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Ezechiel第20章

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1 Tedy stalo se léta sedmého, a dne desátého, pátého měsíce, přišli někteří z starších Izraelských raditi se s Hospodinem, a posadili se přede mnou.

2 Tehdy stalo se slovo Hospodinovo ke mně, řkoucí:

3 Synu člověčí, mluv k starším Izraelským a rci jim: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Zdali, abyste se se mnou radili, vy přicházíte? Živ jsem já, že vy se neradíte se mnou, dí Panovník Hospodin.

4 Zdali jich zastávati budeš? Zdali zastávati budeš, synu člověčí? Oznam jim ohavnosti otců jejich,

5 A rci jim: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: V ten den, v kterýž jsem zvolil Izraele, zdvihl jsem ruku svou semeni domu Jákobova, a v známost jsem se uvedl jim v zemi Egyptské; zdvihlť jsem jim ruku svou, řka: Já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš.

6 V ten den zdvihl jsem jim ruku svou, že je vyvedu z země Egyptské do země, kterouž jsem jim obhlédl, tekoucí mlékem a strdí, jenž jest okrasa všech jiných zemí.

7 A řekl jsem jim: Jeden každý ohavnosti očí svých zavrzte, a ukydanými bohy Egyptskými se nepoškvrňujte, nebo já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš.

8 Ale zpurně se postavovali proti mně, aniž mne chtěli slyšeti, aniž kdo ohavnosti očí svých zavrhl, a ukydaných bohů Egyptských nezanechali.Protož jsem řekl: Vyleji prchlivost svou na ně, a vyplním hněv svůj na nich u prostřed země Egyptské.

9 A však učinil jsem pro jméno své, aby nebylo zlehčeno před očima těch národů, mezi nimiž byli, před jejichž očima jsem se jim v známost uvedl, že je chci vyvesti z země Egyptské.

10 Takž jsem je vyvedl z země Egyptské, a přivedl jsem je na poušť,

11 A dal jsem jim ustanovení svá, a soudy své v známost jsem jim uvedl, ješto činil-li by je kdo, jistě že by živ byl skrze ně.

12 Nadto i soboty své vydal jsem jim, aby byly na znamení mezi mnou a mezi nimi, aby znali, že já Hospodin jsem posvětitel jejich.

13 Ale dům Izraelský zpurně se postavovali proti mně na poušti, v ustanoveních mých nechodili, a soudy mými pohrdli, ješto činil-li by je kdo, jistě že by živ byl skrze ně; též soboty mé poškvrnili náramně. Pročež jsem řekl: Že vyleji prchlivost svou na ně na poušti, abych je docela vyhladil.

14 Ale učinil jsem pro jméno své, aby nebylo zlehčeno před očima těch národů, před jejichž očima jsem je vyvedl.

15 A však i já také přisáhl jsem jim na té poušti, že jich neuvedu do země, kterouž jsem byl dal, tekoucí mlékem a strdí, jenž jest okrasa všech jiných zemí,

16 Proto že soudy mými pohrdli, a v ustanoveních mých nechodili, a soboty mé poškvrnili, a že za ukydanými bohy jejich srdce jejich chodí.

17 Však odpustilo jim oko mé, tak že jsem jich nezahladil, a neučinil jim konce na poušti.

18 A řekl jsem synům jejich na též poušti: V ustanoveních otců svých nechoďte, a soudů jejich neostříhejte, a ukydanými bohy jejich se nepoškvrňujte.

19 Já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš, v ustanoveních mých choďte, a soudů mých ostříhejte, a čiňte je.

20 Též soboty mé svěťte, i budou na znamení mezi mnou a vámi, aby známé bylo, že já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš.

21 Ale zpurně se měli ke mně ti synové, v ustanoveních mých nechodili, a soudů mých nešetřili, aby je činili, (ješto činil-li by je kdo, jistě že by živ byl skrze ně), i soboty mé poškvrnili. I řekl jsem: Že vyleji prchlivost svou na ně, abych vyplnil hněv svůj na nich na té poušti.

22 Ale odvrátil jsem zase ruku svou; což jsem učinil pro jméno své, aby nebylo zlehčeno před očima těch národů, před jejichž očima jsem je vyvedl.

23 Také i těm přisáhl jsem na poušti, že je rozptýlím mezi pohany, a že je rozženu po krajinách,

24 Proto že soudů mých nečinili, a ustanoveními mými pohrdli, a soboty mé poškvrnili, a že k ukydaným bohům otců svých zření měli.

25 Pročež já také dal jsem jim ustanovení nedobrá, a soudy, skrze něž nebudou živi.

26 A poškvrnil jsem jich s jejich dary, (proto že provodili všecko, což otvírá život), abych je zkazil, aby poznali, že já jsem Hospodin.

27 Protož mluv k domu Izraelskému, synu člověčí, a rci jim: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Ještě i tímto rouhali se mi otcové vaši, dopouštějíce se proti mně přestoupení,

28 Že, když jsem je uvedl do země, o kteréž jsem přisáhl, že jim ji dám, kdež spatřili který pahrbek vysoký, aneb které dřevo husté, hned tu obětovali oběti své, a tu dávali popouzející dary své, tu kladli i vůni svou příjemnou, a tu obětovali mokré oběti své.

29 A ačkoli jsem říkal jim: Což jest ta výsost, kamž vy chodíváte? ale ona slove výsostí až do tohoto dne.

30 Protož rci domu Izraelskému: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Cestou-liž otců vašich vy se máte poškvrňovati, a s ohavnostmi jejich máte smilniti?

31 Též přinášejíce dary své, vodíce syny své skrze oheň, máte-liž se poškvrňovati při všech ukydaných bozích vašich až do tohoto dne, a ode mne vždy rady hledati, ó dome Izraelský? Živť jsem já, dí Panovník Hospodin, že vy se nebudete mne více raditi.

32 To pak, což jste sobě v mysli uložili, nikoli se nestane, že říkáte: Budeme jako jiní národové, jako čeledi jiných zemí, sloužíce dřevu a kameni.

33 Živ jsem já, praví Panovník Hospodin, že rukou silnou a ramenem vztaženým, a prchlivostí vylitou kralovati budu nad vámi.

34 Vyvedu vás zajisté z národů, a shromáždím vás z zemí, do nichž jste rozptýleni, rukou silnou a ramenem vztaženým, i prchlivostí vylitou.

35 A vodě vás po poušti těch národů, souditi se budu s vámi tam tváří v tvář.

36 Tak jako jsem se soudil s otci vašimi na poušti země Egyptské, tak se budu souditi s vámi, praví Panovník Hospodin.

37 A proženu vás pod hůl, abych vás uvedl do závazku smlouvy.

38 Ale ty, jenž se mi zprotivili a zpronevěřili, vymísím z vás; z země, v níž pohostinu jsou, vyvedu je, do země však Izraelské nevejdou. I zvíte, že já jsem Hospodin.

39 Vy tedy, ó dome Izraelský, takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Jdětež, služte každý ukydaným bohům svým i napotom, poněvadž neposloucháte mne, a jména mého svatého nepoškvrňujte více dary svými, a ukydanými bohy svými.

40 Nebo na hoře mé svaté, na hoře vysoké Izraelské, dí Panovník Hospodin, tam mi sloužiti budou všecken dům Izraelský, což jich koli bude v té zemi. Tam je laskavě přijmu, a tam vyhledávati budu od vás obětí vzhůru pozdvižení i prvotin darů vašich, se všemi svatými věcmi vašimi.

41 S vůní libou laskavě vás přijmu, když vás vyvedu z národů, a shromáždím vás z těch zemí, do nichž jste rozptýleni byli, a tak posvěcen budu v vás před očima těch národů.

42 I poznáte, že já jsem Hospodin, když vás uvedu do země Izraelské, do země té, o kteréž jsem přisáhl, že ji dám otcům vašim.

43 A tu se rozpomenete na cesty své a na všecky činy své, jimiž jste se poškvrňovali, tak že sami se býti hodné ošklivosti uznáte, pro všecky nešlechetnosti vaše, kteréž jste činívali.

44 Tu poznáte, že já jsem Hospodin, když vám to učiním pro jméno své, ne podlé cest vašich zlých, ani podlé činů vašich porušených, dome Izraelský, praví Panovník Hospodin.

45 I stalo se slovo Hospodinovo ke mně, řkoucí:

46 Synu člověčí, obrať tvář svou k straně polední, a vypusť jako rosu na poledne, a prorokuj proti lesu toho pole, kteréž jest na poledne.

47 A rci lesu polednímu: Slyš slovo Hospodinovo: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Aj, já zanítím v tobě oheň, kterýž sežere v tobě každé dřevo zelené i každé dřevo suché; nezhasneť plamen přeprudký, a budou jím opáleny všecky tváře od poledne až na půlnoci.

48 I uzří všeliké tělo, že jsem já Hospodin zapálil jej; nezhasneť.

49 I řekl jsem: Ach, Panovníče Hospodine, oni mi říkají: Však tento v přísloví nám toliko mluví.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#5620

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5620. 'A little resin and a little honey' means the truths of exterior natural good, and the delight that goes with these. This is clear from the meaning of 'resin' as the truth of good, which is truth derived from good, dealt with in 4748. The reason 'resin' has this meaning is that it belongs among unguent like substances and also among aromatic ones. Aromatic substances mean those kinds of entities that belong to truth derived from good, the more so when those substances also resemble unguents and consequently have oil among their ingredients; for 'oil' means good, 886, 3728, 4582. Since this resin was aromatic, see Genesis 37:25, the same word in the original language also means balm; it was also, it is clear, unguent-like or thick with oil. From this one may now see that 'resin' means the truth of good present in the natural, in this case in the exterior natural since 'resin' is mentioned first, then 'honey', meaning the delight there, is added. 'Honey' means delight because it is sweet and everything sweet in the natural world corresponds to some delight or pleasure in the spiritual world. The reason for the use of the expression 'the delight that goes with this' - that is to say, with truth derived from good present in the exterior natural - is that every truth, and more so every truth of good, possesses its own delight. But that delight springs from an affection for such truths and consequently for the use they serve.

[2] The fact that 'honey' means delight may be seen also from other places in the Word, as in Isaiah,

A virgin will conceive and bear a son, and will call His name Immanuel (God with us). Butter and honey will He eat that He may know to refuse the evil and choose the good. Isaiah 7:14-15.

This refers to the Lord. 'Butter' stands for what is celestial, 'honey' for what is derived from the celestial.

[3] In the same prophet,

It will be, because of the abundance of the milk which they give, that he will eat butter; both butter and honey will everyone eat that is left in the midst of the land. Isaiah 7:22.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom. 'Milk' stands for spiritual good, 'butter' for celestial good, and 'honey' for what is derived from these, namely happiness, pleasure, and delight.

[4] In Ezekiel,

Thus were you adorned with gold and silver, and your robes were fine linen, and silk, and embroidered cloth. You ate fine flour, and honey, and oil; therefore you became extremely beautiful, and attained to a kingdom. With fine flour, oil, and honey I fed you; but you set this before them as a pacifying odour. Ezekiel 16:13, 19.

This refers to Jerusalem, by which the spiritual Church is meant; it describes what that Church was like among the Ancients, and what it came to be like after that. Its adornment with gold and silver is the furnishment of it with celestial and spiritual good and truth. Its robes of fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth stand for truths present in the rational and in both parts of the natural. 'Fine flour' stands for what is spiritual, 'honey' for the pleasure accompanying this, and 'oil' for the good that goes with it. The fact that all these, each one, mean things of a heavenly nature may be recognized by anyone.

[5] In the same prophet,

Judah and the land of Israel were your traders in wheat of minnith and pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm. Ezekiel 27:17.

This refers to Tyre, by which is meant the spiritual Church, what it was like initially and what it came to be like subsequently so far as cognitions of good and truth were concerned, 1201. Also, 'honey' in this quotation stands for the pleasure and delight gained from affections for knowing and learning about celestial and spiritual forms of goodness and truth.

[6] In Moses,

He causes 1 him to ride over the heights of the land and He feeds [him] with the produce of the fields; he causes him to suck honey out of the crag, and oil out of the stony rock. Deuteronomy 32:13.

This too refers to the spiritual Ancient Church. 'Sucking honey from the crag' stands for the delight taken in factual knowledge that holds truths within it.

[7] In David,

I feed them with the fat of wheat, and with honey out of the rock I satisfy them. Psalms 81:16.

'Satisfying with honey out of the rock' stands for the delight gained from the truths of faith.

[8] In Deuteronomy,

Jehovah is bringing you to a good land, a land of rivers of water, springs, and depths gushing out of valleys and mountains; a land of wheat and barley, and vines, and fig trees, and pomegranates; a land of olive oil and honey. Deuteronomy 8:7-8.

This refers to the land of Canaan, in the internal sense to the Lord's kingdom in heaven. 'A land of olive oil and honey' stands for spiritual good and the pleasure that goes with it.

[9] For the same reason the land of Canaan is called 'a land flowing with milk and honey', Numbers 13:27; 14:7-8; Deuteronomy 26:9, 15; 27:3; Jeremiah 11:5; 32:22; Ezekiel 20:6. In these places 'the land of Canaan' is used, as has been stated, to mean in the internal sense the Lord's kingdom. 'Flowing with milk' stands for an abundance of celestial-spiritual things, while 'honey' stands for an abundance of forms of happiness and delight received from these.

[10] In David,

The judgements of Jehovah are truth; they are righteous altogether - more desirable than gold, and much fine gold; and sweeter than honey and what drops from honeycombs. Psalms 19:9-10.

'The judgements of Jehovah' stands for Divine truth, 'sweeter than honey and what drops from honeycombs' for the delights received from good and the pleasures received from truth. In the same author,

Sweet are Your words to my taste, 2 more than honey to my mouth. Psalms 119:103.

Here the meaning is similar.

[11] The manna which the descendants of Jacob received in the wilderness as their bread is described in Moses as follows,

The manna was like coriander seed, white, and its taste was like wafers made with honey. Exodus 16:31.

Because 'the manna' meant the Divine truth which came down from the Lord by way of heaven, it is the Lord's own Divine Human, as He Himself teaches in John 6:51, 58. For the Lord's Divine Human is the source from which every truth that is Divine springs; indeed it is what every truth that is Divine has reference to. This being so, the manna, the taste of which gave delight and pleasure, is described as being 'like wafers made with honey' - 'taste' being the delight which good provides and the pleasure that truth affords, see 3502.

[12] Because John the Baptist represented the Lord as to the Word, which is Divine Truth on the earth - in the same way as Elijah had represented Him, 2762, 5247(end), making him the Elijah who was to come ahead of the Lord, Malachi 4:5; Matthew 17:10-12; Mark 9:11-13; Luke 1:17 - his clothing and food were therefore meaningful signs. They are described in Matthew as follows,

John had a garment of camel hair and a skin girdle around his waist; his food was locusts and wild honey. Matthew 3:4; Mark 1:6.

'A garment of camel hair' was a sign of what the literal sense of the Word is like so far as truth there is concerned. That sense - the natural sense - serves as a garment for the internal sense; for 'hair' and also 'camels' mean what is natural. Food consisting of 'locusts and wild honey' was a sign of what the literal sense is like so far as good there is concerned, the delight belonging to that good being meant by 'wild honey'.

[13] In addition the delight afforded by Divine truth as this exists in the external sense is described by 'honey', in Ezekiel,

He said to me, Son of man, feed your stomach and fill your inward parts with this scroll that I am giving you. And when I ate it, it was in my mouth like honey as regards sweetness. Ezekiel 3:3.

And in John,

The angel said to me, Take the little book and eat it up; it will indeed make your stomach bitter, but in your mouth it will be sweet as honey. I therefore took the little book out of the angel's hand and ate it up, and it was in my mouth like sweet honey. But when I had eaten it, my stomach was made bitter. Then he said to me, You must prophesy again over many peoples, and nations, and tongues, and many kings. Revelation 10:9-11.

'The scroll' in Ezekiel, and 'the little book' in John, stand for Divine truth. The delight this appears to possess in the outward form it takes is meant by the taste being sweet as honey; for Divine truth, like the Word, is full of delight in the outward form it takes, which is the literal sense, because this allows everyone to interpret and explain it in whatever way it suits him. But the internal sense does not allow him to do so, and this is meant by its bitter taste; for the internal sense discloses what man is like inwardly. The external sense is full of delight for the reason just stated, that a person can explain things there in whatever way it suits him. The truths contained in the external sense are all general ones and remain such until particular truths are added to qualify them, and specific ones to qualify these. The external sense is also full of delight because it is natural, concealing what is spiritual within itself. It needs to be full of delight too if a person is to accept it, that is, to be taken into it and not left standing on the threshold.

[14] The honeycomb and the broiled fish which after His resurrection the Lord ate in the presence of the disciples was also a sign of the external sense of the Word, 'the fish' meaning the truth associated with that sense and 'the honeycomb' the pleasure attached to it, described in Luke as follows,

Jesus said, Do you have any food at all here? They gave Him part of a broiled fish and some honeycomb, which He took and ate in their presence. Luke 24:41-43.

And because the fish and the honeycomb had that meaning the Lord therefore tells them,

These are the words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things must be fulfilled which were written in the law of Moses, and the Prophets, and the Psalms concerning Me. Luke 24:44.

The appearance is that nothing of the sort is meant, for it seems to have been purely by chance that they had part of a broiled fish and a honeycomb. But in fact their possession of these was providential - as is not only this but every other smallest fact mentioned in the Word. Because matters such as have been described were indeed meant, the Lord therefore referred to the Word, declaring that the things written in it had reference to Himself. But the things which have been written in the Old Testament Word regarding the Lord are but few in the sense of the letter, whereas everything contained in the internal sense has to do with Him; and it is from this that the Word gets its holiness. Everything contained in the internal sense is what is meant in the statement that 'all things must be fulfilled which were written in the law of Moses, and the Prophets, and the Psalms concerning Him'.

[15] From all this one may now see that 'honey' means the delight that is received from goodness and truth, that is, from the affection for these, and that specifically external delight and so that belonging to the exterior natural is meant. Because this delight is the kind that is gained from the world through the senses, and so contains within it much that springs from love of the world, people were forbidden to use honey in their minchahs. This is expressed in Leviticus as follows,

Every minchah which you bring to Jehovah shall be made without yeast; for no yeast nor any honey shall be used along with the fire-offering you burn to Jehovah. Leviticus 2:11.

'Honey' stands for the kind of external delight which, containing something of love of the world within it, was similar to yeast and therefore forbidden. What yeast or made with yeast implies, see 1342.

脚注:

1. The Latin means You cause, but the Hebrew means He causes, which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

2. literally, palate

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.