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Bibliorum

 

Λευιτικόν 4

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1 Και ελαλησε Κυριος προς τον Μωυσην, λεγων,

2 Λαλησον προς τους υιους Ισραηλ, λεγων, Εαν ψυχη τις αμαρτηση εξ αγνοιας και εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο του Κυριου να μη πραττωνται πραξη τι εξ αυτων·

3 εαν μεν ο ιερευς ο κεχρισμενος αμαρτηση ωστε να ενοχοποιηση τον λαον, τοτε θελει φερει, δια την αμαρτιαν αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε, μοσχον βοος αμωμον προς τον Κυριον δια προσφοραν περι αμαρτιας.

4 Και θελει φερει τον μοσχον εις την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου ενωπιον του Κυριου· και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην του μοσχου, και θελουσι σφαξει τον μοσχον ενωπιον του Κυριου.

5 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς ο κεχρισμενος απο του αιματος του μοσχου και φερει αυτο εις την σκηνην του μαρτυριου·

6 και θελει εμβαψει ο ιερευς τον δακτυλον αυτου εις το αιμα και θελει ραντισει απο του αιματος επτακις ενωπιον του Κυριου, εμπροσθεν του καταπετασματος του αγιαστηριου.

7 Και θελει βαλει ο ιερευς απο του αιματος επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ευωδους θυμιαματος, το οποιον ειναι ενωπιον του Κυριου εν τη σκηνη του μαρτυριου· και θελει χυσει παν το αιμα του μοσχου εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος, το οποιον ειναι εις την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου.

8 Και απαν το στεαρ του μοσχου της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας θελει αφαιρεσει απ' αυτου· το στεαρ το περικαλυπτον τα εντοσθια, και απαν το στεαρ το επι των εντοσθιων·

9 και τους δυο νεφρους και το στεαρ το επ' αυτων το προς τα πλευρα, και τον επανω λοβον του ηπατος, τον οποιον μετα των νεφρων θελει αφαιρεσει,

10 καθ' ον τροπον αφαιρειται απο του μοσχου της θυσιας της ειρηνικης· και θελει καυσει αυτα ο ιερευς επι του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος·

11 και το δερμα του μοσχου και παν το κρεας αυτου μετα της κεφαλης αυτου και μετα των ποδων αυτου και τα εντοσθια αυτου και την κοπρον αυτου·

12 και θελει φερει ολον τον μοσχον εξω του στρατοπεδου εις τοπον καθαρον, οπου χυνεται η στακτη, και θελει καυσει αυτον επι ξυλων δια πυρος· οπου χυνεται η στακτη, θελει καυθη.

13 Εαν δε πασα η συναγωγη του Ισραηλ αμαρτηση εξ αγνοιας και το πραγμα κρυφθη απο των οφθαλμων της συναγωγης και εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο του Κυριου να μη πραττωνται, πραξωσι και ηναι ενοχοι·

14 οταν γνωρισθη η αμαρτια την οποιαν ημαρτησαν κατα τουτο, τοτε θελει προσφερει η συναγωγη μοσχον εκ βοων δια την αμαρτιαν και θελει φερει αυτον εμπροσθεν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου.

15 Και οι πρεσβυτεροι της συναγωγης θελουσιν επιθεσει τας χειρας αυτων επι την κεφαλην του μοσχου ενωπιον του Κυριου· και θελουσι σφαξει τον μοσχον ενωπιον του Κυριου.

16 Και ο ιερευς ο κεχρισμενος θελει φερει απο του αιματος του μοσχον εις την σκηνην του μαρτυριου·

17 και θελει εμβαψει ο ιερευς τον δακτυλον αυτου εις το αιμα και θελει ραντισει επτακις ενωπιον του Κυριου εμπροσθεν του καταπετασματος·

18 και θελει βαλει απο του αιματος επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου, του ενωπιον του Κυριου, το οποιον ειναι εν τη σκηνη του μαρτυριου· και θελει χυσει παν το αιμα εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος, το οποιον ειναι εις την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου.

19 Και παν το στεαρ αυτου θελει αφαιρεσει απ' αυτου και καυσει επι του θυσιαστηριου.

20 Και θελει καμει εις τον μοσχον καθ' ον τροπον εκαμεν εις τον μοσχον της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας· ουτω θελει καμει εις αυτον· και θελει καμει εξιλεωσιν υπερ αυτων ο ιερευς και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτους.

21 Και θελει εκβαλει τον μοσχον εξω του στρατοπεδου και καυσει αυτον, καθως εκαυσε τον πρωτον μοσχον· ειναι προσφορα περι αμαρτιας υπερ της συναγωγης·

22 Οταν δε αρχων τις αμαρτηση και πραξη εξ αγνοιας τι εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο Κυριου του Θεου αυτου να μη πραττωνται, και ηναι ενοχος·

23 η εαν η αμαρτια αυτου, την οποιαν ημαρτησε, γνωστοποιηθη εις αυτον, τοτε θελει φερει την προσφοραν αυτου, τραγον εξ αιγων, αρσενικον αμωμον.

24 και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην του τραγου, και θελουσι σφαξει αυτο εν τω τοπω οπου σφαζουσι το ολοκαυτωμα ενωπιον του Κυριου· ειναι προσφορα περι αμαρτιας.

25 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς απο του αιματος της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας δια του δακτυλου αυτου, και βαλει επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος και θελει χυσει το αιμα αυτου εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος.

26 Και απαν το στεαρ αυτου θελει καυσει επι του θυσιαστηριου, ως το στεαρ της θυσιας της ειρηνικης προσφορας· και θελει καμει εξιλεωσιν υπερ αυτου ο ιερευς περι της αμαρτιας αυτου, και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτον.

27 Εαν δε ψυχη τις εκ του λαου της γης αμαρτηση εξ αγνοιας, πραττων τι εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο του Κυριου να μη πραττωνται, και ηναι ενοχος.

28 η εαν γνωστοποιηθη εις αυτον η αμαρτια αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε· τοτε θελει φερει την προσφοραν αυτου, τραγον εξ αιγων, θηλυκον αμωμον, δια την αμαρτιαν αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε·

29 και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας, και θελουσι σφαξει την περι αμαρτιας προσφοραν εν τω τοπω του ολοκαυτωματος.

30 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς δια του δακτυλου αυτου απο του αιματος αυτου, και βαλει επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος και παν το αιμα αυτου θελει χυσει εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου·

31 και παν το στεαρ αυτου θελει αφαιρεσει, καθως αφαιρειται το στεαρ απο της θυσιας της ειρηνικης προσφορας· και θελει καυσει αυτο ο ιερευς επι του θυσιαστηριου εις οσμην ευωδιας προς τον Κυριον· και θελει καμει εξιλεωσιν υπερ αυτου ο ιερευς, και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτον.

32 Εαν δε φερη προβατον δια προσφοραν αυτου περι αμαρτιας, θελει φερει αυτο θηλυκον αμωμον·

33 και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας, και θελουσι σφαξει αυτο δια προσφοραν περι αμαρτιας, εν τω τοπω οπου σφαζουσι το ολοκαυτωμα.

34 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς απο του αιματος της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας δια του δακτυλου αυτου και βαλει επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος και απαν το αιμα αυτου θελει χυσει εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου·

35 και θελει αφαιρεσει παν το στεαρ αυτου, καθως αφαιρειται το στεαρ του προβατου απο της θυσιας της ειρηνικης προσφορας· και θελει καυσει αυτα ο ιερευς επι του θυσιαστηριου κατα τας προσφορας τας γινομενας δια πυρος εις τον Κυριον· και θελει καμει ο ιερευς εξιλεωσιν περι της αμαρτιας αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε, και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτον.

   

from the Writings of Emanuel Swedenborg

 

Arcana Coelestia #9506

Studere hoc loco

  
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9506. 'And you shall make a mercy-seat from pure gold' means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship arising from the good of love. This is clear from the meaning of 'the mercy-seat' as the cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins, consequently the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'gold' as the good of love, dealt with in 113, 1551, 1552, 5658, 6914. The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins is clear from those places in the Word where propitiation or expiation is referred to. 1 The reason why the hearing and reception of all things belonging to worship is also meant is that only those who have made propitiation or expiation, that is, been cleansed from evils, are heard by the Lord and have their worship accepted by Him; it does not happen with those who are steeped in evils, that is, have not made expiation or propitiation. Therefore also Aaron was not allowed to approach the mercy-seat until he had been cleansed and had made propitiation for himself and the people.

[2] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' consequently means the hearing and reception of all things that belong to worship is also clear from the consideration that Jehovah spoke to Moses over the mercy-seat between the cherubs. The reason why worship arising from the good of love is that which is received is that no one is allowed to enter heaven and so approach the Lord other than a person who is governed by good, that is to say, by the good of love to the Lord and the good of charity towards the neighbour, see 8516, 8539, 8722, 8772, 9139, 9227, 9230, 9274; no one else is heard nor can anyone else's worship be received. This also explains why there were cherubs over the mercy-seat; for watchfulness and providence are meant by 'the cherubs', guarding against access to the Lord except through the good of love, that is, guarding against entrance into heaven by any apart from those who are governed by good, and also guarding against those in hell gaining access to the inhabitants of heaven and doing them harm. All this shows what was meant by the presence of the mercy-seat over the ark and by that of the cherubs over the mercy-seat, and by the fact that the mercy-seat and the cherubs too were made from pure gold; for 'gold' means the good of love, and 'the ark' heaven where the Lord is.

[3] The truth that 'the mercy-seat' means the cleansing from evils, and so the forgiveness of sins, is clear from places in the Word where 'propitiation' or 'expiation' 2 is referred to, as in David,

O Jehovah, expiate our sins for Your name's sake. Psalms 79:9.

In the same author,

He, being merciful, has expiated iniquity. Psalms 78:38.

In the same author,

You will expiate me with hyssop and I shall become clean; You will wash me and I shall be made whiter than snow. Psalms 51:7.

In Isaiah,

Evil will come upon you, which you will not know how to ward off; calamity will befall you, which you will not be able to expiate. Isaiah 47:11.

And in Moses,

Sing, O nations, the people of Him who will avenge the blood of His servants, and will expiate His land, His people. Deuteronomy 32:43.

[4] Expiations were effected by means of sacrifices; and it says that when they were offered the priest would expiate him from sin, and he would be pardoned, 3 Leviticus 4:26, 31, 35; 5:6, 10, 13, 16, 18; 6:7; 9:7; 15:15, 30. Expiation was also effected by 'silver', Exodus 30:16; Psalms 49:7. Hence also the day of expiations 4 before the feast of tabernacles, Leviticus 23:27-32. But it should be recognized that none of those expiations constituted a real cleansing from evils or forgiveness of sins; it only represented it. For every religious observance among the Israelite and Jewish nation was merely representative of the Lord, His kingdom and Church, and such realities as belong to heaven and the Church. How representations brought such realities to angels' awareness in heaven, see 9229.

[5] Since the cleansing from evils and forgiveness of sins was meant by 'the mercy-seat', the hearing and reception of all things that belonged to worship was also meant; for one who has been cleansed from evils is heard and his worship is received. This was represented by Jehovah's speaking above the mercy-seat to Moses and His commanding what the children of Israel should do, as is clear from verse 22 of the present chapter, where it says,

And I will meet with you there, and I will speak to you from above the mercy-seat, from between the two cherubs which are over the ark of the Testimony, [declaring] everything that I shall command you for the children of Israel.

The like occurs elsewhere,

Whenever Moses spoke to Jehovah he heard the voice speaking from above the mercy-seat that was over the ark of the Testimony, from between the two cherubs. Numbers 7:89.

The fact that a person was heard and his worship was received when he had been cleansed from evils was represented by Aaron's not going into the holy place within the veil before the mercy-seat unless he had first made expiation for himself and the people, by ceremonial washing, sacrifices, incense, and blood, as stated in Leviticus 16:2-16, which concludes,

In this way he shall expiate the holy place from the uncleannesses of the children of Israel, and from their transgressions in regard of all their sins.

It also says in verse 2 that Jehovah would appear at the mercy-seat 'in the cloud', meaning in Divine Truth adjusted to people's ability to receive and understand it, such as the Word is in the sense of the letter, 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343 (end), 6752, 8106, 8443, 8781.

V:

1. The Latin word propitiatorium rendered the mercy-seat may be translated more literally as the place of propitiation.

2. The Hebrew verb behind expiate, used in an uncommon way in the following quotations, means cover over. The Latin verb generally means atone for or purify what is defiled.

3. i.e. the priest shall make atonement for the person's sin, and the person will stand forgiven

4. Generally known as the day of atonement

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

Bibliorum

 

Exodus 3

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1 Now Moses was keeping the flock of Jethro, his father-in-law, the priest of Midian, and he led the flock to the back of the wilderness, and came to God's mountain, to Horeb.

2 The angel of Yahweh appeared to him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush. He looked, and behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.

3 Moses said, "I will turn aside now, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt."

4 When Yahweh saw that he turned aside to see, God called to him out of the midst of the bush, and said, "Moses! Moses!" He said, "Here I am."

5 He said, "Don't come close. Take your sandals off of your feet, for the place you are standing on is holy ground."

6 Moreover he said, "I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look at God.

7 Yahweh said, "I have surely seen the affliction of my people who are in Egypt, and have heard their cry because of their taskmasters, for I know their sorrows.

8 I have come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land to a good and large land, to a land flowing with milk and honey; to the place of the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.

9 Now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel has come to me. Moreover I have seen the oppression with which the Egyptians oppress them.

10 Come now therefore, and I will send you to Pharaoh, that you may bring forth my people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt."

11 Moses said to God, "Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?"

12 He said, "Certainly I will be with you. This will be the token to you, that I have sent you: when you have brought forth the people out of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain."

13 Moses said to God, "Behold, when I come to the children of Israel, and tell them, 'The God of your fathers has sent me to you;' and they ask me, 'What is his name?' What should I tell them?"

14 God said to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM," and he said, "You shall tell the children of Israel this: 'I AM has sent me to you.'"

15 God said moreover to Moses, "You shall tell the children of Israel this, 'Yahweh, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you.' This is my name forever, and this is my memorial to all generations.

16 Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and tell them, 'Yahweh, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob, has appeared to me, saying, "I have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt;

17 and I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt to the land of the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, to a land flowing with milk and honey."'

18 They will listen to your voice, and you shall come, you and the elders of Israel, to the king of Egypt, and you shall tell him, 'Yahweh, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us go three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to Yahweh, our God.'

19 I know that the king of Egypt won't give you permission to go, no, not by a mighty hand.

20 I will put forth my hand and strike Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in its midst, and after that he will let you go.

21 I will give this people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, and it will happen that when you go, you shall not go empty-handed.

22 But every woman shall ask of her neighbor, and of her who visits her house, jewels of silver, jewels of gold, and clothing; and you shall put them on your sons, and on your daughters. You shall plunder the Egyptians."

   

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