De Bijbel

 

Luke 24:13-35 : The Road to Emmaus

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13 And, behold, two of them went that same day to a village called Emmaus, which was from Jerusalem about threescore furlongs.

14 And they talked together of all these things which had happened.

15 And it came to pass, that, while they communed together and reasoned, Jesus himself drew near, and went with them.

16 But their eyes were holden that they should not know him.

17 And he said unto them, What manner of communications are these that ye have one to another, as ye walk, and are sad?

18 And the one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answering said unto him, Art thou only a stranger in Jerusalem, and hast not known the things which are come to pass therein these days?

19 And he said unto them, What things? And they said unto him, Concerning Jesus of Nazareth, which was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people:

20 And how the chief priests and our rulers delivered him to be condemned to death, and have crucified him.

21 But we trusted that it had been he which should have redeemed Israel: and beside all this, to day is the third day since these things were done.

22 Yea, and certain women also of our company made us astonished, which were early at the sepulchre;

23 And when they found not his body, they came, saying, that they had also seen a vision of angels, which said that he was alive.

24 And certain of them which were with us went to the sepulchre, and found it even so as the women had said: but him they saw not.

25 Then he said unto them, O fools, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken:

26 Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and to enter into his glory?

27 And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself.

28 And they drew nigh unto the village, whither they went: and he made as though he would have gone further.

29 But they constrained him, saying, Abide with us: for it is toward evening, and the day is far spent. And he went in to tarry with them.

30 And it came to pass, as he sat at meat with them, he took bread, and blessed it, and brake, and gave to them.

31 And their eyes were opened, and they knew him; and he vanished out of their sight.

32 And they said one to another, Did not our heart burn within us, while he talked with us by the way, and while he opened to us the scriptures?

33 And they rose up the same hour, and returned to Jerusalem, and found the eleven gathered together, and them that were with them,

34 Saying, The Lord is risen indeed, and hath appeared to Simon.

35 And they told what things were done in the way, and how he was known of them in breaking of bread.

Commentaar

 

Op weg naar Emmaüs

Door Joe David (machine vertaald in Nederlands)

Lelio Orsi's painting, Camino de Emaús, is in the National Gallery in London, England.

Elk van de vier evangeliën bevat een verhaal over Jezus die aan zijn discipelen verschijnt na de zondagmorgen toen zij het graf leeg hadden aangetroffen. Zie bijvoorbeeld Mattheüs 28:16-20; Marcus 16:14-19; Lucas 24:13-33; Johannes 20:19-31, en Johannes 21.

In Lucas staat het verhaal van twee leerlingen die van Jeruzalem naar het dorp Emmaüs lopen, een wandeling van ongeveer zeven mijl. Kort nadat ze de stad verlaten hebben, worden ze aangesproken door een andere reiziger die hun verontruste gezichten en ernstige gesprekken heeft opgemerkt en hen vraagt wat hen verontrust. Samen lopend vragen ze de vreemdeling: "Heb je niet gehoord van de problemen in Jeruzalem, hoe de profeet uit Galilea, van wie we hoopten dat hij Israël zou redden, werd overgeleverd om gekruisigd te worden? En vreemd genoeg, toen sommige vrouwen op de derde dag zijn lichaam gingen zalven, zagen zij engelen die hun vertelden dat Hij daar niet was, maar was opgestaan uit de dood."

Toen hij dit hoorde, vermaande de reiziger hen omdat zij niet geloofden en zei: "Zien jullie niet dat Christus deze dingen moest lijden om in zijn heerlijkheid te kunnen ingaan?" De vreemdeling vertelt de twee discipelen dan vele dingen over Jezus, uit de boeken van Mozes en de profeten, in het Oude Testament. De twee discipelen luisteren met ontzag, maar herkennen de vreemdeling niet. Tenslotte komen zij bij Emmaüs aan. De vreemdeling lijkt verder te willen gaan als de twee stoppen, maar zij smeken hem ook te stoppen, want het wordt al laat, en zij willen meer horen. Dus gaan zij allen zitten om de avondmaaltijd te delen, en wanneer de vreemdeling het brood opneemt en breekt en hun stukken geeft, worden hun ogen geopend en herkennen zij Hem, en Hij verdwijnt.

Men kan zich het verbijsterd ontzag voorstellen dat hen beiden overviel toen zij zich realiseerden dat dit Jezus was. Zij wisten dat Hij gekruisigd was, en toch had Hij urenlang met hen gewandeld en gesproken. De vrouwen hadden gelijk! De engelen hadden gelijk! Hij leefde!

De Nieuwe Kerk gelooft dat er interne betekenissen zijn voor alle verhalen in het Woord van de Heer, de heilige Schriften, en dat deze interne betekenis, binnen de letterlijke verhalen over Abraham, Izaäk en Jakob, Jozua, Samuël, David, en de rest, en alle uitspraken van de profeten van Jesaja tot Maleachi, en de vier evangeliën... deze betekenis is wat het Woord heilig maakt.

Dus wat kunnen we hier zien in dit verhaal? Wel, die inwendige betekenis in "Mozes en de profeten" is het verhaal van Jezus' leven in de wereld, vanaf Zijn geboorte in Bethlehem via al Zijn opgroeiende jaren tot aan Zijn "dood" en dan Zijn verrijzenis. Omdat Jezus dat wist, en zeker de Schriften had gelezen en innerlijk had begrepen, wist Hij al lang hoe Zijn aardse leven zou eindigen, en dat het noodzakelijk was dat het zou eindigen zoals "geschreven" was, om het menselijk geslacht te redden. Dus vertelde Hij de twee discipelen dat verhaal, terwijl zij naar Emmaüs liepen.

Meer over die wandeling... In het Woord verwijst elke verwijzing naar wandelen eigenlijk naar hoe wij ons leven leiden van dag tot dag. In veel verhalen uit het Woord wordt gezegd dat iemand met God wandelde. Er wordt gezegd dat we in Zijn wegen moeten wandelen en dat we het rechte en smalle pad moeten bewandelen.

Ook in dit verhaal wordt ons verteld dat dit een reis was van zestig stadia (in het oorspronkelijke Grieks). Zestig (of andere veelvouden van "zes") staat voor het levenslange werk van het verwerpen van de verleidingen die voortkomen uit ons aangeboren egoïsme. Apocalyps Uitgelegd 648. Dus, deze reis naar Emmaüs betekent onze levensreis - als een persoon die probeert de leringen van de Heer te volgen en een engel te worden.

De bestemming was Emmaüs. In het Woord vertegenwoordigt elke stad een leer, een georganiseerde set waarheden die we op een rijtje hebben gezet zodat we er naar kunnen leven -- onze leefregels. Zie Hemelse Verborgenheden 402. Ze zijn niet noodzakelijk goed, zoals Jeruzalem of Bethlehem, maar kunnen ook kwade leerstellingen zijn, b.v. Sodom of Babylon. Mijn woordenboek vertelt mij dat de naam Emmaüs "hete bronnen" betekent. Een andere universele betekenis in het Woord is dat water waarheid betekent in zijn heilzame gebruik, maar ook waarheid kan betekenen die in valsheid is verdraaid door hen die in de hel zijn, in een tegenovergestelde betekenis. Zie, bijvoorbeeld, Hemelse Verborgenheden 790. Denk aan de bronnen die Abraham groef, of het water dat Jezus beloofde aan de vrouw van Samaria toen zij sprak bij de bron van Jakob, of de zuivere rivier van water die stroomt van onder de troon in het Nieuwe Jeruzalem in het boek Openbaring. In de omgekeerde betekenis, waar water vernietigend is, denk aan de zondvloed die allen vernietigde behalve Noach en zijn familie, of de Rode Zee die moest worden gespleten zodat de kinderen van Israël konden oversteken. De bronnen die Emmaüs voorstelde waren heilige waarheden die opborrelden uit het Woord voor ons om te gebruiken. En dit zijn hete bronnen, en hitte betekent liefde. Dat is dus onze bestemming, waar waarheid en liefde samen voor ons uitstromen om te gebruiken, in een voortdurende stroom van de Heer.

Deze eenvoudige kleine anekdote over de ontmoeting van de discipelen met de Heer op de weg naar Emmaüs is niet alleen een verhaal over Jezus' opstanding met een geestelijk lichaam. Het is ook een verhaal over hoe wij ons leven zouden moeten leven. Wij kunnen naar de hemel reizen, naar de Heer luisteren, met Hem op weg gaan, en aan het eind zal Hij brood breken en avondmaal met ons houden.

Commentaar

 

Happiness From Living Usefully

Door Bill Woofenden

Rider Attacked by a Jaguar, by Eugène Delacroix

"Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness." Judges 14:14

Additional readings: Luke 24:16-53, Psalms 107:1-13, Psalm 108

This text is known as Samson's Riddle. It may be called "The Riddle of Life." The Scripture setting of our text is found in the fourteenth chapter of Judges: "Then went Samson down...to Timnath...and, behold, a young lion roared against him. And the Spirit of the Lord came mightily upon him, and he rent him as he would have rent a kid.... And after a time he returned...and he turned aside to see the carcass of the lion: and, behold, there was a swarm of bees and honey in the carcass of the lion… And Samson said, 'I will now put forth a riddle unto you… "Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness."'"

The Word in the letter throughout is wonderful. Through our knowledge of the letter of the Word the Lord speaks to us. Through our reading of it the Lord's presence and power come into our lives.

The stories of Samson have a strong appeal. They are among the best known of the Bible stories, and are often quoted. Samson is a synonym for strength. His many feats are a marvel—the slaying of the lion, the carrying away of the great gates of Gaza, the pulling down of the temple of Dagon.

We should note carefully that Samson did not perform these deeds in his own strength, for it is written that "the Spirit of the Lord came mightily upon him." We are familiar with examples of remarkable endurance and of physical strength in apparently weak persons in emergencies and under stress of emotion. And there is this statement in the writings: "Man's thought from his will produces all the strength of his body, and if it were inspired by the Lord through His Divine truth, man would have the strength of Samson" (Arcana Coelestia 10182). It is unwise to set limits on what the Lord can accomplish through the human form brought into the Divine order. We are today very far from what is possible for us in physical as well as in spiritual powers. The literal accuracy of the Samson stories has been questioned, but we should not be among the questioners.

Samson was called a Nazarite, as he took the vows of Nazariteship, and the life and deeds of Samson are prophetic of the Lord's work in His early youth and manhood. As a Nazarite Samson represented the natural humanity of the Lord which, armed with the Divine truth, battled with the hells and overcame them.

Samson's strength is said to have been in his long hair. This is representative. The hair is the outmost of the body, external even to the skin, and represents the very outmosts of our life, the life that is directly in contact with the world.

Translating this relationship to things of the mind, the hair represents our thoughts which we carry out into actions, and in a particular sense the literal meaning of the Divine Word which is its outward sense. Truth is strong and effective when it is brought out and applied directly to the doings of our outward life.

We may entertain many ideas of what is allowable for us to do, but when we consult the commandments, the truth confronts us in the plain practical form of self-denial. And we can devise no ingenious argument which will break the practical force of these laws of conduct. "Whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken: but on whomsoever it shall fall it will grind him into powder" (Matthew 21:44). In fact the word Nazarite means self-denying. Said Hannah of her son Samuel, "I will give him unto the Lord all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head" (1 Samuel 1:11).

Because the power of literal truth is represented by the hair, Elijah and John the Baptist, who taught obedience to the laws of God, are particularly represented as hairy men. If we keep the precepts of the Word in our outward lives, the Lord can inflow and give us power. No power is exerted by holding truth in the memory and not letting it operate in our lives. It is in the doing of the truth that the Lord's power is manifested in us.

It was not in his own strength that Samson slew the lion. It is written, "And the Spirit of the Lord came mightily upon him, and he rent him as he would have rent a kid." When Samson suffered his hair to be cut, his strength left him. If we take away the outward deeds in which power is embodied and acts, we deprive good and truth of the instrument or means by which they can exert their power.

There is a lesson for us in Samson's slaying the lion. In a good sense the lion, as the king of beasts, represents the mighty power of truth fighting against evil, and especially the mighty power which is in the letter of the Word of God. In this good sense the Lord is called "the Lion of the tribe of Judah" (Revelation 5:5). But when, as in this story of Samson, the lion is used in a bad sense, it represents the power of truth perverted and turned into falsity, that power within us which wages war against the spirit of Divine truth and stands in our way to prevent our doing what is good in practical life. This lion is the demand to conform to the natural-mindedness and self-seeking of the world. It represents the terrible power of the natural mind when it is working for self-advantage, the destructive power which we see so active in the world today. Such lions are frequently mentioned in Scripture. "They gaped upon me with their mouths, as a ravening and a roaring lion" (Psalm 22:13) and "My soul is among the lions" (Psalm 57:4).

There is a time when we should learn the truth and do it simply because it is the truth. A soldier is not made just by giving him equipment. He must learn to use it and to obey. The armor of the spirit has to be proved. And we are assured that if we learn and keep the precepts of the Word because they are from the Lord, He Himself will be with us and give us the victory.

When Jesus sent the seventy forth to preach the Gospel, they returned again with joy saying, "Lord, even the devils are subject unto us through thy name" (Luke 10:17). "And he said unto them, I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven. Behold, I give unto you power to tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy: and nothing shall by any means hurt you" (Luke 10:19). Sometimes evils seem too strong for us. They are indeed too strong for us always, but they are not too strong for the Lord, The Spirit of the Lord can come upon us mightily as it came upon Samson.

On his return, Samson came upon the carcass of the lion. Using its skeleton as a hive, bees had made honey within it. Then Samson put forth his riddle: "Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness." None could guess this riddle.

It is a riddle to many today. They say, "How can I be happy by doing always what is true and right? How can I gain delight and pleasure by denying myself, by restraining my desires and curbing my passions?" This is a riddle and will always be a riddle to the natural man.

But self-denial does not mean the giving up of the affections and desires with which the Lord has endowed us, but only that we use them as they were meant to be used. Only so can we really enjoy them and only so can the Lord bless us through them. When we cease to misuse and abuse our faculties, when we have put away evil from our doings, we find that we have not lost anything. Our affections remain, and they have been purified and sweetened. The natural affections that stood in the way of our regeneration will be increased in power and allowed full freedom once the desire for evil has been slain.

This is a great truth, namely, that when heavenly love, love to the Lord and to the neighbor, inflow into our affections, cleansing and purifying them, we come into the fullness of life. No good thing does the Lord ever wish to withhold from us. No evil man can possibly be happy. That is why the Lord came into the world to make clear the way of life and to give the power to overcome evil. Evil may promise happiness, but its promises are false; in the end it will curse and not bless. Happiness is the result of overcoming evil.

Of those that walk in the way of the Lord, of those that keep the commandments and precepts of the Word in their outward acts it is written: "No lion shall be there, nor any ravenous beast shall go up thereon... And the ransomed of the Lord shall return, and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall obtain joy and. gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away" (Isaiah 35:9-10).