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Εξοδος πλήθους第18章

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1 Ηκουσε δε ο Ιοθορ, ο ιερευς της Μαδιαμ, ο πενθερος του Μωυσεως, παντα οσα εκαμεν ο Θεος εις τον Μωυσην και εις τον Ισραηλ τον λαον αυτου, οτι εξηγαγεν ο Κυριος τον Ισραηλ εξ Αιγυπτου.

2 Και ελαβεν ο Ιοθορ, ο πενθερος του Μωυσεως, Σεπφωραν την γυναικα του Μωυσεως, την οποιαν ειχε πεμψει οπισω,

3 και τους δυο αυτης υιους, εκ των οποιων του ενος το ονομα ητο Γηρσωμ, Διοτι παροικος, ειπεν, εσταθην εν ξενη γη·

4 του δε αλλου το ονομα Ελιεζερ, Διοτι ο Θεος, ειπε, του πατρος μου εσταθη βοηθος μου και με εσωσεν εκ της μαχαιρας του Φαραω·

5 και ηλθεν ο Ιοθορ ο πενθερος του Μωυσεως προς τον Μωυσην μετα των υιων αυτου και μετα της γυναικος αυτου εις την ερημον, οπου ητο εστρατοπεδευμενος εις το ορος του Θεου·

6 και ανηγγειλε προς τον Μωυσην, Εγω Ιοθορ ο πενθερος σου ερχομαι προς σε και η γυνη σου και οι δυο υιοι αυτης μετ' αυτης.

7 Και εξηλθεν ο Μωυσης εις συναντησιν του πενθερου αυτου και προσεκυνησεν αυτον και εφιλησεν αυτον· και ηρωτησαν ο εις τον αλλον περι της υγειας αυτων, και εισηλθον εις την σκηνην.

8 Και διηγηθη ο Μωυσης προς τον πενθερον αυτου παντα οσα ο Κυριος εκαμεν εις τον Φαραω και εις τους Αιγυπτιους υπερ του Ισραηλ, παντας τους μοχθους οιτινες συνεβησαν εις αυτους καθ' οδον, και ηλευθερωσεν αυτους ο Κυριος.

9 Υπερεχαρη δε ο Ιοθορ δια παντα τα αγαθα οσα ο Κυριος εκαμεν εις τον Ισραηλ, τον οποιον ηλευθερωσεν εκ χειρος των Αιγυπτιων.

10 Και ειπεν ο Ιοθορ, Ευλογητος Κυριος, οστις σας ηλευθερωσεν εκ χειρος των Αιγυπτιων και εκ χειρος του Φαραω· οστις ηλευθερωσε τον λαον υποκατωθεν της χειρος των Αιγυπτιων·

11 τωρα γνωριζω οτι ο Κυριος ειναι μεγας υπερ παντας τους θεους· διοτι εις το πραγμα, εις το οποιον υπερηφανευθησαν, εσταθη ανωτερος αυτων.

12 Ελαβεν επειτα ο Ιοθορ, ο πενθερος του Μωυσεως, ολοκαυτωματα και θυσιας δια να προσφερη εις τον Θεον· και ηλθεν ο Ααρων, και παντες οι πρεσβυτεροι του Ισραηλ, να φαγωσιν αρτον μετα του πενθερου του Μωυσεως, εμπροσθεν του Θεου.

13 Και την επαυριον εκαθισεν ο Μωυσης δια να κρινη τον λαον. και παριστατο ο λαος εμπροσθεν του Μωυσεως απο πρωιας εως εσπερας.

14 Και ιδων ο πενθερος του Μωυσεως παντα οσα εκαμνεν εις τον λαον, ειπε, Τι ειναι τουτο το πραγμα, το οποιον καμνεις εις τον λαον; δια τι συ καθησαι μονος, απας δε ο λαος παρισταται εμπροσθεν σου απο πρωιας εως εσπερας;

15 Και ειπεν ο Μωυσης προς τον πενθερον αυτου, διοτι ο λαος ερχεται προς εμε δια να ερωτηση τον Θεον·

16 οταν εχωσιν υποθεσιν τινα, ερχονται προς εμε και εγω κρινω μεταξυ του ενος και του αλλου· και δεικνυω εις αυτους τα προσταγματα του Θεου και τους νομους αυτου.

17 Και ειπεν ο πενθερος του Μωυσεως προς αυτον, Δεν ειναι καλον το πραγμα, το οποιον καμνεις·

18 βεβαιως και συ θελεις αποκαμει και ο λαος ουτος ο μετα σου· διοτι το πραγμα ειναι πολυ βαρυ δια σε· δεν δυνασαι μονος να καμνης τουτο.

19 Ακουσον λοιπον την φωνην μου· θελω σε συμβουλευσει και ο Θεος θελει εισθαι μετα σου· συ μεν εσο ενωπιον του Θεου υπερ του λαου, δια να αναφερης τας υποθεσεις προς τον Θεον·

20 και διδασκε αυτους τα προσταγματα και τους νομους και δεικνυε προς αυτους την οδον εις την οποιαν πρεπει να περιπατωσι, και τα εργα τα οποια πρεπει να πραττωσι·

21 πλην εκλεξον εκ παντος του λαου ανδρας αξιους, φοβουμενους τον Θεον, ανδρας φιλαληθεις, μισουντας την φιλαργυριαν· και καταστησον αυτους επ' αυτων χιλιαρχους, εκατονταρχους, πεντηκονταρχους και δεκαρχους·

22 και ας κρινωσι τον λαον παντοτε· και πασαν μεν μεγαλην υποθεσιν ας αναφερωσι προς σε· πασαν δε μικραν υποθεσιν ας κρινωσιν αυτοι· ουτω θελεις ανακουφισθη, και θελουσι βασταζει το βαρος μετα σου.

23 εαν καμης τουτο το πραγμα και ο Θεος σε προσταζη ουτω, τοτε θελεις δυνηθη να ανθεξης, και προσετι πας ο λαος ουτος θελει φθασει εις τον τοπον αυτου εν ειρηνη.

24 Και ηκουσεν ο Μωυσης την φωνην του πενθερου αυτου και εκαμε παντα οσα ειπε.

25 Και εκλεξεν ο Μωυσης εκ παντος του Ισραηλ ανδρας αξιους και κατεστησεν αυτους αρχηγους επι του λαου, χιλιαρχους, εκατονταρχους, πεντηκονταρχους και δεκαρχους·

26 και εκρινον τον λαον εν παντι καιρω· τας μεν υποθεσεις τας δυσκολους ανεφερον προς τον Μωυσην, πασαν δε μικραν υποθεσιν εκρινον αυτοι.

27 Επειτα προεπεμψεν ο Μωυσης τον πενθερον αυτου και απηλθεν εις την γην αυτου.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#8700

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8700. 'For the task is too heavy for you' means that it is not possible because it does not arise from true order. This is clear from the meaning of 'heavy task' as something not possible. The meaning of 'heavy burden' here as something not possible is clear from what comes before, where it says that he and the people with him would wither away, meaning that the truth which had been implanted was going to perish, and also from what comes after - 'You are not able to do it yourself alone', and later on in verse 23, 'If you do this thing, you are able to stand fast' - by which impossibility if no change takes place is meant.

[2] The reason why it is not possible because it does not arise from true order is that in the next life everything is possible which arises from order, and everything is impossible which does not arise from order. Divine Truth, which emanates from the Lord, is what makes order, indeed is order. Consequently everything that is in keeping with Divine Truth, being in keeping with order, is possible; and everything that is contrary to Divine Truth, being contrary to order, is impossible. Let some examples serve to show plainly that this is so. It is in keeping with order that people who have led good lives will be saved, and those who have led bad ones will be condemned. Therefore it is impossible to send to hell those who have led good lives, or to raise to heaven those who have led bad ones. Consequently it is impossible for those in hell to be brought, by the Lord's pure mercy, out of there into heaven and to be saved. For it is the acceptance of the Lord's mercy when they lived in the world that saves everyone. Those who accept it in the world are open to the Lord's mercy in the next life, for there they have the ability to accept it. Imparting it to others, and doing so at will to all and sundry provided that they possess faith and so believe they have been cleansed from sins, is impossible because it is contrary to true order, that is, contrary to the Divine, who is order.

[3] It is in keeping with order that faith and charity should be implanted in freedom and not under compulsion, and that faith and charity that has been implanted in freedom should remain, but not if implanted under compulsion. The reason for this is that when they are implanted in freedom they are instilled into the person's affection and so into his will, and are accordingly made his own, but not so if they are implanted under compulsion. Consequently it is impossible for a person to be saved unless, having been born in evil, he is left in freedom to do evil or to refrain from it. When with that freedom he refrains of his own accord from evil, an affection for truth and goodness is instilled by the Lord; and this gives him freedom to receive insights belonging to faith and desires belonging to charity; for freedom exists as a result of affection. From this it is evident that it is impossible for a person to be saved under compulsion; were it possible all people in the world would be saved.

[4] It is in keeping with order in the next life for all to be formed into different communities according to the life they acquired in the world, the evil living in association with the evil, and the good with the good. It is not possible therefore for the evil and the good to be together, nor is it possible for the evil to be governed by good; for good and evil are opposites and one destroys the other. From this it is also evident that it is not possible for those in hell to be saved, so that salvation by mercy alone, regardless of the life a person has been leading, is an impossibility. Those who are in hell and suffer torment there attribute the torments there to the Divine. They say that since the Divine is all-powerful He is able, if He is willing, to take their torment away, but that He is not willing, and that for this reason He is responsible for it. For they say that he who is able yet unwilling to take it away is the one who is responsible for it. But it is impossible for such things to be taken away because that is contrary to order. If they were taken away the evil would rise up against the good; they would overpower the angels themselves and destroy heaven. But the Divine desires only what is good, that is to say, the happiness of those who are good, and those torments only because they restrain and at the same time correct the wicked. Since this is the end in view, being the end that Divine Love and Mercy itself has in view, it is not possible for the torments suffered by those in hell to be taken away. From these examples it becomes clear that everything is impossible which is contrary to order, however possible it may seem to be to those unacquainted with the arcana of heaven.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.