Biblija

 

II Samuël 11

Studija

   

1 En het geschiedde met de wederkomst van het jaar, ter tijde als de koningen uittrekken, dat David Joab, en zijn knechten met hem, en gans Israel henenzond, dat zij de kinderen Ammons verderven, en Rabba belegeren zouden. Doch David bleef te Jeruzalem.

2 Zo geschiedde het tegen den avondtijd, dat David van zijn leger opstond, en wandelde op het dak van het koningshuis, en zag van het dak een vrouw, zich wassende; deze vrouw nu was zeer schoon van aanzien.

3 En David zond henen, en ondervraagde naar deze vrouw; en men zeide: Is dat niet Bathseba, de dochter van Eliam, de huisvrouw van Uria, den Hethiet?

4 Toen zond David boden henen, en liet haar halen. En als zij tot hem ingekomen was, lag hij bij haar, (zij nu had zich van haar onreinigheid gezuiverd), daarna keerde zij weder naar haar huis.

5 En die vrouw werd zwanger; zo zond zij henen, en liet David weten, en zeide: Ik ben zwanger geworden.

6 Toen zond David tot Joab, zeggende: Zend Uria, den Hethiet, tot mij. En Joab zond Uria tot David.

7 Als nu Uria tot hem kwam, zo vraagde David naar den welstand van Joab, en naar den welstand des volks, en naar den welstand des krijgs.

8 Daarna zeide David tot Uria: Ga af naar uw huis, en was uw voeten. En toen Uria uit des konings huis uitging, volgde hem een gerecht des konings achterna.

9 Maar Uria legde zich neder voor de deur van des konings huis, met al de knechten zijns heren; en hij ging niet af in zijn huis.

10 En zij gaven het David te kennen, zeggende: Uria is niet afgegaan in zijn huis. Toen zeide David tot Uria: Komt gij niet van de reis? Waarom zijt gij niet afgegaan in uw huis?

11 En Uria zeide tot David: De ark, en Israel, en Juda blijven in de tenten; en mijn heer Joab, en de knechten mijns heren zijn gelegerd op het open veld, en zou ik in mijn huis gaan, om te eten en te drinken, en bij mijn huisvrouw te liggen? Zo waarachtig als gij leeft en uw ziel leeft, indien ik deze zaak doen zal!

12 Toen zeide David tot Uria: Blijf ook heden hier, zo zal ik u morgen afzenden. Alzo bleef Uria te Jeruzalem, dien dag en den anderen dag.

13 En David nodigde hem, zodat hij voor zijn aangezicht at en dronk, en hij maakte hem dronken. Daarna ging hij in den avond uit, om zich neder te leggen op zijn leger, met zijns heren knechten, maar ging niet af in zijn huis.

14 Des morgens nu geschiedde het, dat David een brief schreef aan Joab; en hij zond dien door de hand van Uria.

15 En hij schreef in dien brief, zeggende: Stel Uria vooraan tegenover den sterksten strijd, en keer van achter hem af, opdat hij geslagen worde en sterve.

16 Zo geschiedde het, als Joab op de stad gelet had, dat hij Uria stelde aan de plaats, waarvan hij wist, dat aldaar strijdbare mannen waren.

17 Als nu de mannen der stad uittogen en met Joab streden, vielen er van het volk, van Davids knechten, en Uria, de Hethiet, stierf ook.

18 Toen zond Joab heen, en liet David den gansen handel van dezen strijd weten.

19 En hij beval den bode, zeggende: Als gij zult geeindigd hebben den gansen handel van dezen strijd tot den koning uit te spreken;

20 En het zal geschieden, indien de grimmigheid des konings opkomt, en hij tot u zegt: Waarom zijt gij zo na aan de stad gekomen om te strijden? Wist gij niet, dat zij van den muur zouden schieten?

21 Wie sloeg Abimelech, den zoon van Jerubbeseth? Wierp niet een vrouw een stuk van een molensteen op hem van den muur, dat hij te Thebez stierf? Waarom zijt gij tot den muur genaderd? Dan zult gij zeggen: Uw knecht, Uria, de Hethiet, is ook dood.

22 En de bode ging heen, en kwam in, en gaf David te kennen alles, waar hem Joab om uitgezonden had.

23 En de bode zeide tot David: Die mannen zijn ons zeker te machtig geweest, en zijn tot ons uitgetogen in het veld; maar wij zijn tegen hen aan geweest tot aan de deur der poort.

24 Toen schoten de schutters van den muur af op uw knechten, dat er van des konings knechten dood gebleven zijn; en uw knecht, Uria, de Hethiet, is ook dood.

25 Toen zeide David tot den bode: Zo zult gij tot Joab zeggen: Laat deze zaak niet kwaad zijn in uw ogen, want het zwaard verteert zowel dezen als genen; versterk uw strijd tegen de stad, en verstoor ze; versterk hem alzo.

26 Als nu de huisvrouw van Uria hoorde, dat haar man Uria dood was, zo droeg zij leed over haar heer.

27 En als de rouw was overgegaan, zond David heen, en nam haar in zijn huis; en zij werd hem ter vrouwe, en baarde hem een zoon. Doch deze zaak, die David gedaan had, was kwaad in de ogen des HEEREN.

   

Komentar

 

Sword

  

A 'sword,' as in Ezekiel 21:9-15, signifies a person so desolated that he can see nothing good and true, but only falsities and contradictions. A 'sword,' in the Word, signifies the truth of faith combating and the vastation of truth. In an opposite sense, it signifies falsity combating and the punishment of falsity.

The 'sword,' in Revelation 1:16, represents a dispersion of falsities by the Lord because the sword came out from His mouth, which means it comes from the Word. Because the Word is understood by doctrine taken from it, this is also symbolically meant. It is called a sharp two-edged sword because it pierces the heart and soul.

A 'flaming sword which turned every way,' as in Genesis 3:24, signifies divine truth in extremes, which, like the Word in its literal sense, can be turned.

(Reference: Arcana Coelestia 2799)


Iz Swedenborgovih djela

 

Arcana Coelestia #2039

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2039. 'Every male [among you] is to be circumcised' means purity. This is clear from the representation and consequently the meaning of 'circumcising' in the internal sense. Circumcision or cutting off the foreskin meant nothing else than the removal and rejection of those elements which stand in the way of and defile heavenly love, namely evil desires, especially those of self-love, and falsities resulting from those desires. The reason why this is the meaning is that the genital organs of both sexes represent heavenly love. There are three kinds of love which constitute the heavenly things of the Lord's kingdom - conjugial love, the love of infants, and social or mutual love. Conjugial love is the chief love of all because it has within it the end of serving the greatest use, namely the propagating of the human race, and therefore of the Lord's kingdom for which it is the seminary. Next to conjugial love, and deriving from it, comes the love of infants, and after that social or mutual love. Whatever covers over, obstructs, and defiles those loves is meant by the foreskin, the cutting away of which, or circumcision, therefore became representative. Indeed to the extent evil desires and resulting falsities are removed, a person is purified and heavenly love can show itself. How contrary self-love is to heavenly love, and how filthy, has been stated and shown in 760, 1307, 1308, 1321, 1594, 2045, 2057. From these considerations it is plain that circumcision in the internal sense means purity.

[2] That circumcision is no more than the sign of a covenant or of conjunction becomes quite clear from the fact that circumcising the foreskin counts for absolutely nothing if unaccompanied by circumcision of the heart; and that purification from those filthy loves is what circumcision of the heart means is quite evident from the following places in the Word: In Moses,

Jehovah God will circumcise your heart, and the heart of your seed, so that you will love Jehovah your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live. Deuteronomy 30:6.

From these words it is clear that 'circumcising the heart' means being purified from filthy loves in order that Jehovah God or the Lord may be loved with all the heart and all the soul.

[3] In Jeremiah,

Break up your fallow ground, and do not sow among thorns. Circumcise yourselves to Jehovah, and remove the foreskin of your heart, O men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem. Jeremiah 4:3-4.

'Circumcising oneself to Jehovah and removing the foreskin of the heart' is nothing other than removing such things as stand in the way of heavenly love. From this it is also clear that circumcision of the heart is something more interior that is meant by circumcision of the foreskin. In Moses,

You shall circumcise the foreskin of your heart, and you shall be stiff-necked no longer. [Jehovah] executes judgement for the orphan and the widow, and loves the sojourner, giving him bread and clothing. Deuteronomy 10:16, 18.

Here also it is plain that 'circumcising the foreskin of the heart' means being purified from the evils that accompany filthy loves and from resulting falsities. The heavenly things of love are described as charitable works, namely 'executing judgement for the orphan and widow', and 'loving the sojourner to give him bread and clothing'.

[4] In Jeremiah,

Behold, the days are coming in which I will visit every one circumcised in the foreskin - Egypt, and Judah, and Edom, and the children of Ammon, and Moab, and all that have the corners [of their hair] cut and who dwell in the wilderness, for all these nations are uncircumcised, and all the house of Israel is uncircumcised in heart. Jeremiah 9:25-26.

This too shows that circumcision was a sign meaning purification. Although they are called 'circumcised in the foreskin', these nations - the Jews included along with the rest - are considered to be 'uncircumcised nations', and Israel to be 'uncircumcised in heart'. In Moses,

If at that time their uncircumcised heart is humbled. Leviticus 26:41.

Here the meaning is similar.

[5] That the foreskin and being uncircumcised means that which is unclean is clear in Isaiah,

Awake, awake, put on your strength, O Zion, put on your beautiful garments, O Jerusalem, the holy city, for there will no more come into you the uncircumcised and the unclean. Isaiah 52:1.

'Zion' is used to mean the celestial Church and 'Jerusalem' the spiritual Church into which the uncircumcised, which means the unclean, will not enter.

[6] That circumcision is 'a sign of the covenant' or token of conjunction is quite clear from the fact that the same was represented by the requirement to circumcise the fruits of trees also, spoken of in Moses as follows,

When you come into the land and plant any kind of tree for food you shall circumcise its foreskin, its fruit. For three years it shall be to you uncircumcised; it shall not be eaten. And in the fourth all its fruit shall be holy. to the praises of Jehovah. Leviticus 19:23-24.

'Fruit' similarly represents and means charity, as becomes clear from many places in the Word. Their 'foreskin' accordingly means the uncleanness that obstructs and pollutes charity.

[7] Here is a marvel: When angels in heaven conceive the idea of purification from natural things that are filthy, something akin to circumcision is represented very speedily in the world of spirits, for in the world of spirits angelic ideas come over as representatives. In the Jewish Church there were some representative religious ceremonies which had those same origins and there were others which did not. The spirits with whom that swift circumcision was represented in the world of spirits were people who wished to be allowed into heaven, but before they were allowed in this representation took place. This explains why Joshua was commanded to circumcise the people after they had crossed the Jordan and were about to enter the land of Canaan. The people's entry into the land of Canaan represented nothing else than the admission into heaven of those who have had faith.

[8] This is why circumcision was commanded a second time, described in Joshua as follows,

Jehovah said to Joshua, Make swords of flint for yourself; circumcise the children of Israel a second time. And Joshua made swords of flint for himself, and circumcised the children of Israel on the hill of foreskins. And Jehovah said to Joshua, This day I have rolled away the reproach of Egypt from you. And he called the name of that place Gilgal (rolling away). Joshua 5:2-3, 9.

'Swords of flint' means the truths which they were to be provided with to enable them to correct and cut back filthy loves, for without cognitions of truth no purification is possible. That 'stone' or 'flirt' means truths has been shown already, in 643, 1298, and that 'a sword' has reference to truths by which evils may be corrected is clear from the Word.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.