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利未记第4章

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1 耶和华摩西

2 你晓谕以色列人:若有人在耶和华所吩咐不可行的甚麽事上误犯了件,

3 或是受膏的祭司犯,使百姓陷在里,就当为他所犯的把没有残疾的公牛犊献给耶和华为赎祭。

4 他要牵公牛到会幕口,在耶和华面前按在牛的上,把牛宰於耶和华面前。

5 受膏的祭司要取些公牛的血会幕

6 把指头蘸於血中,在耶和华面前对着所的幔子弹血次,

7 又要把些血抹在会幕内、耶和华面前的四角上,再把公牛所有的血倒在会幕口、燔祭坛的脚那里。

8 要把赎祭公牛所有的脂油,乃是盖脏的脂油和脏上所有的脂油,

9 并两个腰子和腰子上的脂油,就是靠腰两旁的脂油,与上的网子和腰子,一概取下,

10 与平安祭公牛上所取的一样;祭司要把这些烧在燔祭的上。

11 公牛的和所有的,并、脏、腑、粪,

12 就是全公牛,要搬到外洁净之地、倒灰之所,用烧在柴上。

13 以色列会众若行了耶和华所吩咐不可行的甚麽事,误犯了罪,是隐而未现,会众看不出来的,

14 会众知道所犯的就要献一只公牛犊为赎祭,牵到会幕前。

15 会中的长老就要在耶和华面前按在牛的上,将牛在耶和华面前宰了。

16 受膏的祭司要取些公牛的血会幕

17 把指头蘸於血中,在耶和华面前对着幔子弹血次,

18 又要把些血抹在会幕内、耶和华面前的四角上,再把所有的血倒在会幕口、燔祭坛的脚那里。

19 把牛所有的脂油都取下,烧在上;

20 收拾这牛,与那赎祭的牛一样。祭司要为他们赎,他们必蒙赦免。

21 他要把牛搬到外烧了,像烧头一个牛一样;这是会众的赎祭。

22 官长若行了耶和华─他所吩咐不可行的甚麽事,误犯了罪,

23 所犯的自己知道了,就要牵一只没有残疾的公山羊为供物,

24 在羊的上,宰於耶和华面前、宰燔祭牲的地方;这是赎祭。

25 祭司要用指头蘸些赎祭牲的血,抹在燔祭坛的四角上,把血倒在燔祭坛的脚那里。

26 所有的脂油,祭司都要烧在上,正如平安祭的脂油一样。至於他的,祭司要为他赎了,他必蒙赦免。

27 民中若有人行了耶和华所吩咐不可行的甚麽事,误犯了罪,

28 所犯的自己知道了,就要为所犯的牵一只没有残疾的母山羊为供物,

29 在赎祭牲的上,在那宰燔祭牲的地方宰了。

30 祭司要用指头蘸些羊的血,抹在燔祭坛的四角上,所有的血都要倒在的脚那里,

31 又要把羊所有的脂油都取下,正如取平安祭牲的脂油一样。祭司要在上焚烧,在耶和华面前作为馨的祭,为他赎罪,他必蒙赦免。

32 人若牵一只绵羊羔为赎祭的供物,必要牵一只没有残疾的母羊,

33 在赎祭牲的上,在那宰燔祭牲的地方宰了作赎祭。

34 祭司要用指头蘸些赎祭牲的血,抹在燔祭坛的四角上,所有的血都要倒在的脚那里,

35 又要把所有的脂油都取下,正如取平安祭羊羔的脂油一样。祭司要按献给耶和华火祭的条例,烧在上。至於所犯的,祭司要为他赎了,他必蒙赦免。

   

来自斯威登堡的著作

 

Arcana Coelestia#716

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716. 'Sevens of each' means that they are holy. This is clear from what has been stated already in 84-87 about the seventh day or sabbath. That is to say, the Lord is the Seventh Day and from Him derives every celestial Church or man, and indeed, the celestial itself which, because it is the Lord's alone, is most holy. Consequently seven in the Word means holy; indeed in the internal sense, as here, absolutely nothing is obtained from the number itself. For people who possess the internal sense, as angels and angelic spirits do, have no concept at all of what a number is, and so do not know what seven is. Therefore the idea that they were to take seven pairs of all the clean beasts, or that the ratio of the good to the evil was to be seven to two, is not at all the meaning here. Rather it is this: Things of the will with which this member of the Church was supplied were the goods which are holy, through which, as stated already, he was capable of being regenerated.

[2] That 'seven' means that which is holy, or things that are holy, becomes clear from the rituals in the representative Church, where the number seven occurs time and again, for example, being sprinkled seven times with blood and oil, as in Leviticus,

Moses took the anointing oil and anointed the Tabernacle and everything that was in it and made them holy. And he sprinkled some of it over the altar seven times, and anointed the altar and all its vessels to make them holy. Leviticus 8:10-11.

Here 'seven times' would be utterly devoid of meaning if that which is holy was not being represented in this way. 'Oil' there means the holiness of love. And elsewhere in Leviticus, when Aaron entered the Holy Place,

He shall take some of the blood of the young bull, and shall sprinkle it with his finger over the face 1 of the mercy-seat towards the east, and he shall sprinkle the face 1 of the mercy-seat seven times with some of the blood with his finger.

Similarly with the altar,

He shall sprinkle over it some of the blood with his finger seven times, and shall cleanse it, and make it holy. Leviticus 16:14, 19.

Here every single detail means the Lord Himself, and therefore the holiness of love - that is to say, 'the blood' and also 'the mercy-seat', 'the altar' too, 'the east in which direction the blood was to be sprinkled', and so 'seven' as well, all mean the Lord.

[3] In sacrifices it is similar, about which the following is said in Leviticus,

If a soul has sinned inadvertently, and if the anointed priest has sinned, thus making the people guilty, he shall slaughter the young bull in Jehovah's presence. And the priest shall dip his finger in the blood, and sprinkle some of the blood seven times in Jehovah's presence towards the veil of the Holy Place. Leviticus 4:2-4, 6.

Here similarly 'seven' means that which is holy, for the subject is atonement, and therefore the Lord, since atonement is the Lord's alone. Similar instructions were also given concerning the cleansing of leprosy, about which the following is said in Leviticus,

[Taking some] of the bird's blood, the cedar-wood, the double-dyed scarlet, and the hyssop, the priest shall sprinkle over the one who is to be cleansed from leprosy seven times, and shall cleanse him. In a similar way some of the oil which is in his left palm, seven times in Jehovah's presence. In a similar way in a house where there is leprosy, [he shall take some] of the cedar-wood, and the hyssop, and the double-dyed scarlet, and shall sprinkle some of the bird's blood seven times. Leviticus 14:6-7, 27, 51.

Anyone may see that here cedar-wood, double-dyed scarlet, hyssop, oil, and blood of a bird, and so the number seven, would be utterly meaningless if things that are holy were not being represented by them. If you take away from them holy things, what is left is something dead, or something unholy and idolatrous. When however they do mean holy things the worship they contain in that case is a Divine worship which is internal and simply represented by things that are external. The Jews however were incapable of knowing what these meant; and neither does anyone today know what cedar-wood, hyssop, double-dyed scarlet, and the bird all mean. Yet if only they had been willing to think that these did embody holy things which they did not actually know, and so had worshipped the Lord - who was the Messiah to come who would heal them from their leprosy, that is, from profaning what is holy - they could have been saved. For people who do think and believe in this manner straightaway receive instruction in the next life, if they desire it, as to what every single detail represented.

[4] Similarly where 'the red heifer' is the subject it is said that the priest was to take some of its blood on his finger, and sprinkle some of its blood towards the face 1 of the tent of meeting seven times, Numbers 19:4. Because 'the seventh day' or sabbath meant the Lord, and from Him meant the celestial man and the celestial itself, the seventh day in the Jewish Church was the holiest of all its religious observances. For this reason there was a sabbath year 2 every seventh year, Leviticus 25:4. Also a jubilee was to be proclaimed after seven sabbaths of years, that is, after seven times seven years, Leviticus 25:8-9. In the highest sense the number seven means the Lord, and from this the holiness of love. This becomes clear also from the golden lampstand with its seven lamps, mentioned in Exodus 25:31-33, 37; 37:17-19, 23; Numbers 8:2-3; Zechariah 4:2. And in John it is spoken of as follows,

Seven golden lampstands; in the midst of the seven lampstands one like the Son of Man. Revelation 1:12-13.

Here it is absolutely clear that 'a lampstand with seven lamps' means the Lord, and that 'the lamps' are the holy things of love, which comprise celestial things, which also is why there were seven of them.

[5] In the same author,

From the throne there were coming forth seven fiery torches burning before the throne, which are the seven spirits of God. Revelation 4:5.

Here 'the seven torches which came forth from the Lord's throne' are seven lamps. The same applies to the number seven when it occurs in the Prophets, as in Isaiah,

The light of the moon will be as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun will be sevenfold, as the light of seven days, on the day when Jehovah will bind up the hurt of His people. Isaiah 30:26.

Here 'sevenfold light as the light of seven days' does not at all mean sevenfold but the holiness of love meant by the sun. See also what has been stated and shown already at Genesis 4:15 concerning the number seven. From these quotations it is also quite clear that all numbers used in the Word never have a numerical value [in the internal sense], as has also been shown already at Genesis 6:3.

脚注:

1. literally, the faces

2. literally, sabbath of a sabbath

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.