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利未记 4

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1 耶和华摩西

2 你晓谕以色列人:若有人在耶和华所吩咐不可行的甚麽事上误犯了件,

3 或是受膏的祭司犯,使百姓陷在里,就当为他所犯的把没有残疾的公牛犊献给耶和华为赎祭。

4 他要牵公牛到会幕口,在耶和华面前按在牛的上,把牛宰於耶和华面前。

5 受膏的祭司要取些公牛的血会幕

6 把指头蘸於血中,在耶和华面前对着所的幔子弹血次,

7 又要把些血抹在会幕内、耶和华面前的四角上,再把公牛所有的血倒在会幕口、燔祭坛的脚那里。

8 要把赎祭公牛所有的脂油,乃是盖脏的脂油和脏上所有的脂油,

9 并两个腰子和腰子上的脂油,就是靠腰两旁的脂油,与上的网子和腰子,一概取下,

10 与平安祭公牛上所取的一样;祭司要把这些烧在燔祭的上。

11 公牛的和所有的,并、脏、腑、粪,

12 就是全公牛,要搬到外洁净之地、倒灰之所,用烧在柴上。

13 以色列会众若行了耶和华所吩咐不可行的甚麽事,误犯了罪,是隐而未现,会众看不出来的,

14 会众知道所犯的就要献一只公牛犊为赎祭,牵到会幕前。

15 会中的长老就要在耶和华面前按在牛的上,将牛在耶和华面前宰了。

16 受膏的祭司要取些公牛的血会幕

17 把指头蘸於血中,在耶和华面前对着幔子弹血次,

18 又要把些血抹在会幕内、耶和华面前的四角上,再把所有的血倒在会幕口、燔祭坛的脚那里。

19 把牛所有的脂油都取下,烧在上;

20 收拾这牛,与那赎祭的牛一样。祭司要为他们赎,他们必蒙赦免。

21 他要把牛搬到外烧了,像烧头一个牛一样;这是会众的赎祭。

22 官长若行了耶和华─他所吩咐不可行的甚麽事,误犯了罪,

23 所犯的自己知道了,就要牵一只没有残疾的公山羊为供物,

24 在羊的上,宰於耶和华面前、宰燔祭牲的地方;这是赎祭。

25 祭司要用指头蘸些赎祭牲的血,抹在燔祭坛的四角上,把血倒在燔祭坛的脚那里。

26 所有的脂油,祭司都要烧在上,正如平安祭的脂油一样。至於他的,祭司要为他赎了,他必蒙赦免。

27 民中若有人行了耶和华所吩咐不可行的甚麽事,误犯了罪,

28 所犯的自己知道了,就要为所犯的牵一只没有残疾的母山羊为供物,

29 在赎祭牲的上,在那宰燔祭牲的地方宰了。

30 祭司要用指头蘸些羊的血,抹在燔祭坛的四角上,所有的血都要倒在的脚那里,

31 又要把羊所有的脂油都取下,正如取平安祭牲的脂油一样。祭司要在上焚烧,在耶和华面前作为馨的祭,为他赎罪,他必蒙赦免。

32 人若牵一只绵羊羔为赎祭的供物,必要牵一只没有残疾的母羊,

33 在赎祭牲的上,在那宰燔祭牲的地方宰了作赎祭。

34 祭司要用指头蘸些赎祭牲的血,抹在燔祭坛的四角上,所有的血都要倒在的脚那里,

35 又要把所有的脂油都取下,正如取平安祭羊羔的脂油一样。祭司要按献给耶和华火祭的条例,烧在上。至於所犯的,祭司要为他赎了,他必蒙赦免。

   

from the Writings of Emanuel Swedenborg

 

Arcana Coelestia #3519

Studere hoc loco

  
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3519. 'And take for me from there two good kids of the she-goats' means truths born from that good. This is clear from the meaning of 'kids of the she-goats' as truths born from good, dealt with below. The reason for having 'two' was that as in the rational so in the natural there are things of the will and those of the understanding. Things in the natural that belong to the will are delights, while those that belong to the understanding are facts. These two have to be joined together if they are to be anything at all.

[2] As regards 'kids of the she-goats' meaning truths born from good, this becomes clear from those places in the Word where kids and she-goats are mentioned. It should be recognized that all gentle and useful beasts mentioned in the Word mean in the genuine sense celestial things, which are forms of good, and spiritual things, which are forms of truth, see 45, 46, 142, 143, 246, 714, 715, 776, 2179, 2180, 2781, 3218. And since there are various genera of celestial things or forms of good, and consequently there are various genera of spiritual things or forms of truth, one beast has a different meaning from another; that is to say, a lamb has one meaning, a kid another, and a sheep, she-goat, ram, he-goat, young bull, or ox another, while a horse or a camel has yet another meaning. Birds have a different meaning again, as also do beasts of the sea, such as sea monsters, and fish. The genera of celestial and spiritual things, and consequently of forms of good and truth, are more than anyone can number, even though when that which is celestial or good is mentioned, and also when that which is spiritual or truth, this is not envisaged as being anything complex, consisting of many parts, but as a single entity. Yet how complex both of these are, that is, how countless the genera are of which they consist, may be seen from what has been stated about heaven in 3241, to the effect that it is distinguished into countless separate communities, according to the genera of celestial and spiritual things, that is, of goods of love and of derivative truths of faith. Furthermore each genus of good and each genus of truth has countless species into which the communities of each genus are separated. And each species in a similar way has separate sub-species.

[3] The commonest genera of good and truth are what the living creatures offered as burnt offerings and sacrifices represented. And because the genera are quite distinct and separate, people were explicitly commanded to use those living creatures and no others, that is to say, in some sacrifices lambs and ewe-lambs, and also kids and female kids of she-goats were to be used, in other sacrifices rams and sheep, and also he-goats, were to be used, while in other sacrifices again, calves, young bulls, and oxen, or else pigeons and doves, were to be used, see 992, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218. What kids and she-goats meant however becomes clear both from the sacrifices in which they used to be offered and from other places in the Word. These show that lambs and ewe-lambs meant innocence belonging to the internal or rational man, and kids and she-goats innocence belonging to the external or natural man, and so the truth and the good of the latter.

[4] The fact that truth and good present in the innocence that belongs to the external or natural man is meant by a kid and a she-goat is clear from the following places in the Word: In Isaiah,

The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the kid, the calf also and the young lion and the sheep together; and a little child will lead them. Isaiah 11:6.

This refers to the Lord's kingdom and to the state there in which people have no fear of evil, that is, no dread of hell, because they are with the Lord. 'The lamb' and 'the kid' stand for people who have innocence within them, and who, being the most secure of all, are mentioned first.

[5] When all the firstborn of Egypt were smitten the people were commanded to kill from among the lambs or among the kids a male without blemish, and to put some of the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of their houses; and so the destroyer would not strike them with the plague, Exodus 12:5, 7, 13. 'The firstborn of Egypt' means the good of love and charity that was wiped out, 3325. 'The lambs' and 'the kids' are states of innocence, in which those with whom these exist are secure from evil. Indeed all in heaven are kept secure by the Lord through states of innocence. That security was represented by the killing of the lamb or kid, and putting the blood on the doorposts and on the lintel of the houses. .

[6] To avert his own death when a person saw Jehovah manifested as an angel he would sacrifice 'a kid of the she-goats', as Gideon did when he saw Him, Judges 6:19, and also Manoah, Judges 13:15-16, 19. The reason they offered a kid was that Jehovah or the Lord cannot appear to anybody, not even to an angel, unless the one to whom He appears is in a state of innocence. Therefore as soon as the Lord is present people are brought into a state of innocence, for the Lord enters in by way of innocence, even with angels in heaven. Consequently no one is able to enter heaven unless he has a measure of innocence, according to the Lord's words recorded in Matthew 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17. Regarding people's belief that they would die when Jehovah appeared to them if they did not offer such a burnt offering, see Judges 13:22-23.

[7] Since genuine conjugial love is innocence itself, 2736, it was customary in the representative Church for a man to go to his wife with the gift of a kid of the she-goats, as one reads of Samson in Judges 15:1, and also of Judah when he visited Tamar, Genesis 38:17, 20, 23. The fact that 'a kid' and 'a she-goat' meant innocence is also evident from the sacrifices made as guilt offerings that a person would offer if he had sinned through error, Leviticus 1:10; 4:28; 5:6. Sinning through error is sinning through ignorance that has innocence within it. The same is evident from the following Divine command in Moses,

You shall bring the first of the firstfruits of your land to the house of Jehovah your God. You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk. Exodus 23:19; 34:26.

Here the requirement 'to bring the firstfruits of the land to the house of Jehovah' means the state of innocence which exists in early childhood; and 'not boiling a kid in its mother's milk' means that they were not to destroy the innocence of early childhood. This being their meaning, the one command, in both places referred to, follows directly after the other. In the literal sense there seems to be no connection at all between them as there is in the internal sense.

[8] Because kids and she-goats, as has been stated, meant innocence it was also required that the curtains over the tabernacle should be made from she-goat hair, Exodus 25:4; 26:7; 35:5-6, 23, 26; 36:14, as a sign that all the holy things represented in it depended for their very being on innocence. 'She-goat hair' means the last or outermost degree of innocence present in ignorance, such as exists with gentiles who in the internal sense are meant by the curtains of the tabernacle. These considerations now show what truths born of good are, and what the nature of these is, meant by the two good kids of the she-goats which Rebekah his mother spoke about to Jacob. That is to say, they are truths belonging to innocence or early childhood, meant also by the things which Esau was to bring to Isaac his father, dealt with in 3501, 3508. They were not in fact such truths, but initially they appeared to be. Thus it was that Jacob pretended by means of them to be Esau.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.