage says, "You, the seal of the measure," "every precious stone was your covering," "You were the cherub, the spreader of a covering." The precious stones mentioned here as well symbolize the truths in the Word's literal sense (no. 231).

[5] Since cherubim symbolize Divine truth in outmost expressions as a protection, therefore we are told in the book of Psalms:

...O Shepherd of Israel..., You who sit upon the cherubim, shine forth! (Psalms 80:1)

Jehovah..., sitting upon the cherubim. (Psalms 99:1)

(Jehovah) bowed the heavens and came down... And He rode upon cherubim... (Psalms 18:9-10)

To ride upon cherubim, to sit on them and be seated on them is to do so upon the outmost meaning of the Word.

The Divine truth in the Word and its character is described by cherubim in the first, ninth and tenth chapters in Ezekiel. But inasmuch as no one can know what the particulars of their description symbolize except one to whom the spiritual meaning has been disclosed, and inasmuch as this meaning has been disclosed to me, we will relate briefly what is symbolized by each of the particulars mentioned regarding the four creatures or cherubim in the first chapter in Ezekiel. They are as follows:

[6] The outward Divine atmosphere of the Word is described in verse 4.

It is represented as human in verse 5; as conjoined with spiritual and celestial qualities in verse 6.

The character of the natural component of the Word is described in verse 7.

The character of the spiritual and celestial components of the Word conjoined with the natural one, in verses 8-9.

The Divine love of the celestial, spiritual and natural goodness and truth present in it, separately and together, in verses 10-11.

Their looking to a single end, in verse 12.

The atmosphere of the Word emanating from the Lord's Divine goodness and truth, which give the Word life, in verses 13-14.

The doctrine of goodness and truth present in the Word and emanating from the Word, in verses 15-21.

The Lord's Divinity transcending it and present in it, in verses 22-23; and emanating from it, in verses 24-25.

The Lord's transcending the heavens, in verse 26.

His possessing Divine love and wisdom, in verses 27-28.

These are the symbolic meanings in summary form.

脚注:

1. See Ezekiel 1:10; 10:14, 22.

2. חַיּוֹת

3. חָיָה

4. חַוָּה

  
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Many thanks to the General Church of the New Jerusalem, and to Rev. N.B. Rogers, translator, for the permission to use this translation.