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Γένεση第41章

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1 Και μετα παρελευσιν δυο ετων ο Φαραω ειδεν ενυπνιον· και ιδου, ιστατο πλησιον του ποταμου.

2 και ιδου, επτα δαμαλια ευμορφα και παχυσαρκα ανεβαινον εκ του ποταμου και εβοσκοντο εις το λιβαδιον.

3 και ιδου, αλλα επτα δαμαλια ανεβαινον μετ' εκεινα εκ του ποταμου, ασχημα και λεπτοσαρκα, και ισταντο πλησιον των αλλων δαμαλιων επι το χειλος του ποταμου·

4 και τα δαμαλια τα ασχημα και λεπτοσαρκα κατεφαγον τα επτα δαμαλια τα ευμορφα και παχυσαρκα. Τοτε εξυπνησεν ο Φαραω.

5 Και αποκοιμηθεις ενυπνιασθη δευτεραν φοραν· και ιδου, επτα ασταχυα παχεα και καλα ανεβαινον εκ του αυτου κορμου·

6 και ιδου, αλλα επτα ασταχυα λεπτα και κεκαυμενα υπο του ανατολικου ανεμου ανεφυοντο μετ' εκεινα·

7 και τα ασταχυα τα λεπτα κατεπιον τα επτα ασταχυα τα παχεα και μεστα. Και εξυπνησεν ο Φαραω και ιδου, ητο ονειρον.

8 Και το πρωι το πνευμα αυτου ητο τεταραγμενον· και αποστειλας εκαλεσε παντας τους μαγους της Αιγυπτου και παντας τους σοφους αυτης· και διηγηθη προς αυτους ο Φαραω τα ενυπνια αυτου· αλλα δεν ητο ουδεις οστις να εξηγηση αυτα προς τον Φαραω.

9 Τοτε ο αρχιοινοχοος ελαλησε προς τον Φαραω λεγων, την αμαρτιαν μου ενθυμουμαι σημερον·

10 ο Φαραω ειχεν οργισθη εναντιον των δουλων αυτου και με εβαλεν εις φυλακην εν τω οικω του αρχοντος των σωματοφυλακων, εμε και τον αρχισιτοποιον·

11 και ειδομεν ενυπνιον κατα την αυτην νυκτα, εγω και εκεινος· ενυπνιασθημεν εκαστος κατα την εξηγησιν του ενυπνιου αυτου·

12 και ητο εκει μεθ' ημων νεος τις Εβραιος, δουλος του αρχοντος των σωματοφυλακων· και διηγηθημεν προς αυτον και εξηγησεν εις ημας τα ενυπνια ημων· εις εκαστον κατα το ενυπνιον αυτου εκαμε την εξηγησιν·

13 και καθως εξηγησεν εις ημας, ουτω και συνεβη· εμε μεν αποκατεστησεν εις το υπουργημα μου, εκεινον δε εκρεμασε.

14 Τοτε αποστειλας ο Φαραω, εκαλεσε τον Ιωσηφ, και εξηγαγον αυτον μετα σπουδης εκ της φυλακης· και εξυρισθη και ηλλαξε την στολην αυτου και ηλθε προς τον Φαραω.

15 Και ειπεν ο Φαραω προς τον Ιωσηφ, Ειδον ενυπνιον, και δεν ειναι ουδεις οστις να εξηγηση αυτο· και εγω ηκουσα περι σου να λεγωσιν οτι εννοεις τα ονειρα ωστε να εξηγης αυτα.

16 Και απεκριθη ο Ιωσηφ προς τον Φαραω λεγων, Ουχι εγω· ο Θεος θελει δωσει εις τον Φαραω σωτηριον αποκρισιν.

17 Και ειπεν ο Φαραω προς τον Ιωσηφ, Εις το ονειρον μου, ιδου, ισταμην επι το χειλος του ποταμου·

18 και ιδου, επτα δαμαλια παχυσαρκα και ευμορφα ανεβαινον εκ του ποταμου και εβοσκοντο εις το λιβαδιον·

19 και ιδου, αλλα επτα δαμαλια ανεβαινον κατοπιν εκεινων αδυνατα και πολυ ασχημα και λεπτοσαρκα, οποια δεν ειδον ποτε ασχημοτερα καθ' ολην την γην της Αιγυπτου·

20 και τα δαμαλια τα λεπτα και ασχημα κατεφαγον τα πρωτα επτα δαμαλια τα παχεα·

21 και αφου εισηλθον εις τας κοιλιας αυτων, δεν διεκρινετο οτι εισηλθον εις τας κοιλιας αυτων, αλλ' η θεωρια αυτων ητο ασχημος καθως και προτερον· τοτε εξυπνησα.

22 Επειτα ειδον εις το ονειρον μου και ιδου, επτα ασταχυα ανεβαινον εκ του αυτου κορμου μεστα και καλα·

23 και ιδου, αλλα επτα ασταχυα ξηρα, λεπτα, κεκαυμενα υπο του ανατολικου ανεμου, ανεφυοντο κατοπιν αυτων·

24 και τα ασταχυα τα λεπτα κατεπιον τα επτα ασταχυα τα καλα· και ειπον ταυτα προς τους μαγους, αλλα δεν ητο ουδεις οστις να μοι εξηγηση αυτα.

25 Και ειπεν ο Ιωσηφ προς τον Φαραω, Το ενυπνιον του Φαραω εν ειναι· ο Θεος εφανερωσεν εις τον Φαραω οσα μελλει να καμη.

26 Τα επτα δαμαλια τα καλα ειναι επτα ετη· και τα επτα ασταχυα τα καλα ειναι επτα ετη· το ενυπνιον εν ειναι.

27 Και τα επτα δαμαλια τα λεπτα και ασχημα, τα οποια ανεβαινον κατοπιν αυτων, ειναι επτα ετη· και τα επτα ασταχυα τα αμεστα, τα κεκαυμενα υπο του ανατολικου ανεμου, θελουσιν εισθαι επτα ετη πεινης.

28 Τουτο ειναι το πραγμα το οποιον ειπα προς τον Φαραω· ο Θεος εφανερωσεν εις τον Φαραω οσα μελλει να καμη.

29 Ιδου, ερχονται επτα ετη μεγαλης αφθονιας καθ' ολην την γην της Αιγυπτου·

30 και θελουσιν επελθει μετα ταυτα επτα ετη πεινης· και ολη η αφθονια θελει λησμονηθη εν τη γη της Αιγυπτου και η πεινα θελει καταφθειρει την γην·

31 και δεν θελει γνωρισθη η αφθονια επι της γης εξ αιτιας εκεινης της πεινης, ητις μελλει να ακολουθηση· διοτι θελει εισθαι βαρεια σφοδρα.

32 Το δε οτι εδευτερωθη το ενυπνιον εις τον Φαραω δις, φανερονει οτι το πραγμα ειναι αποφασισμενον παρα του Θεου και οτι ο Θεος θελει ταχυνει να εκτελεση αυτο.

33 Τωρα λοιπον ας προβλεψη ο Φαραω ανθρωπον συνετον και φρονιμον και ας καταστηση αυτον επι της γης της Αιγυπτου·

34 ας καμη ο Φαραω και ας διοριση επιστατας επι της γης· και ας λαμβανη το πεμπτον απο της γης Αιγυπτου εις τα επτα ετη της αφθονιας·

35 και ας συναξωσι πασας τας τροφας τουτων των ερχομενων καλων ετων, και ας αποταμιευσωσι σιτον υπο την χειρα του Φαραω δια τροφας εις τας πολεις, και ας φυλαττωσιν αυτον·

36 και αι τροφαι θελουσι μενει πεφυλαγμεναι δια την γην εις τα επτα ετη της πεινης, τα οποια θελουσιν ακολουθησει εν τη γη της Αιγυπτου, δια να μη απολεσθη ο τοπος υπο της πεινης.

37 Και ηρεσεν ο λογος εις τον Φαραω και εις παντας τους δουλους αυτου.

38 Και ειπεν ο Φαραω προς τους δουλους αυτου, Δυναμεθα να ευρωμεν καθως τουτον, ανθρωπον εις τον οποιον υπαρχει το πνευμα του Θεου;

39 Και ειπεν ο Φαραω προς τον Ιωσηφ, Επειδη ο Θεος εδειξεν εις σε παντα ταυτα, δεν ειναι ουδεις τοσον συνετος και φρονιμος οσον συ.

40 Συ θελεις εισθαι επι του οικου μου και εις τον λογον του στοματος σου θελει υπακουει πας ο λαος μου· μονον κατα τον θρονον θελω εισθαι ανωτερος σου.

41 Και ειπεν ο Φαραω προς τον Ιωσηφ, Ιδου, σε κατεστησα εφ' ολης της γης Αιγυπτου.

42 Και εκβαλων ο Φαραω το δακτυλιδιον αυτου εκ της χειρος αυτου, εβαλεν αυτο εις την χειρα του Ιωσηφ και ενεδυσεν αυτον ιματια βυσσινα, και περιεβαλε χρυσουν περιδερραιον περι τον τραχηλον αυτου.

43 Και ανεβιβασεν αυτον επι την αμαξαν αυτου την δευτεραν· και εκηρυττον εμπροσθεν αυτου, Γονατισατε· και κατεστησεν αυτον εφ' ολης της γης Αιγυπτου.

44 Και ειπεν ο Φαραω προς τον Ιωσηφ, Εγω ειμαι ο Φαραω, και χωρις σου ουδεις θελει σηκωσει την χειρα αυτου η τον ποδα αυτου καθ' ολην την γην της Αιγυπτου.

45 Και ωνομασεν ο Φαραω τον Ιωσηφ αφναθ-πανεαχ· και εδωκεν εις αυτον δια γυναικα Ασενεθ, την θυγατερα του Ποτιφερα ιερεως της Ων. Και εξηλθεν ο Ιωσηφ εις την γην της Αιγυπτου.

46 Ητο δε ο Ιωσηφ τριακοντα ετων, οτε παρεσταθη εμπροσθεν του Φαραω βασιλεως της Αιγυπτου· και εξηλθεν ο Ιωσηφ απ' εμπροσθεν του Φαραω, και διηλθεν ολην την γην της Αιγυπτου.

47 Και εκαρποφορησεν η γη πλουσιοπαροχως εις τα επτα ετη της αφθονιας·

48 και συνηγαγε πασας τας τροφας των επτα ετων των γενομενων εν τη γη της Αιγυπτου· και εναπεθεσε τας τροφας εν ταις πολεσι· τας τροφας των αγρων των περιξ εκαστης πολεως εθεσεν εν αυτη.

49 Και συνηγαγεν ο Ιωσηφ σιτον ως την αμμον της θαλασσης πολυν σφοδρα, ωστε επαυσε να μετρη αυτον· διοτι ητο αμετρητος.

50 Εγεννηθησαν δε δυο υιοι εις τον Ιωσηφ, πριν ελθωσι τα ετη της πεινης· τους οποιους εγεννησεν εις αυτον Ασενεθ, η θυγατηρ του Ποτιφερα ιερεως της Ων.

51 Και εκαλεσεν ο Ιωσηφ το ονομα του πρωτοτοκου Μανασση· διοτι ειπεν, Ο Θεος με εκαμε να λησμονησω παντας τους πονους μου και παντα τον οικον του πατρος μου.

52 Το δε ονομα του δευτερου εκαλεσεν Εφραιμ· διοτι ειπεν, Ο Θεος με ηυξησεν εν τη γη της θλιψεως μου.

53 Και παρηλθον τα επτα ετη της αφθονιας, της γενομενης εν τη γη της Αιγυπτου.

54 Και ηρχισαν να ερχωνται τα επτα ετη της πεινης, καθως ειπεν ο Ιωσηφ· και εγεινεν η πεινα εις παντας τους τοπους· καθ' ολην ομως την γην της Αιγυπτου ητο αρτος.

55 Και οτε επεινασε πασα η γη της Αιγυπτου, εβοησεν ο λαος προς τον Φαραω δια αρτον. Και ειπεν ο Φαραω προς παντας τους Αιγυπτιους, Υπαγετε προς τον Ιωσηφ· ο, τι σας ειπη, καμετε.

56 Και ητο η πεινα επι παν το προσωπον της γης. Ηνοιξε δε ο Ιωσηφ πασας τας αποθηκας και επωλει σιτον εις τους Αιγυπτιους· και η πεινα επεβαρυνεν επι την γην της Αιγυπτου.

57 Και παντες οι τοποι ηρχοντο εις την Αιγυπτον προς τον Ιωσηφ δια να αγοραζωσι σιτον· διοτι η πεινα επεβαρυνεν επι πασαν την γην.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Apocalypse Explained#655

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655. Where also our Lord was crucified.- That this signifies by means of which He was rejected and condemned, namely, by means of evils, and falsities therefrom springing from infernal love, is evident from this consideration, that evils themselves and their consequent falsities arising from infernal love are what reject and condemn the Lord, and these evils and the falsities therefrom are signified by Sodom and Egypt, therefore it is said concerning the city of Jerusalem that it is called so spiritually, for to be spiritually called signifies evil itself, and the falsity therefrom.

[2] The hells are separated into two kingdoms opposite the two kingdoms in the heavens; the kingdom opposite the celestial kingdom is at the back, and those who are there are called genii, and this kingdom is what is understood in the Word by "devil." But the kingdom opposite the spiritual kingdom is in front, and those who are there are called evil spirits; this kingdom is what is meant in the Word by "Satan." These hells, or these two kingdoms into which the hells are separated, are meant by Sodom and Egypt. Whether it is said evils and falsities therefrom, or those hells, it is the same thing, since from these all evils and falsities ascend.

[3] The Jews of Jerusalem crucifying the Lord signifies that the evils and the falsities therefrom which they loved crucified Him; for all things recorded in the Word concerning the Lord's passion represented the perverted state of the church with that nation. For although they accounted the Word holy, yet they perverted all things therein by their traditions until there was no longer any Divine Good and Truth remaining with them, and, when the Divine Good and Truth that are in the Word no longer remain, then evils and falsities from infernal love succeed in their place, and these are what crucify the Lord. That such things are signified by the Lord's passion, may be seen above (n. 83, 195:21, 627:16, at the end). The Lord is said to be slain because it signifies His being rejected and denied, as may be seen above (n. 328). Concerning the nature and quality of the Jews, see above (n. 122, 433:28, 619), and in the Doctrine of the New Jerusalem 248).

[4] Since it is here said "where our Lord was crucified," it shall be explained what crucifixion, or suspension upon wood, signified with the Jews. There were two punishments of death with them, crucifixion and stoning; and by crucifixion was signified condemnation and a curse on account of the destruction of good in the church, and by stoning was signified condemnation and a curse on account of the destruction of truth in the church. Crucifixion signified condemnation and a curse on account of the destruction of good in the church, because wood, upon which they were suspended, signified good, and, in the opposite sense, evil, both pertaining to the will. Stoning signified condemnation and a curse on account of the destruction of truth in the church, because stone, with which stoning was effected, signified truth, and, in the opposite sense falsity, both pertaining to the understanding. For all things instituted with the Israelitish and Jewish nation were representative, and thence significative. That wood signifies good, and, in the opposite sense, evil, and that stone signifies truth, and, in the opposite sense, falsity, may be seen in the Arcana Coelestia 643, 3720, 8354). But because it has been hitherto unknown whence the punishment of the cross and of stoning came to the Jews and Israelites, and since it is nevertheless important that this should be known, I will also adduce confirmations from the Word to show that these two punishments also were representative.

[5] That suspension upon wood, or crucifixion, was inflicted on account of the destruction of good in the church, and that thus was represented evil from infernal love, from which comes condemnation and a curse is evident from the following passages.

In Moses:

"If there be a stubborn and rebellious son, obeying not the voice of his father and mother, all the men of the city shall stone him with stones that he die. And if there be in a man sin and judgment of death, and he be slain, thou shalt hang him upon wood; his carcase shall not remain all night upon wood, but burying thou shalt bury him the same day; for he that is hanged is the curse of God, and thou shalt not defile thy land." (Deuteronomy 21:18, 20-23.)

Not obeying the voice of father and mother, signifies in the spiritual sense, to live contrary to the precepts and truths of the church; the punishment for it was therefore stoning. The men of the city who shall stone him signify those who are in the doctrine of the church, a city denoting doctrine. If there be in a man sin and judgment of death, thou shalt hang him upon wood, means if one has done evil against the good of the Word and of the church. Because this was a capital crime, he was to be hung upon wood, for wood, in the Word, signifies good, and in the opposite sense evil. His carcase shall not remain all night upon the wood, but thou shalt bury him the same day, signifies lest there be a representative of eternal damnation. Thou shalt not defile thy land, signifies that it would be a scandal to the church.

[6] In Lamentations:

"Our skins are become black as an oven, because of the storms of famine; they ravished the women in Zion, the virgins in the cities of Judah; their princes were hanged up by the hand, the faces of the elders are not honoured, the young men they have led away to grind, and the boys stumble under wood" (5:10-13).

Zion means the celestial church, which is in the good of love to the Lord; was represented by the Jewish nation. The virgins in the cities of Judah signify the affections for truth from the good of love; the perishing of truths from good by falsities from evil is signified by, their princes were hanged up by the hand. The faces of the elders which are not honoured signify the goods of wisdom; the young men who are led away to grind signify truths from good; and grinding signifies to acquire falsities and to confirm them from the Word; the boys who stumble under wood signify goods just springing up and perishing through evils.

[7] Since a baker, just as bread, signifies the good of love, and a butler, just as wine, signifies the truth of doctrine, therefore the baker was hanged on account of his crime against king Pharaoh. (Genesis 40:19-22; 41:13.) This may be seen explained in the Arcana Coelestia 5139-5169). Since Moab means those who adulterate the goods of the church, and Baalpeor signifies the adulteration of good, therefore it came to pass, that all the chiefs of the people were hung up before the sun, because the people committed whoredom with the daughters of Moab, and bowed themselves down to their gods, and joined themselves to Baalpeor (Numbers 25:1-4). To commit whoredom with the daughters of Moab signifies to adulterate the goods of the church; and to be hung up before the sun signifies condemnation and a curse on account of the destruction of the good of the church.

[8] Because Ai signified knowledges of good and in the opposite sense, confirmations of evil, therefore the king of Ai was hanged on wood, and afterwards thrown down at the entrance of the gate of the city, and the city itself was burned (Joshua 8:26-29). And because the five kings of the Amorites signified evils and falsities therefrom, destroying the goods and truths of the church, therefore those kings were hanged by Joshua, and afterwards cast into the cave of Makkedah (Joshua 10:26, 27). The cave of Makkedah signifies direful falsity from evil.

[9] To be hung upon wood, or crucified, signifies the punishment of evil destroying the good of the church, in Matthew Jesus said,

"I send unto you prophets, wise men, and scribes; some of them ye will kill, crucify, and scourge in the synagogues, and persecute them from city to city" (23:34).

All things which the Lord spoke He spoke from the Divine, but the Divine things from which He spoke fell into the ideas of natural thought and the resulting expressions according to correspondences, like those here and elsewhere in the Evangelists; and as all the words have a spiritual sense, therefore in that sense, prophets, wise men, and scribes, are not meant, but instead of them the truth and good of doctrine and of the Word. For spiritual thought and speech therefrom, like that of the angels, is without the idea of person, therefore by a prophet is signified the truth of doctrine, by wise men the good of doctrine, and by scribes the Word from which is doctrine. It therefore follows, that to kill has reference to the truth of the doctrine of the church, which is meant by a prophet, to crucify has reference to the good of doctrine, which is meant by a wise man, and to scourge has reference to the Word, which is meant by a scribe and that thus "to kill" signifies to extinguish, "to crucify" to destroy, and "to scourge" to pervert. That they will wander from one falsity of doctrine to another is signified by persecuting them from city to city, a city denoting doctrine. This is the spiritual sense of the above words.

[10] In the same,

Jesus said unto the disciples that He must suffer at Jerusalem, and that the Son of Man must be delivered to the chief priests and scribes, and that "they shall condemn him, and deliver him up to the nations to be mocked, to be scourged, and to be crucified, and that on the third day he shall rise again" (Matthew 20:18, 19; Mark 10:32-34).

The spiritual sense of these words is, that Divine Truth, in the church where mere falsities of doctrine and evils of life reign, shall be blasphemed, its truth perverted, and its good destroyed. The Son of Man signifies Divine Truth, which is the Word, and Jerusalem signifies the church where mere falsities and evils reign. The chief priests and scribes signify the adulterations of good and falsifications of truth, both of them from infernal love. By condemning and delivering Him to the nations is signified to relegate Divine Truth and Divine Good to hell, and to deliver them to the evils and falsities which are therefrom, the nations signifying the evils which are from hell and which destroy the goods of the church. To be mocked, to be scourged, and to be crucified, signifies to blaspheme, falsify, and pervert the truth, and to adulterate and destroy the good of the church and of the Word (as above). And the third day He shall rise again, signifies the complete glorification of the Lord's Human.

[11] From these things it is evident what is signified in the spiritual sense by the crucifixion of the Lord, also what is signified by the various mockings on that occasion, as that they set a crown of thorns upon His head; that they smote Him with a reed, and that they spat in His face, besides other things related in the Evangelists, signifying that the Jewish nation thus impiously treated the Divine Truth and Good itself, which the Lord was. For the Lord suffered the impious state of that church to be represented in Himself; this also was signified by His bearing their iniquities (Isaiah 53:11). For it was a common thing for a prophet to take upon himself the representation of the impious states of the church. Thus the prophet Isaiah was commanded to go naked and barefoot three years, in order to represent the church as destitute of good and truth (Isaiah 20:3, 4). The prophet Ezekiel bound in cords laid siege against a tile, on which Jerusalem was portrayed, and ate a cake of barley made with the dung of an ox, to represent that the truth and good of the church were thus besieged by falsities and polluted by evils (Ezekiel 4:1-13). The prophet Hosea was commanded to take to himself a harlot for a woman, and children of whoredoms, in order to represent what was then the quality of the church (Hosea 1:1-11); besides other things of a similar nature. That this was bearing the iniquities of the house of Israel or the church is openly declared in Ezekiel (chap. 4:5, 6). From these things it is evident that everything recorded concerning the Lord's passion was representative of the state of the church with the Jewish nation at that time.

[12] Thus much concerning the punishment of suspension upon wood, or crucifixion. It does not belong to this place to confirm from the Word that the other punishment of death, which was stoning, signified condemnation and a curse on account of the destruction of the truth of the church, still it is evident from the passages in the Word where stoning is mentioned, as in Exodus 21:28-33; Leviticus 24:10-17, 23; Numbers 15:32-37; Deuteronomy 13:10; 17:5-7; 22:20, 21, 24; Ezekiel 16:39-41; 23:45-47; Matthew 23:37; Luke 13:34; 20:6; John 8:7; 10:31, 32; and elsewhere.

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.