新基督教圣经研究

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2 Mosebok第28章

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1 Så skal du kalle din bror Aron ut av Israels barns mengde, og la ham trede frem til dig, både han og hans sønner, og sette dem til prester for mig - Aron og Nadab og Abihu og Eleasar og Itamar, Arons sønner.

2 Og du skal gjøre hellige klær for Aron, din bror, til ære og til pryd.

3 Og du skal tale til alle kunstforstandige menn, alle som jeg har fylt med kunstnerånd; og de skal gjøre de klær som Aron skal bære, forat han kan helliges til å tjene mig som prest.

4 Dette er de klær som de skal gjøre: en brystduk og en livkjortel og en overkjortel og en ternet underkjortel, en hue og et belte - hellige klær skal de gjøre til Aron, din bror, og hans sønner, så han kan tjene mig som prest.

5 De skal ta gullet og den blå og den purpurrøde og den karmosinrøde ull og det fine lingarn,

6 og de skal gjøre livkjortelen av gull, blå, purpurrød og karmosinrød ull og fint, tvunnet lingarn i kunstvevning.

7 Den skal ha to skulderstykker som kan festes til hverandre, ett i hver ende; det skal være til å hekte den sammen med.

8 Og beltet som skal sitte på den og holde den sammen, skal være av samme slags vevning og i ett stykke med den, av gull og blå og purpurrød og karmosinrød ull og fint, tvunnet lingarn.

9 Og du skal ta to onyksstener, og på dem skal du inngrave navnene på Israels barn,

10 seks navn på den ene sten og de andre seks navn på den andre sten efter alderen.

11 Som en arbeider i sten og skjærer ut et signet, således skal du la navnene på Israels barn skjære ut på begge stenene; du skal sette dem inn i flettverk av gull.

12 Og du skal sette begge stenene på livkjortelens skulderstykker, forat de skal minne om Israels barn; og når Aron står for Herrens åsyn, skal han bære deres navn på begge sine skuldrer for å minne om dem.

13 Så skal du gjøre flettverk av gull

14 og to kjeder av rent gull; de skal være slynget, således som de slynger snorer; disse slyngede kjeder skal du feste til flettverkene.

15 Så skal du gjøre en doms-brystduk* i kunstvevning, i samme slags vevning som livkjortelen; av gull og blå, purpurrød og karmosinrød ull og fint, tvunnet lingarn skal du gjøre den. / {* se 2MO 28, 30.}

16 Den skal være firkantet og dobbelt lagt, et spann lang og et spann bred.

17 Og du skal sette på den fire rader med innfattede stener. I en rad skal det være en karneol, en topas og en smaragd; det er den første rad.

18 I den annen rad skal det være en karfunkel, en safir og en diamant,

19 og i den tredje rad en hyasint, en agat og en ametyst,

20 og i den fjerde rad en krysolitt og en onyks og en jaspis. De skal være innfattet i flettverk av gull.

21 Stenene skal være tolv i tallet, efter navnene på Israels sønner, en for hvert navn; på hver sten skal navnet på en av de tolv stammer være innskåret likesom på et signet.

22 Til brystduken skal du også gjøre kjeder av rent gull, slynget som snorer.

23 Likeså skal du gjøre to gullringer til brystduken, og dem skal du sette på hver sitt hjørne av den.

24 Og du skal feste de to slyngede gullkjeder i de to ringer på hjørnene av brystduken.

25 Og de to andre ender av de to slyngede kjeder skal du feste i de to flettverk* og så feste dem til livkjortelens skulderstykker på fremsiden. / {* 2MO 28, 11. 13. 14.}

26 Så skal du gjøre to andre gullringer og sette dem på de to andre hjørner av brystduken på den indre side av den, den som vender inn mot livkjortelen.

27 Og du skal gjøre ennu to gullringer og sette dem på livkjortelens to skulderstykker nedentil på fremsiden, der hvor den festes sammen, ovenfor livkjortelens belte.

28 Så skal ringene på brystduken bindes til ringene på livkjortelen med en snor av blå ull, så brystduken kommer til å sitte ovenfor livkjortelens belte og ikke kan skilles fra livkjortelen.

29 Og når Aron går inn i helligdommen, skal han bære navnene på Israels barn i doms-brystduken på sitt hjerte for alltid å minne om dem for Herrens åsyn.

30 I doms-brystduken skal du legge urim og tummim*; de skal ligge ved Arons hjerte når han går inn for Herrens åsyn, så Aron alltid skal bære Israels barns dom på sitt hjerte for Herrens åsyn. / {* Ved urim og tummim (lys og fullkommenhet) åpenbarte Herren ypperstepresten og ved ham folket sin vilje og gav oplysning i tvilsomme tilfelle.}

31 Overkjortelen* som hører til livkjortelen, skal du gjøre helt igjennem av blå ull. / {* En kjortel til å bære over underkjortelen, men under livkjortelen.}

32 Midt på den skal det være en åpning for hodet, og rundt omkring åpningen skal det være en vevet bord - likesom åpningen på en brynje - forat den ikke skal revne.

33 Og rundt omkring på kanten av den nedentil skal du sette granatepler av blå, purpurrød og karmosinrød ull og mellem dem gullbjeller rundt omkring,

34 først en gullbjelle og et granateple og så atter en gullbjelle og et granateple, og således rundt omkring hele kanten av overkjortelen nedentil.

35 Denne overkjortel skal Aron ha på hver gang han gjør tjeneste, så lyden av den kan høres når han går inn i helligdommen for Herrens åsyn, og når han går ut - forat han ikke skal dø.

36 Så skal du gjøre en plate av rent gull og skjære ut på den således som en skjærer ut et signet: Helliget Herren.

37 Du skal feste den til en snor av blå ull, og den skal sitte på huen; på fremsiden av huen skal den sitte.

38 Over Arons panne skal den sitte, så Aron kan bære den synd som henger ved de hellige ting Israels barn vier til Herren, alle de hellige gaver de bærer frem; den skal alltid sitte over hans panne, forat de kan finne velbehag for Herrens åsyn.

39 Så skal du veve en ternet underkjortel av fint lin og gjøre en hue av fint lin, og et belte med utsydd arbeid.

40 Og til Arons sønner skal du gjøre underkjortler, og du skal gjøre dem belter, og du skal gjøre dem høie huer, til ære og til pryd.

41 Med dette skal du klæ Aron, din bror, og likeså hans sønner, og du skal salve dem og fylle deres hender* og hellige dem, så de kan tjene mig som prester. / {* d.e. innvie dem ved å overgi visse offerstykker i deres hender, se 2MO 29, 22 fg.}

42 Så skal du gjøre dem benklær av lerret til å skjule deres blusel; fra lendene ned til lårene skal de nå.

43 Og dem skal Aron og hans sønner ha på når de går inn i sammenkomstens telt, eller når de treder frem til alteret for å gjøre tjeneste i helligdommen, så de ikke skal føre skyld over sig og dø. Dette skal være en evig lov for ham og hans ætt efter ham.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#9809

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9809. 'So that they may serve Me in the priestly office' means that which is representative of the Lord. This is clear from the representation of 'the priestly office' in the highest sense as all the service performed by the Lord as the Saviour. And the moving force behind whatever He does as the Saviour is Divine Love, thus Divine Good since all good is an aspect of love. So it is also that in the highest sense 'the priestly office' means the Divine Good of the Lord's Divine Love. There is Divine Good and there is Divine Truth. Divine Good exists within the Lord, and so is His Essential Being (Esse), which in the Word is called Jehovah. But Divine Truth is an emanation from the Lord, and so is the Coming-into-being (Existere) from that Essential Being; this is meant in the Word by God. And since that which is the Coming-into-being from Himself is nonetheless Himself, the Lord is also Divine Truth, which is what is Divine and His in the heavens. For the heavens are a coming-into-being from Him, because the angels there are recipients of what is Divine and His, celestial angels being recipients of the Divine Good which emanates from Him, but spiritual angels recipients of the Divine Truth springing from that Good. All this helps to make clear what it was belonging to the Lord that was represented by the priestly office, and what it was belonging to the Lord that was represented by the royal office, namely the Divine Good of His Divine Love by the priestly office, and the Divine Truth springing from that Good by the royal office.

[2] The truth that the priestly office represented the Divine Good of the Lord's Divine Love, thus all the service performed by the Lord as the Saviour, is clear from the following declarations in the Word: In David,

Jehovah said to my Lord, Sit at My right hand, till I make Your enemies as Your footstool. Jehovah will send the rod of strength from Zion; have dominion in the midst of Your enemies. Your people will be prompt to offer themselves on the day of Your power, in the beauty of holiness. From the womb of the dawn You have the dew of Your birth. Jehovah has sworn and will not repent, You are a priest for ever, after the manner 1 of Melchizedek. The Lord is on Your right hand; He struck kings on the day of His anger. He has judged among the nations, He has filled [the places] with dead bodies, He has stricken [one who was] head over much land. He will drink from the stream by the way; therefore he will lift up his head. Psalms 110:1-7.

These declarations show what the Lord as a priest, consequently what the priestly office within the Lord represented, namely the whole work of saving the human race. For the subject in this Psalm is the Lord's conflicts with the hells when He was in the world. Through those conflicts He acquired for Himself a power over the hells that was almighty and Divine, by means of which He saved the human race and also today saves all who accept Him. This very salvation, because the Divine Good of Divine Love is the moving force behind the accomplishment of it, is the reason why it says in reference to the Lord, 'You are a priest for ever, after the manner of Melchizedek'. The name Melchizedek means King of Righteousness, which the Lord was called because He had become [the One in whom there was] righteousness and consequently salvation, as accords with what has been shown in 9715.

[3] But since the declarations in this Psalm each contain arcana which have to do with the Lord's conflicts when He was in the world, and those arcana cannot be revealed without the internal sense, let a brief explanation of them be supplied. Jehovah said to my Lord means that the subject is the Lord when He was in the world. 'Lord' here is used to mean the Lord's Divine Human, as is clear in Matthew 22:43-45; Mark 12:36; Luke 20:42-44. Sit at My right hand means the almighty power of Divine Good, exercised through Divine Truth, the Lord being Divine Truth at that time, and Divine Truth being that with which He entered into and won the battle. For the meaning of 'sitting at the right hand' as a state of power, and in reference to the Divine as almighty power, see 3387, 4592, 4933, 6948, 7518, 7673, 8281, 9133; and the fact that all the power which good possesses is exercised through truth, 6344, 6423, 8304, 9327, 9410, 9639, 9643.

[4] Till I make Your enemies as Your footstool means until the time when the evils which exist in and spring from the hells have been subdued and made subject to His Divine power. Jehovah will send the rod of strength from Zion means the power at that time received from celestial good, 'Zion' meaning this good, see 2362, 9055. Have dominion in the midst of Your enemies means that this good has dominion over evils. Evils are enemies because they are contrary to what is Divine, especially to the Lord. Your people will be prompt to offer themselves on the day of Your power means the Divine Truths engaging in conflict then. In the beauty of holiness means which spring from Divine Good. From the womb of the dawn You have the dew of Your birth means conception from Divine Good itself, from which He had Divine Truth. Jehovah has sworn and will not repent means what is sure and certain.

[5] You are a priest for ever means the Divine Good of Divine Love within Him. After the manner of Melchizedek means that His Divine Human is of a like nature. The name Melchizedek means King of Righteousness, thus Jehovah who has become Righteousness through conflicts and victories, 9715. The Lord is on Your right hand means Divine Truth from Him at that time, through which almighty power is exercised, as above. He struck kings on the day of His anger means the destruction of falsities then, 'the day of anger' being the time when He fought against evils and destroyed them. 'Kings' are truths and in the contrary sense falsities, 2015, 2069, 4575, 4581, 4966, 5044, 5068, 6148. He has judged among the nations means the dispersion of evils; for 'nations' are forms of good and in the contrary sense evils, 1259, 1260, 1849, 6005. He has filled [the places] with dead bodies means the resulting spiritual death, which is a total deprivation of truth and good. He has stricken [one who was] head over much land means casting hellish self-love down into the hells, and the damnation of that love. He will drink from the stream by the way; therefore he will lift up his head means the endeavour to rise up from there by means of reasonings about truths. This is the meaning which those in heaven perceive within these words when that Psalm is read by someone in the world.

[6] Since the priestly office was representative of the Lord's whole work of salvation which was motivated by Divine Love, the performance of all the worship of God furthermore belonged to the office of the priest. Acts of worship at that time consisted first and foremost in offering burnt offerings, sacrifices, and minchahs, in setting the loaves on the table of the Presence, in keeping the lamps alight day by day, and in offering incense, and consequently in expiating or making atonement for the people and forgiving sins. In addition to all this their office consisted, when they were at the same time prophets, in explaining God's law and in teaching. The fact that all these duties were performed by Aaron and his sons is clear from the description in Moses of the establishment of the priesthood; and all those duties, it is self-evident, were representative of the Lord's acts of salvation. All this also explains why the portions of the sacrifices and minchahs that were Jehovah's, that is, the Lord's, were given to Aaron, likewise various kinds of first fruits as well as tithes, see Exodus 29:1-36; Leviticus 7:35-36; 23:15-22; 27:21; Numbers 5:6-11; 18:8-20, 25-end; Deuteronomy 18:1-4. The firstborn were also given; but in place of all the firstborn of human beings stood the Levites, who were given as a gift to Aaron, see Numbers 1:47; 3:9, because they were Jehovah's, Numbers 3:12-13, 40-45.

[7] Because the Lord as regards His whole work of salvation was represented by the high priest, and the actual work of salvation by his office, which is called the priestly office, no inheritance and portion among the people was given to Aaron and his sons; for it says that Jehovah God is their inheritance and portion, Numbers 18:20. Nor was any given to the Levites, because they belonged to Aaron, Numbers 26:58-63; Deuteronomy 10:9; 18:1-2. For the people represented heaven and the Church; but Aaron and his sons, and the Levites, represented the good of love and faith, which composes heaven and the Church, and so represented the Lord, who is the source of that good. Therefore He gave over the land to the people as an inheritance, but not to the priests, for the Lord is present in people, but not among them as an individual person.

[8] Something similar is implied by the following words in Isaiah,

You will be called the priests of Jehovah, you will be spoken of as the ministers of our God. You will eat the wealth of the gentiles, and in their glory you will glory. Isaiah 61:6.

'Eating the wealth of the gentiles' stands for making forms of good one's own, 'glorying in their glory' for having the benefit of truths, and so for the joy and happiness which those forms of good and truths give. As regards the meaning of 'the gentiles' or 'the nations' as forms of good, see 1259, 1260, 4574, 6005; and as regards that of 'glory' as truth from the Divine, 9429.

[9] Various places in the Word mention 'kings and priests', also 'kings, princes, priests, and prophets' in a series. But in these places truths in their entirety are meant in the internal sense by 'kings', and leading truths by 'princes'; forms of good in their entirety are meant by 'priests', and doctrinal teachings by 'prophets', as in the Book of Revelation,

Jesus Christ has made us kings and priests. Revelation 1:6; 5:10.

In Jeremiah,

The house of Israel is ashamed, they, their kings, their princes, and their priests, and their prophets. Jeremiah 2:26.

In the same prophet,

On that day the heart of the king and the heart of the princes will perish, and the priests will be dumbfounded and the prophets left wondering. Jeremiah 4:9.

In the same prophet,

At that time they will bring out the bones of the kings of Judah, and the bones of its princes, and the bones of the priests, and the bones of the prophets. Jeremiah 8:1.

In the abstract sense, separate from actual persons, truths in their entirety are meant by 'kings', see 1672, 2015, 2069, 4581, 4966, 5044, 6148; leading truths by 'princes', 1482, 2089, 5044; forms of good by 'priests', 1728, 2015 (end), 3670, 6148; and doctrinal teachings derived from and concerning all these by 'prophets', 2534, 7269. The Lord's kingship furthermore is meant by His name Christ, Anointed One, or Messiah, and His priesthood by the name Jesus; for Jesus means Saviour or Salvation, regarding which the following is stated in Matthew,

The angel appearing to Joseph in a dream said to him, You shall call His name Jesus, for He will save His people from their sins. Matthew 1:21.

Since this 2 belonged to the priestly office the high priest's duty of expiating or making atonement for people's sins had the same representation, Leviticus 4:26, 31, 35; 5:6, 10, 13, 16, 18; 6:7; 9:7; 15:15, 30.

[10] Since evil cannot possibly be combined with good, because each repels the other, various kinds of acts of purification were ordained for Aaron and his sons whenever they served in the priestly office, whether at the altar or in the tent of meeting. It was also ordained for example that the high priest should not marry anyone other than a virgin; he was not allowed to marry a widow, divorced woman, or prostitute, Leviticus 21:13-15. If any of Aaron's sons who were unclean had eaten from the holy offerings they should be cut off, Leviticus 22:2-9. None of Aaron's seed who had a defect should offer bread, Leviticus 21:17-21. The high priest should not use a razor on his head, nor tear his clothes, nor defile himself with any dead body, not even for his father or mother, nor go out of the sanctuary, Leviticus 21:10-12. These and many other laws, as has been stated, were laid down because the high priest represented the Lord and His Divine Goodness, and the nature of good is such that no evil can be combined with it. For good recoils from evil, and evil has a horror of good, as hell has of heaven; therefore it is impossible for them to be joined to each other.

[11] As regards truth however, its nature is such that it can be combined with falsity, but not falsity that has evil in it, only that which has good in it. That is, it can be combined with the kind of good that exists with very young children or older boys and girls who are still at the age of innocence, or with upright gentiles who are uninformed; and it can be combined with the kind of good that exists with all who are confined to the literal sense of the Word and to teachings derived from it and yet have the good of life as their end in view. For this good, if it is the end in view, dispels from falsity all inclination towards evil, and uses it in such a way that it makes it look to outward appearance like truth.

脚注:

1. The Latin means according to My word but the Hebrew means after the manner of, which Swedenborg has in some other places where he quotes this verse.

2. i.e. the work of salvation

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

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