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Ezechiel第20章

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1 Tedy stalo se léta sedmého, a dne desátého, pátého měsíce, přišli někteří z starších Izraelských raditi se s Hospodinem, a posadili se přede mnou.

2 Tehdy stalo se slovo Hospodinovo ke mně, řkoucí:

3 Synu člověčí, mluv k starším Izraelským a rci jim: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Zdali, abyste se se mnou radili, vy přicházíte? Živ jsem já, že vy se neradíte se mnou, dí Panovník Hospodin.

4 Zdali jich zastávati budeš? Zdali zastávati budeš, synu člověčí? Oznam jim ohavnosti otců jejich,

5 A rci jim: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: V ten den, v kterýž jsem zvolil Izraele, zdvihl jsem ruku svou semeni domu Jákobova, a v známost jsem se uvedl jim v zemi Egyptské; zdvihlť jsem jim ruku svou, řka: Já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš.

6 V ten den zdvihl jsem jim ruku svou, že je vyvedu z země Egyptské do země, kterouž jsem jim obhlédl, tekoucí mlékem a strdí, jenž jest okrasa všech jiných zemí.

7 A řekl jsem jim: Jeden každý ohavnosti očí svých zavrzte, a ukydanými bohy Egyptskými se nepoškvrňujte, nebo já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš.

8 Ale zpurně se postavovali proti mně, aniž mne chtěli slyšeti, aniž kdo ohavnosti očí svých zavrhl, a ukydaných bohů Egyptských nezanechali.Protož jsem řekl: Vyleji prchlivost svou na ně, a vyplním hněv svůj na nich u prostřed země Egyptské.

9 A však učinil jsem pro jméno své, aby nebylo zlehčeno před očima těch národů, mezi nimiž byli, před jejichž očima jsem se jim v známost uvedl, že je chci vyvesti z země Egyptské.

10 Takž jsem je vyvedl z země Egyptské, a přivedl jsem je na poušť,

11 A dal jsem jim ustanovení svá, a soudy své v známost jsem jim uvedl, ješto činil-li by je kdo, jistě že by živ byl skrze ně.

12 Nadto i soboty své vydal jsem jim, aby byly na znamení mezi mnou a mezi nimi, aby znali, že já Hospodin jsem posvětitel jejich.

13 Ale dům Izraelský zpurně se postavovali proti mně na poušti, v ustanoveních mých nechodili, a soudy mými pohrdli, ješto činil-li by je kdo, jistě že by živ byl skrze ně; též soboty mé poškvrnili náramně. Pročež jsem řekl: Že vyleji prchlivost svou na ně na poušti, abych je docela vyhladil.

14 Ale učinil jsem pro jméno své, aby nebylo zlehčeno před očima těch národů, před jejichž očima jsem je vyvedl.

15 A však i já také přisáhl jsem jim na té poušti, že jich neuvedu do země, kterouž jsem byl dal, tekoucí mlékem a strdí, jenž jest okrasa všech jiných zemí,

16 Proto že soudy mými pohrdli, a v ustanoveních mých nechodili, a soboty mé poškvrnili, a že za ukydanými bohy jejich srdce jejich chodí.

17 Však odpustilo jim oko mé, tak že jsem jich nezahladil, a neučinil jim konce na poušti.

18 A řekl jsem synům jejich na též poušti: V ustanoveních otců svých nechoďte, a soudů jejich neostříhejte, a ukydanými bohy jejich se nepoškvrňujte.

19 Já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš, v ustanoveních mých choďte, a soudů mých ostříhejte, a čiňte je.

20 Též soboty mé svěťte, i budou na znamení mezi mnou a vámi, aby známé bylo, že já jsem Hospodin Bůh váš.

21 Ale zpurně se měli ke mně ti synové, v ustanoveních mých nechodili, a soudů mých nešetřili, aby je činili, (ješto činil-li by je kdo, jistě že by živ byl skrze ně), i soboty mé poškvrnili. I řekl jsem: Že vyleji prchlivost svou na ně, abych vyplnil hněv svůj na nich na té poušti.

22 Ale odvrátil jsem zase ruku svou; což jsem učinil pro jméno své, aby nebylo zlehčeno před očima těch národů, před jejichž očima jsem je vyvedl.

23 Také i těm přisáhl jsem na poušti, že je rozptýlím mezi pohany, a že je rozženu po krajinách,

24 Proto že soudů mých nečinili, a ustanoveními mými pohrdli, a soboty mé poškvrnili, a že k ukydaným bohům otců svých zření měli.

25 Pročež já také dal jsem jim ustanovení nedobrá, a soudy, skrze něž nebudou živi.

26 A poškvrnil jsem jich s jejich dary, (proto že provodili všecko, což otvírá život), abych je zkazil, aby poznali, že já jsem Hospodin.

27 Protož mluv k domu Izraelskému, synu člověčí, a rci jim: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Ještě i tímto rouhali se mi otcové vaši, dopouštějíce se proti mně přestoupení,

28 Že, když jsem je uvedl do země, o kteréž jsem přisáhl, že jim ji dám, kdež spatřili který pahrbek vysoký, aneb které dřevo husté, hned tu obětovali oběti své, a tu dávali popouzející dary své, tu kladli i vůni svou příjemnou, a tu obětovali mokré oběti své.

29 A ačkoli jsem říkal jim: Což jest ta výsost, kamž vy chodíváte? ale ona slove výsostí až do tohoto dne.

30 Protož rci domu Izraelskému: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Cestou-liž otců vašich vy se máte poškvrňovati, a s ohavnostmi jejich máte smilniti?

31 Též přinášejíce dary své, vodíce syny své skrze oheň, máte-liž se poškvrňovati při všech ukydaných bozích vašich až do tohoto dne, a ode mne vždy rady hledati, ó dome Izraelský? Živť jsem já, dí Panovník Hospodin, že vy se nebudete mne více raditi.

32 To pak, což jste sobě v mysli uložili, nikoli se nestane, že říkáte: Budeme jako jiní národové, jako čeledi jiných zemí, sloužíce dřevu a kameni.

33 Živ jsem já, praví Panovník Hospodin, že rukou silnou a ramenem vztaženým, a prchlivostí vylitou kralovati budu nad vámi.

34 Vyvedu vás zajisté z národů, a shromáždím vás z zemí, do nichž jste rozptýleni, rukou silnou a ramenem vztaženým, i prchlivostí vylitou.

35 A vodě vás po poušti těch národů, souditi se budu s vámi tam tváří v tvář.

36 Tak jako jsem se soudil s otci vašimi na poušti země Egyptské, tak se budu souditi s vámi, praví Panovník Hospodin.

37 A proženu vás pod hůl, abych vás uvedl do závazku smlouvy.

38 Ale ty, jenž se mi zprotivili a zpronevěřili, vymísím z vás; z země, v níž pohostinu jsou, vyvedu je, do země však Izraelské nevejdou. I zvíte, že já jsem Hospodin.

39 Vy tedy, ó dome Izraelský, takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Jdětež, služte každý ukydaným bohům svým i napotom, poněvadž neposloucháte mne, a jména mého svatého nepoškvrňujte více dary svými, a ukydanými bohy svými.

40 Nebo na hoře mé svaté, na hoře vysoké Izraelské, dí Panovník Hospodin, tam mi sloužiti budou všecken dům Izraelský, což jich koli bude v té zemi. Tam je laskavě přijmu, a tam vyhledávati budu od vás obětí vzhůru pozdvižení i prvotin darů vašich, se všemi svatými věcmi vašimi.

41 S vůní libou laskavě vás přijmu, když vás vyvedu z národů, a shromáždím vás z těch zemí, do nichž jste rozptýleni byli, a tak posvěcen budu v vás před očima těch národů.

42 I poznáte, že já jsem Hospodin, když vás uvedu do země Izraelské, do země té, o kteréž jsem přisáhl, že ji dám otcům vašim.

43 A tu se rozpomenete na cesty své a na všecky činy své, jimiž jste se poškvrňovali, tak že sami se býti hodné ošklivosti uznáte, pro všecky nešlechetnosti vaše, kteréž jste činívali.

44 Tu poznáte, že já jsem Hospodin, když vám to učiním pro jméno své, ne podlé cest vašich zlých, ani podlé činů vašich porušených, dome Izraelský, praví Panovník Hospodin.

45 I stalo se slovo Hospodinovo ke mně, řkoucí:

46 Synu člověčí, obrať tvář svou k straně polední, a vypusť jako rosu na poledne, a prorokuj proti lesu toho pole, kteréž jest na poledne.

47 A rci lesu polednímu: Slyš slovo Hospodinovo: Takto praví Panovník Hospodin: Aj, já zanítím v tobě oheň, kterýž sežere v tobě každé dřevo zelené i každé dřevo suché; nezhasneť plamen přeprudký, a budou jím opáleny všecky tváře od poledne až na půlnoci.

48 I uzří všeliké tělo, že jsem já Hospodin zapálil jej; nezhasneť.

49 I řekl jsem: Ach, Panovníče Hospodine, oni mi říkají: Však tento v přísloví nám toliko mluví.

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#2708

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2708. 'And dwelt in the wilderness' means that which is obscure comparatively. This is clear from the meaning of 'dwelling' as living, dealt with in 2451, and from the meaning of 'a wilderness' as that which possesses little life, dealt with in 1927, here as that which is obscure comparatively. By that which is obscure comparatively is meant the state of the spiritual Church in comparison with the state of the celestial Church, that is, the state of those who are spiritual in comparison with the state of those who are celestial. Those who are celestial are moved by the affection for good, those who are spiritual by the affection for truth. Those who are celestial possess perception, whereas those who are spiritual possess the dictate of conscience. To those who are celestial the Lord appears as a Sun, but to those who are spiritual as a Moon, 1521, 1530, 1531, 2495. The light which the former have - enabling them to see good and truth from the Lord with their eyes as well as to perceive it - is like the light of the sun in the daytime; but the light which the latter have from the Lord is like the light of the moon at night, and so, compared with those who are celestial, these dwell in obscurity. The reason for this is that those who are celestial dwell in love to the Lord, and so in the Lord's life itself, whereas those who are spiritual dwell in charity towards the neighbour and in faith, and so, it is true, in the Lord's life but in a rather more obscure way. All this explains why those who are celestial never reason about faith or the truths of faith, but because a perception of truth from good exists with them, simply say, 'That is so', whereas those who are spiritual talk and reason about the truths of faith because a conscience for what is good received from truth exists with them. A further reason for this difference is that with those who are celestial the good of love has been implanted in the will part of their minds, where man's chief life resides, but with those who are spiritual it has been implanted in the understanding part, where man's secondary life resides. This is the reason why, compared with the celestial, the spiritual dwell in obscurity, see 81, 202, 337, 765, 784, 895, 1114-1125, 1155, 1577, 1824, 2048, 2088, 2227, 2454, 2507. This comparative obscurity is here called 'a wilderness'.

[2] In the Word 'a wilderness' can mean that which is sparsely inhabited and cultivated, or it can mean that which is totally uninhabited and uncultivated, and so is used in two senses. When it means that which is sparsely inhabited and cultivated, that is, where there are few dwellings, and where there are sheepfolds, pastures, and waters, it means that thing or those persons who, compared with others, have little life and light, as is the case with that which is spiritual or those who are spiritual in comparison with that which is celestial or those who are celestial. When however it means that which is totally uninhabited and uncultivated, that is, where there are no dwellings, sheepfolds, pastures, and waters, it means those who have undergone vastation as regards good and desolation as regards truth.

[3] That 'a wilderness' can mean that which, compared with other places, is sparsely inhabited and cultivated, that is, where there are few dwellings, and where there are sheepfolds, pastures, and waters, is clear from the following places: In Isaiah,

Sing to Jehovah a new song, His praise from the end of the earth, those that go down to the sea, and the fullness of it, the islands and their inhabitants. The wilderness and its cities will lift up [their voice]; Kedar will inhabit the settlements, 1 the inhabitants of the rock will sing, they will shout from the top of the mountains. Isaiah 42:10-11.

In Ezekiel,

I will make with them a covenant of peace and I will banish the evil wild animal from the land, and they will dwell securely in the wilderness and sleep in the woods, and I will give them and the places around My hill a blessing. The tree of the field will give its fruit, and the earth will give its increase. 2 Ezekiel 34:25-27.

This refers to those who are spiritual. In Hosea,

I will bring her into the wilderness and will speak tenderly to her; and I will give her her vineyards from it. Hosea 2:14-15.

This refers to the desolation of truth and to the comfort that follows later.

[4] In David,

The folds of the wilderness drip, and the hills gird themselves with rejoicing; the meadows clothe themselves with flocks, and the valleys are covered over with grain. Psalms 65:12-13.

In Isaiah,

I will make the wilderness into a pool of water, and the parched land into streams of water. I will put in the wilderness the shittim-cedar, and the myrtle, and the oil tree. I will set in the wilderness the fir, that men may see and know, and may consider and understand together, for the hand of Jehovah has done this, and the Holy One of Israel has created it. Isaiah 41:18-20.

This refers to the regeneration of those who have no knowledge of the truth, that is, gentiles, and to the enlightenment and teaching of those who have experienced desolation. 'The wilderness' is used in reference to these. 'The cedar, the myrtle, and the oil tree' stands for the truths and goods of the interior man, 'fir' for those of the exterior man. In David,

Jehovah turns rivers into a wilderness, and streams of waters into dryness. He turns a wilderness into a pool of water, and parched land into streams of water. Psalms 107:33, 35

Here the meaning is similar. In Isaiah,

The wilderness and the dry land will be glad for them, and the lonely place will rejoice and blossom like the rose. It will bud prolifically. Waters will break forth in the wilderness, and streams in the lonely place. Isaiah 35:1-2, 6.

In the same prophet,

You will be like a watered garden and like a spring of waters whose waters do not fail; and those that be of you will build the wilderness of old. Isaiah 58:11-12.

In the same prophet,

Until the spirit is poured out on us from on high, and the wilderness will become Carmel, and Carmel counted as a forest. And judgement will dwell in the wilderness and righteousness on Carmel. Isaiah 32:15-16.

This refers to the spiritual Church which, though inhabited and cultivated, is, in comparison [with the celestial Church], called 'a wilderness', for it is said that 'judgement will dwell in the wilderness and righteousness on Carmel'. It is evident from the places just quoted that 'a wilderness' means an obscure state compared with other states not only because it is described as 'a wilderness' but also as 'a woodland'; and an obscure state is plainly the meaning in Jeremiah,

O generation, observe the word of Jehovah. Have I been a wilderness to Israel, or a land of darkness? Jeremiah 2:31.

[5] That 'a wilderness' can mean that which is totally uninhabited and uncultivated, that is, where there are no dwellings, sheepfolds, pastures, and waters, and so can mean those who have experienced vastation as regards good and desolation as regards truth, is also clear from the Word. This kind of wilderness is used with two different meanings; that is to say, it may be used in reference to those who are subsequently reformed or in reference to those who are unable to be reformed. Regarding those who are subsequently reformed, such as Hagar and her son represent here, it is said in Jeremiah,

Thus said Jehovah, I have remembered you, the mercy of the days of your youth, your going after Me in the wilderness, in a land not sown. Jeremiah 2:2.

This refers to Jerusalem, which in this case means the Ancient Church that was spiritual. In Moses,

The portion of Jehovah is His people, Jacob is the line of His inheritance. He found him in a wilderness land and in the waste, the howling, the lonely place. He encompassed him, led him to understand, and kept him as the pupil of His eye. Deuteronomy 32:9-10.

In David,

They wandered in the wilderness, in a desolate way; they did not find an inhabited city. Psalms 107:4.

This refers to those who have experienced desolation of truth and are being reformed. In Ezekiel,

I will bring you to the wilderness of the peoples and I will enter into judgement with you there, as I entered into judgement with your fathers in the wilderness of the land of Egypt. Ezekiel 20:35-36.

This likewise refers to the vastation and desolation of those who are being reformed.

[6] The travels and wanderings of the Israelites in the wilderness represented nothing else than the vastation and desolation prior to reformation of those who have faith. It consequently represented the temptation of them, for when people undergo spiritual temptations they experience vastation and desolation, as may also become clear from the following in Moses,

Jehovah carried you 3 along in the wilderness, as a man carries his son, in [all] the way [you went], until [you reached] this place. Deuteronomy 1:31.

And elsewhere in the same book,

You shall remember all the way in which Jehovah your God has led you forty years already in the wilderness to afflict you, to tempt you, and to know what is in your heart, whether you will keep His commandments or not. He afflicted you, caused you to hunger, caused you to eat manna which you do not know nor your fathers knew, so that you may recognize that man does not live by bread only but that man lives by all that goes out of the mouth of Jehovah. Deuteronomy 8:2-3.

And further on in the same chapter,

Do not forget that Jehovah led you in the great and terrible wilderness where there were serpents, fiery snakes, and scorpions, parched places where there was no water, and that He brought you water out of the rock of flint. He fed you in the wilderness with manna which your fathers did not know, that He might afflict you, tempt you, to do you good in the end. Deuteronomy 8:15-16.

Here 'wilderness' stands for the vastation and desolation such as people experience who undergo temptations. Their travels and wanderings in the wilderness for forty years describe every state of the Church militant - how when it is self-reliant it goes under but when it relies on the Lord it overcomes.

[7] The description in John of the woman who fled into the wilderness means nothing else than temptation experienced by the Church, referred to as follows,

The woman who brought forth the male child fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God. To the woman were given two wings of a great eagle, so that she might fly into the wilderness, into her own place. And the serpent poured water like a stream out of his mouth after the woman, to swallow her up in the river. But the earth helped the woman, for the earth opened its mouth and swallowed the stream which the dragon poured out of his mouth. Revelation 12:6, 14-16.

[8] That 'a wilderness' may be used in reference to a totally vastated Church and to people totally vastated as regards good and truth who are unable to be reformed may be seen in the following in Isaiah,

I will make the rivers a wilderness; their fish will stink for lack of water and will die of thirst; I will clothe the heavens with thick darkness. Isaiah 50:2-3.

In the same prophet,

The cities of Your holiness were a wilderness - Zion was a wilderness, Jerusalem lay waste. Isaiah 64:10,

In Jeremiah,

I looked, and behold, Carmel was a wilderness, and all its cities were destroyed from before Jehovah. Jeremiah 4:26.

In the same prophet,

Many shepherds have spoiled My vineyard, they have trampled down [My] portion, they have made the portion of My delight into a desolate wilderness. They have made it into a desolation; desolate, it has mourned over Me. The whole land has been made desolate, for nobody takes it to heart. On all the slopes in the wilderness those who lay waste have come. Jeremiah 12:10-12.

In Joel,

Fire has devoured the folds of the wilderness, and flame will burn up all the trees of the field. The streams of water have dried up, and fire has devoured the folds of the wilderness. Joel 1:19-20.

In Isaiah, He made the world like a wilderness and destroyed its cities. Isaiah 14:17.

This refers to Lucifer. In the same prophet,

The prophecy concerning the wilderness of the sea. Like storms in the south it comes from the wilderness, from a terrible land. Isaiah 21:1 and following verses.

'The wilderness of the sea' stands for truth that has been vastated by facts and by reasonings based on these.

[9] All these places show what is meant by the following reference to John the Baptist,

It was said by Isaiah, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare a way for the Lord, make His paths straight. Matthew 3:3; Mark 1:3; Luke 3:4; John 1:23; Isaiah 40:3.

These words imply that at that time the Church was so totally vastated that no good and no truth remained any longer. This is quite evident from the fact that nobody at that time knew of the existence in man of anything internal, or of anything internal in the Word, so that nobody knew that the Messiah or Christ was coming to save them for ever. The places quoted above also show what is meant by the statement that John was in the wilderness until the time of his manifestation to Israel, Luke 1:80, that he preached in the wilderness of Judea, Matthew 3:1 and following verses, and that he baptized in the wilderness, Mark 1:4; for by this he also represented the state of the Church. From the meaning of 'a wilderness' it may also be seen why the Lord retired so often into the wilderness, as in Matthew 4:1; Matthew 15:32-end; Mark 1:12-13, 35, 45; 6:31-36; Luke 4:1; 5:16; 9:10 and following verses; John 11:54; and also from the meaning of 'a mountain' why the Lord retired into the mountains, as in Matthew 14:23; 15:29-31; 17:1 and following verses; 28:16-17; Mark 3:13-14; 6:46; 9:2-9; Luke 6:12-13; 9:28; John 6:15.

脚注:

1. literally, courts. The Hebrew may mean courts or else villages which Swedenborg has in another place where he quotes this verse.

2. The Latin means fruit but the Hebrew means increase which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

3. The Latin means them but the Hebrew means you.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.