1. Over de Nieuwe Hemel en de Nieuwe Aarde, en wat onder Nova Hierosolyma wordt verstaan.

Gezegd wordt in de Apocalyps: ‘Ik zag een nieuwe hemel en een nieuwe aarde, immers de eerste hemel en de eerste aarde waren voorbijgegaan. En ik zag de heilige stad, het nieuwe Jeruzalem (Nova Hierosolyma), nederdalende uit God vanuit de hemel, bereid als een bruid vóór haar man. De stad had een grote en hoge muur, die twaalf poorten had, en in de poorten twaalf engelen, en namen daaraan ingeschreven, welke zijn de namen van de twaalf stammen van Israël. En de muur van de stad had twaalf fundamenten, waarin de twaalf namen der apostelen van het Lam. De stad zelf was vierhoekig gelegen, en haar lengte even groot was als de breedte. En hij mat de stad met het riet op twaalf duizend stadiën; en de lengte en de breedte en de hoogte ervan waren gelijk. En hij mat haar muur honderd vierenveertig ellen, de maat van een mensen, zijnde van een engel. Haar muur was uit jaspis; de stad zelf echter zuiver goud, zuiver glas gelijk: en de fundamenten van de muur van de stad uit allen kostbaren steen. De twaalf poorten waren twaalf parelen; en de straat van de stad zuiver goud evenals doorluchtig glas. De heerlijkheid Gods verlichtte haar, en haar lamp was het Lam. De natiën die bewaard waren geweest, zullen wandelen tot haar licht, en de koningen der aarde zullen hun heerlijkheid en hun eer tot haar aanbrengen’, Apocalyps 21:1-2, 12-24.

Een mens die deze dingen leest, verstaat ze niet anders dan volgens de letterlijke zin, namelijk dat de aanschouwbare hemel met de aarde zal vergaan, en een nieuwe hemel zal ontstaan, en dat op een nieuwe aarde zal nederdalen de heilige stad Hierosolyma, en dat die zal zijn ten aanzien van haar maten volgens de beschrijving. Maar de engelen verstaan die dingen geheel en al anders, namelijk de afzonderlijke dingen geestelijk die de mens natuurlijk verstaat, en zoals de engelen deze verstaan aldus is hun betekenis. Dit is de inwendige of geestelijke zin van het Woord, onder de nieuwe hemel en de nieuwe aarde in de inwendige of geestelijken zin, waarin de engelen zijn, wordt verstaan de nieuwe kerk zowel in de hemelen als op aarde; over de kerk wederzijds zal verderop gesproken worden; onder de stad Hierosolyma nederdalende uit God vanuit de hemel, wordt verstaan haar hemelse leer; onder de lengte, breedte en hoogte die gelijk zijn, worden verstaan alle goede en ware dingen van die leer in de samenvatting; onder haar muur wordt verstaan de ware dingen die haar beschermen; onder de maat van de muur, zijnde 144 ellen, de maat van een mens die een engel is, worden verstaan al die beschermende ware dingen in de samenvatting, en de hoedanigheid ervan; onder de twaalf poorten die uit parelen waren, worden de binnenleidende ware dingen verstaan; eender onder de twaalf engelen in de poorten; onder de fundamenten van de muur die uit allen kostbare steen waren, worden verstaan de erkentenissen waarop die leer wordt gefundeerd; onder de twaalf stammen van Israël worden verstaan alle dingen van de kerk in het algemeen en in het bijzonder; eendere dingen onder de twaalf apostelen; onder het goud gelijk aan zuiver glas, waaruit de stad en de straat was, wordt verstaan het goede der liefde waaruit de leer doorschijnend is met haar ware dingen; onder de natiën die bewaard zijn geweest, en onder de koningen der aarde die heerlijkheid en eer in haar zullen aanbrengen, worden verstaan allen van de kerk die in de goede en ware dingen zijn; onder God en het Lam wordt verstaan de Heer ten aanzien van het Goddelijke Zelf en het Goddelijk Menselijke. Zodanig is de geestelijke zin van het Woord, waaraan de natuurlijke zin, zijnde de zin van de letter, van dienst is als basis. Maar toch maken die beide zinnen, de geestelijke en de natuurlijke, één door de overeenstemmingen. Dat een zodanig geestelijk verstaan in al die dingen is, behoeft hier geen aantoning, omdat het niet tot dit werk behoort, maar men zie het getoond in de Hemelse Verborgenheden. … [Om praktische redenen zijn alle voetnoten aan het einde van ieder hoofdstuk niet opgenomen in deze digitale weergave, maar ieder onderwerp, ja iedere zinsnede kan nader worden verduidelijkt in de “Arcana”. Red.]

39. And all the tribes of the earth shall lament over Him, signifies that the falsities of the church will oppose. This is evident from the signification of "lamenting" as being to mourn, to grieve, to be displeased, to be angry, to be averse from, thus also to oppose; and from the signification of "tribes," as being all truths and goods in the complex, and in the contrary sense, all falsities and evils in the complex (of which in what follows); also from the signification of "the earth," as being the church (See above, n. 29). By "all the tribes of the earth," then, the whole church is meant, and by "their lamenting over Him" is signified that truth and good will be no more, because falsities and evils are to prevail and oppose. For this verse treats, in general, of what the state of the church will be at its end, when there will be no longer any faith, because no charity, namely, that the Lord will then reveal Himself, and that all who are in truths from good will acknowledge Him, and that they also will see Him, who are in falsities from evil, but that the falsities of the church will oppose. (That Revelation does not treat of the successive states of the church, but of its last state when it is at its end, see above, n. 5; and that its end is when there is no faith, because no charity, see the little work on The Last Judgment 33-39 seq.; and when there is no faith, because no charity, falsities from evil prevail and oppose truths from good.)

[2] In the Word "tribes" are often mentioned, inasmuch as the Israelitish people were divided into twelve tribes, and one who does not know the internal sense of the Word supposes that by "tribes" are meant the tribes of Israel; but by "tribes" are not meant tribes, nor by "Israel" is Israel meant, but by "tribes" are meant all those who are in truths from good, and by "Israel" the Lord's church. He who is ignorant of this will easily adopt the common belief that the sons of Israel were chosen in preference to all others on earth, and that they are also to be brought at last into the land of Canaan; indeed, that heaven also is to be formed chiefly from them; when, in fact, by their names they are not meant, but they who are in truths from good, thus those who are of the church; by the twelve tribes, all such, and by each tribe, some particular truth and good pertaining to those who are of the church.

[3] When this is understood, what is meant by these words in Revelation can be seen:

I heard the number of them which were sealed, a hundred and forty and four thousand sealed of all the tribes of the sons of Israel. Of the tribe of Judah were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Reuben were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Gad were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Asher were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Naphtali were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Manasseh were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Simeon were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Levi were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Issachar were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Zebulon were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Joseph were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Benjamin were sealed twelve thousand (Revelation 7:4-8).

Here those who are of the Israelitish nation are not meant, but all, how many soever, who are in the truths from good, for all such are sealed for heaven. Moreover, the numbers "one hundred and forty-four thousand" and "twelve thousand" signify all; and each tribe signifies all who are in that truth or good which is signified by its name, as may appear from what is shown in the Arcana Coelestia; as what good and truth are signified by "Judah," n. 3881, 6363; what by "Reuben," n. 3861, 3866, 4605, 4731, 4734, 4761, 6342-6345; what by "Gad," n. 3934, 3935; what by "Asher," n. 3938, 3939, 6408; what by "Naphtali," n. 3927, 3928; what by "Manasseh," n. 3969, 5351, 5354, 6222, 6234, 6238, 6267, 6296; what by "Simeon," n. 3869-3872, 4497, 4502-4503, 5482, 5626, 5630; what by "Levi," n. 3875, 3877, 4497, 4502-4503; what by "Issachar," n. 3956, 3957; what by "Zebulon," n. 3960, 3961, 6383; what by "Joseph," n. 3969, 3971, 4669, 6417; and what by "Benjamin," n. 3969, 4592, 5411, 5413, 5443, 5639, 5686, 5688, 5689, 6440. That all numbers in the Word signify things, see n. 482, 487, 647-648, 755, 813, 1963, 2075, 2252, 3252, 4264, 4495, 4670, 5265, 6175, 9488, 9659, 10217, 10253. That "twelve" signifies all, and all things in respect to truths from good, see n. 577, 2089, 2129, 2130, 3272, 3858, 3913, likewise the numbers "72," "144," "1200," "144, 000," because they arise from the number 12 by multiplication, n. Arcana Coelestia 7973. That composite numbers have a like meaning with the simple numbers from which they are produced by multiplication, see n. 5291, 5335, 5708, 7973).

[4] He who is not aware that numbers signify things, and what the numbers "twelve," "one hundred and forty-four," and "twelve thousand" signify, likewise what "tribes" and "apostles" signify, cannot know what is signified by these words in Revelation:

The holy city, New Jerusalem, had a wall great and high, having twelve gates, and in the gates twelve angels, and names written thereon, which are the names of the twelve tribes of Israel; and the wall had twelve foundations, and on them the twelve names of the apostles of the Lamb. The wall was a hundred and forty and four cubits, and the length and the breadth of the city twelve thousand furlongs (Revelation 21:12, 21:14, 16-17).

What is signified by all this you will see explained in the small work on The New Jerusalem and its Doctrine 1); namely, that by "Jerusalem" is signified the church in respect to doctrine; by its "wall," protecting truths; by the "gates," introductory truths; by the" foundations," the knowledges on which doctrine is based; by "twelve angels," and by "twelve tribes," all truths and goods in the complex; "the twelve apostles," have a like signification, and the numbers "twelve," "one hundred and forty-four," and "twelve thousand," signify all things and all persons.

[5] Furthermore, he who is aware that such things are signified by the twelve tribes can see the arcanum in this:

Why the names of the twelve tribes were engraved on the precious stones in the Urim and Thummim, likewise what that breastplate signified (Exodus 28:21; 39:10-15).

(This arcanum may be seen unfolded in Arcana Coelestia 3858, 6335, 6640, 9863, 9865, 9873, 9874, 9905) He can also see what is signified by this:

That the twelve apostles should sit upon twelve thrones, and are to judge the twelve tribes of Israel (Matthew 19:28);

namely, that the Lord alone will judge everyone by truths from good (n. 2129, 6397). Also what is meant by:

The predictions of Israel, the father, respecting his sons (Genesis 49:2-28);

as well as numerous other passages of the Word, where tribes are mentioned (as in Isaiah 19:13; 49:6; 63:17; Jeremiah 10:16; Ezekiel 48:1 seq.; Psalms 122:3-5; Deuteronomy 32:8; Numbers 24:2; Revelation 5:9; 7:4-9; 11:9; 13:7; 14:6

[6] Again, what is meant by the Lord's Word respecting the consummation of the age and His coming:

After the affliction of those days the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken; and then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven; and then shall all the tribes of the earth lament; and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven, with power and great glory (Matthew 24:29-30).

(These words can be seen explained in detail in the work on Heaven and Hell 1; and in the following passages in the Arcana Coelestia, namely, that the twelve tribes of Israel represented and thence signified all truths and goods in the complex, thus all things of faith and love, n. 3858, 3926, 4060, 6335; that like things are signified by the twelve apostles, n. 2129, 3354, 3488, 3858, 6397; and that their signification varies according to the order in which they are named, n. 3862, 3926, 3939, 4603, seq., 6337, 6640, 10335)