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Tredje Mosebog第5章

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1 Hvis nogen, når han hører en Forbandelse udtale, synder ved at undlade at vidne, skønt han var Øjenvidne eller på anden Måde kender Sagen, og således pådrager sig Skyld,

2 eller hvis nogen, uden at det er ham vitterligt, rører ved noget urent, hvad enten det nu er et Ådsel af et urent vildt Dyr eller af urent Kvæg eller urent Kryb, og han opdager det og bliver sig sin Skyld bevidst,

3 eller når han, uden at det er ham vitterligt, rører ved Urenhed hos et Menneske, Urenhed af en hvilken som helst Art, hvorved man bliver uren, og han opdager det og bliver sig sin Skyld bevidst,

4 eller når nogen, uden at det er ham vitterligt, med sine Læber aflægger en uoverlagt Ed på at ville gøre noget, godt eller ondt, hvad nu et Menneske kan aflægge en uoverlagt Ed på, og han opdager det og bliver sig sin Skyld bevidst i et af disse Tilfælde,

5 så skal han, når han bliver sig sin Skyld bevidst i et af disse Tilfælde, bekende det, han har forsyndet sig med,

6 og til Bod for den Synd, han har begået, bringe HE EN et Hundyr af Småkvæget, et Får eller en Ged, som Syndoffer; da skal Præsten skaffe ham Soning for hans Synd.

7 Men hvis han ikke evner at give et Stykke Småkvæg, skal han til Bod for sin Synd bringe HE EN to Turtelduer eller Dueunger, EN som Syndoffer og EN som Brændoffer.

8 Han skal bringe dem til Præsten, og Præsten skal først frembære den, der skal bruges til Syndoffer; han skal knække Halsen på den ved Nakken uden at rive Hovedet helt af

9 og stænke noget af Syndofferets Blod på Alterets Side, medens esten af Blodet skal udpresses ved Alterets Fod. Det er et Syndoffer.

10 Men den anden skal han ofre som Brændoffer på den foreskrevne Måde; da skal Præsten skaffe ham Soning for den Synd, han har begået, så han finder Tilgivelse.

11 Men hvis han ej heller evner at give to Turtelduer eller Dueunger, skal han som Offergave for sin Synd bringe en Tiendedel Efa fint Hvedemel til Syndoffer, men han må ikke hælde Olie derover eller komme øgelse derpå, thi det er et Syndoffer.

12 Han skal bringe det til Præsten, og Præsten skal tage en Håndfuld deraf, det, som skal ofres deraf, og bringe det som øgoffer på Alteret oven på HE ENs Ildofre. Det er et Syndoffer.

13 Da skal Præsten skaffe ham Soning for den Synd, han har begået på en af de nævnte Måder, så han finder Tilgivelse. esten skal tilfalde Præsten på samme Måde som Afgrødeofferet.

14 HE EN talede fremdeles til Moses og sagde:

15 Når nogen gør sig skyldig i Svig og af Vanvare forsynder sig mod HE ENs Helliggaver, skal han til Bod derfor som Skyldoffer bringe HE EN en lydefri Væder af Småkvæget, der er vurderet til mindst to Sølvsekel efter hellig Vægt;

16 og han skal give Erstatning for, hvad han har forsyndet sig med over for det hellige, med Tillæg af en Femtedel af Værdien. Han skal give Præsten det, og Præsten skal skaffe ham Soning ved Skyldoffervæderen, så han finder Tilgivelse.

17 Når nogen, uden at det er ham vitterligt, synder ved at overtræde et af HE ENs Forbud, så han bliver skyldig og pådrager sig Skyld,

18 da skal han af Småkvæget bringe en lydefri Væder, der er taget god, som Skyldoffer til Præsten, og Præsten skal skaffe ham Soning for den uforsætlige Synd, han har begået, uden at den var ham vitterlig, så han finder Tilgivelse.

19 Det er et Skyldoffer; han har pådraget sig Skyld over for HE EN.

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#9506

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9506. 'And you shall make a mercy-seat from pure gold' means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship arising from the good of love. This is clear from the meaning of 'the mercy-seat' as the cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins, consequently the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'gold' as the good of love, dealt with in 113, 1551, 1552, 5658, 6914. The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins is clear from those places in the Word where propitiation or expiation is referred to. 1 The reason why the hearing and reception of all things belonging to worship is also meant is that only those who have made propitiation or expiation, that is, been cleansed from evils, are heard by the Lord and have their worship accepted by Him; it does not happen with those who are steeped in evils, that is, have not made expiation or propitiation. Therefore also Aaron was not allowed to approach the mercy-seat until he had been cleansed and had made propitiation for himself and the people.

[2] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' consequently means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship is also clear from the consideration that Jehovah spoke to Moses over the mercy-seat between the cherubs. The reason why worship arising from the good of love is that which is received is that no one is allowed to enter heaven and so approach the Lord other than a person who is governed by good, that is to say, by the good of love to the Lord and the good of charity towards the neighbour, see 8516, 8539, 8722, 8772, 9139, 9227, 9230, 9274; no one else is heard nor can anyone else's worship be received. This also explains why there were cherubs over the mercy-seat; for watchfulness and providence are meant by 'the cherubs', guarding against access to the Lord except through the good of love, that is, guarding against entrance into heaven by any apart from those who are governed by good, and also guarding against those in hell gaining access to the inhabitants of heaven and doing them harm. All this shows what was meant by the presence of the mercy-seat over the ark and by that of the cherubs over the mercy-seat, and by the fact that the mercy-seat and the cherubs too were made from pure gold; for 'gold' means the good of love, and 'the ark' heaven where the Lord is.

[3] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils, and so the forgiveness of sins, is clear from places in the Word where 'propitiation' or 'expiation' 2 is referred to, as in David,

O Jehovah, expiate our sins for Your name's sake. Psalms 79:9.

In the same author,

He, being merciful, has expiated iniquity. Psalms 78:38.

In the same author,

You will expiate me with hyssop and I shall become clean; You will wash me and I shall be made whiter than snow. Psalms 51:7.

In Isaiah,

Evil will come upon you, which you will not know how to ward off; calamity will befall you, which you will not be able to expiate. Isaiah 47:11.

And in Moses,

Sing, O nations, the people of Him who will avenge the blood of His servants, and will expiate His land, His people. Deuteronomy 32:43.

[4] Expiations were effected by means of sacrifices; and it says that when they were offered the priest would expiate him from sin, and he would be pardoned, 3 Leviticus 4:26, 31, 35; 5:6, 10, 13, 16, 18; 6:7; 9:7; 15:15, 30. Expiation was also effected by 'silver', Exodus 30:16; Psalms 49:7. Hence also the day of expiations 4 before the feast of tabernacles, Leviticus 23:27-32. But it should be recognized that none of those expiations constituted a real cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins; it only represented it. For every religious observance among the Israelite and Jewish nation was merely representative of the Lord, His kingdom and Church, and such realities as belong to heaven and the Church. How representations brought such realities to angels' awareness in heaven, see 9229.

[5] Since the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins was meant by 'the mercy-seat', the hearing and reception of all things that belonged to worship was also meant; for one who has been cleansed from evils is heard and his worship is received. This was represented by Jehovah's speaking above the mercy-seat to Moses and His commanding what the children of Israel should do, as is clear from verse 22 of the present chapter, where it says,

And I will meet with you there, and I will speak to you from above the mercy-seat, from between the two cherubs which are over the ark of the Testimony, [declaring] everything that I shall command you for the children of Israel.

The like occurs elsewhere,

Whenever Moses spoke to Jehovah he heard the voice speaking from above the mercy-seat that was over the ark of the Testimony, from between the two cherubs. Numbers 7:89.

The fact that a person was heard and his worship was received when he had been cleansed from evils was represented by Aaron's not going into the holy place within the veil before the mercy-seat unless he had first made expiation for himself and the people, by ceremonial washing, sacrifices, incense, and blood, as stated in Leviticus 16:2-16, which concludes,

In this way he shall expiate the holy place from the uncleannesses of the children of Israel, and from their transgressions in regard of all their sins.

It also says in verse 2 that Jehovah would appear at the mercy-seat 'in the cloud', meaning in Divine Truth adjusted to people's ability to receive and understand it, such as the Word is in the sense of the letter, 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343 (end), 6752, 8106, 8443, 8781.

脚注:

1. The Latin word propitiatorium rendered the mercy-seat may be translated more literally as the place of propitiation.

2. The Hebrew verb behind expiate, used in an uncommon way in the following quotations, means cover over. The Latin verb generally means atone for or purify what is defiled.

3. i.e. the priest shall make atonement for the person's sin, and the person will stand forgiven

4. Generally known as the day of atonement

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.