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Cuộc di cư 30

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1 Ngươi cũng hãy đóng một cái bàn thờ bằng cây si-tim, để xông hương.

2 Mặt bàn sẽ vuông, bề dài một thước, bề ngang một thước, và bề cao hai thước; bàn thờ sẽ có bốn sừng ló ra.

3 Ngươi hãy bọc vàng ròng trên mặt, bốn cạnh chung quanh và các sừng; còn tứ vi chạy đường viền vàng.

4 Dưới đường viền đó, nơi hai bên, hãy làm hai cái khoen bằng vàng, để xỏ đòn dùng đặng khiêng.

5 Hãy chuốt đòn khiêng bằng cây si-tim, bọc vàng.

6 Ngươi sẽ để bàn thờ đó trước bức màn che hòm bảng chứng đối cùng nắp thi ân trên hòm, là nơi ta sẽ gặp ngươi.

7 Mỗi buổi sớm mai, khi A-rôn làm đèn, sẽ xông hương tại nơi đó.

8 Vào lúc chiều tối, khi A-rôn thắp đèn, cũng sẽ xông hương: ấy là một thứ hương phải xông trước mặt Ðức Giê-hô-va luôn luôn, trải qua các đời.

9 Trên bàn thờ nầy chớ xông hương lạ, hoặc dâng của lễ thiêu, của lễ chay hay là lễ quán nào hết.

10 Nhưng trải qua các đời, mỗi năm một lần, A-rôn sẽ lấy huyết của con sinh tế chuộc tôi, bôi trên sừng bàn thờ nầy đặng chuộc tội cho nó. Ấy sẽ là một việc rất thánh cho Ðức Giê-hô-va.

11 Ðức Giê-hô-va cũng phán cùng Môi-se rằng:

12 Khi nào ngươi điểm số dân Y-sơ-ra-ên đặng kê sổ, mỗi tên phải nộp tiền đền mạng mình cho Ðức Giê-hô-va, hầu cho khỏi mắc tai nạn chi trong khi kê sổ.

13 Kẻ nào có tên trong sổ phải nộp nửa siếc-lơ, tùy siếc-lơ của nơi thánh, cận nặng hai mươi ghê-ra; vậy, nửa siếc-lơ, tức là của dâng cho Ðức Giê-hô-va.

14 Mọi người có tên vào sổ từ hai mươi tuổi sắp lên sẽ dâng của nầy cho Ðức Giê-hô-va.

15 Khi dâng của nầy cho Ðức Giê-hô-va đặng đền mạng mình, người giàu không nộp trội, người nghèo không nộp thiếu nửa siếc-lơ.

16 Vậy, ngươi thâu tiền đền mạng của dân Y-sơ-ra-ên, rồi dùng tiền đó vào việc hội mạc; ấy là một kỷ niệm của dân Y-sơ-ra-ên trước mặt Ðức Giê-hô-va, đặng đền mạng mình.

17 Ðức Giê-hô-va lại phán cùng Môi-se nữa rằng:

18 Ngươi hãy làm một cái thùng với chân thùng bằng đồng, đặng rửa mình ở trong, rồi để giữa khoảng của hội mạc và bàn thờ, và đổ nước vào.

19 A-rôn cùng các con trai người sẽ rửa taychân mình ở trong.

20 Khi họ vào hội mạc sẽ lấy nước rửa mình, hầu cho họ khỏi chết; và khi lại gần bàn thờ đặng phụng sự, tức là xông của lễ dùng lửa dâng cho Ðức Giê-hô-va, họ cũng phải giữ như vậy.

21 Thế thì, họ hãy rửa taychân, hầu cho khỏi chết. Ấy là một lệ đời đời cho A-rôn, cùng dòng dõi người trải qua các đời.

22 Ðức Giê-hô-va lại phán cùng Môi-se rằng:

23 Hãy góp các hương liệu tốt nhất: một dược nước năm trăm siếc-lơ; hương nhục quế phân nửa số đó, tức là hai trăm rưỡi; hương xương bồ hai trăm rưỡi;

24 quế-bì năm trăm, đều theo siếc-lơ nơi thánh, và một hin dầu ô-li-ve.

25 Ngươi hãy lấy các hương liệu đó theo phép hòa hương, chế ra một thứ dầu thơm dùng làm dầu xức thánh.

26 Ðoạn, lấy xức cho hội mạc cùng hòm bảng chứng,

27 bàn thờ cùng các đồ phụ tùng, chân đèn cùng các đồ phụ tùng, bàn thờ xông hương,

28 bàn thờ của lễ thiêu cùng các đồ phụ tùng, cái thùng và chân thùng.

29 Ấy vậy, ngươi sẽ biệt các vật nầy riêng ra thánh, hầu cho làm rất thánh, hễ món chi đụng đến, đều sẽ được nên thánh.

30 Ngươi cũng hãy xức dầu cho A-rôn cùng các con trai người, biệt họ riêng ra thánh, để làm chức tế lễ trước mặt ta.

31 Lại hãy nói cùng dân Y-sơ-ra-ên rằng: Về phần ta, dầu nầy sẽ là dầu xức thánh trải qua mọi đời các ngươi.

32 Chớ nên đổ trên xác thịt loài người, và cũng đừng làm dầu nào khác theo phép hòa hương đó; dầu nầy là thánh, cũng sẽ thánh cho các ngươi.

33 Hễ ai chế một thứ hòa hương giống như vậy, và đem rưới trên mình người ngoại bang, sẽ bị truất khỏi vòng dân sự.

34 Ðức Giê-hô-va phán cùng Môi-se nữa rằng: Hãy lấy các hương liệu, tức tô hiệp hương, loa yểm hương, phong chi hương, cùng thanh nhũ hương, mỗi thứ bằng nhau,

35 theo phép hòa hương, chế ra một thứ hương, mặn, trong và thánh.

36 Hãy nghiền nó ra bột, rồi để trước hòm bảng chứng trong hội mạc, tức là nơi ta sẽ gặp ngươi: về phần các ngươi, hương nầy sẽ là một vật rất thánh.

37 Còn thứ hương mà ngươi sẽ chế, chớ chế giống như phép hòa hương nầy; ấy là một vật ngươi nên biệt riêng ra thánh cho Ðức Giê-hô-va.

38 Hễ kẻ nào làm giống y như vậy đặng ngửi mùi, sẽ bị truất khỏi vòng dân sự.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 3147

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3147. And water to wash his feet. That this signifies purification there, is evident from the signification of “water for washing,” or of washing with water, as being to purify (concerning which presently); and from the signification of “feet,” as being natural things, or what is the same, the things in the natural man (see n. 2162). In the representative church it was customary to wash the feet with water, and thereby to signify that the unclean things of the natural man were washed away. The unclean things of the natural man are all those things which are of the love of self and of the love of the world; and when these unclean things have been washed away, then goods and truths flow in, for it is solely these unclean things that hinder the influx of good and truth from the Lord.

[2] For good is continually flowing in from the Lord, but when it comes through the internal or spiritual man to his external or natural man, it is there either perverted, turned back, or suffocated. But when the things which are of the love of self and of the love of the world are removed, then good is received there and is made fruitful; for then man practices the works of charity. This is evident from many considerations; as when in misfortune, distress, and sickness, the things that belong to the external or natural man are merely lulled, the man forthwith begins to think piously and to will what is good, and also to practice works of piety insofar as he is able; but when the state is changed, there is a change also in all this.

[3] These things were signified by the washings in the Ancient Church, and the same were represented in the Jewish Church, The reason why they were signified in the Ancient Church, but represented in the Jewish church, was that the man of the Ancient Church regarded the rite as a something external in worship, and did not believe that he was purified by that washing, but by the washing away of the impurities of the natural man, which as before said are the things which are of the love of self and of the world. But the man of the Jewish Church believed that he was purified by that washing; neither knowing nor desiring to know that the purification of the interiors was signified.

[4] That by “washing” is signified a cleansing from the impurities referred to, is evident in Isaiah:

Wash you, make you clean, put away the evil of your doings from before Mine eyes, cease to do evil (Isaiah 1:16); where it is evident that to “wash themselves” means to make themselves pure and to put away evils. Again:

When the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and shall have purged the blood of Jerusalem from the midst thereof, in the spirit of judgment and in the spirit of expurgation (Isaiah 4:4); where “washing away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and purging the blood of Jerusalem,” denotes purifying from evils and falsities.

In Jeremiah:

O Jerusalem, wash thy heart from wickedness, that thou mayest be saved. How long shall the thoughts of thine iniquity lodge within thee? (Jeremiah 4:14).

[5] In Ezekiel:

I washed thee with water, and I washed away thy bloods from upon thee, and anointed thee with oil (Jeremiah 16:9 [NCBSW: Ezekiel 16:9]); concerning Jerusalem, by which is there meant the Ancient Church; “washing with waters” denotes purifying from falsities; “washing away bloods” denotes purging from evils; “anointing with oil” denotes filling then with good.

In David:

Wash me from mine iniquity, and cleanse me from my sin. Thou shalt purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean; Thou shalt wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow (Psalms 51:2, 7).

Here “being washed” plainly denotes being purified from evils and their falsities.

[6] These are the things that were signified by “washing” in the representative church; and it was commanded for the sake of the representation that when they had become unclean they should wash the skin, the hands, the feet, and also the garments, and should be cleansed; by all which things were signified those which are of the natural man. Lavers also, of brass, were placed outside the temple, namely, the brazen sea and the ten brazen lavers (1 Kings 7:23-39); and a laver of brass at which Aaron and his sons were to wash was placed between the tent of meeting and the altar; and thus outside the tent (Exodus 30:18-19, 21); by which also was signified that only external or natural things were to be purified; for unless these have been purified, that is, unless the things that are of the love of self and of the world have been removed, the internal things which are of love to the Lord and toward the neighbor cannot possibly flow in, as before said.

[7] For the better understanding of how these things are circumstanced, namely, that external things are to be purified, take as an example and illustration good works, or what is the same, the goods of charity which at this day are called the fruits of faith; these are external things, because they are the exercises of charity. Good works are evil works unless those things are removed which are of the love of self and of the world; for when works are done before these have been removed, they indeed appear good outwardly, but are inwardly evil; for they are done either for the sake of reputation, or for gain, or for the sake of one’s honor, or for recompense, thus they are either self-meritorious 1 or hypocritical; for that which is of the love of self and the world causes the works to be such. But when these evils are removed, the works then become good; and they are goods of charity; that is, in them there is not regard to self, to the world, to reputation, to recompense; thus they are neither self-meritorious nor hypocritical; for then celestial love and spiritual love flow in from the Lord into the works and cause them to be love and charity in act; and then the Lord through these loves also purifies the natural or external man, and disposes it into order, so as to receive correspondently the celestial and spiritual things that flow in.

[8] This is clearly evident from what the Lord taught when He washed the feet of the disciples, as we read in John:

Then cometh He to Simon Peter; and Peter saith unto Him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet? Jesus answered and said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now, but thou shalt know hereafter. Peter saith unto Him, Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with Me. Simon Peter saith unto Him, Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head. Jesus saith to him, He that hath been washed, needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit; ye are clean already, but not all (John 13:4-17).

“He that hath been washed, needeth not save to wash his feet” signifies that he who has been reformed, has need only to be cleansed as to natural things, that is, has need that evils and falsities should be removed from them; and then all things are disposed into order by the influx of spiritual things from the Lord. Moreover to wash the feet was an office of charity, as meaning not to reflect on the evils of another; and it was also an office of humility, as meaning to cleanse another from evils as from impurities; as also is evident from the Lord’s words in the passage just quoted (verses 12-17; also Luke 7:37-38, 44, 46; John 11:2; 1 Samuel 25:41).

[9] Everybody can see that washing himself does not purify anyone from evils and falsities, but only from the impurities that cling to him; nevertheless, as washing was among the rites commanded in the church, it follows that it involves something special, namely, spiritual washing, that is, purification from the uncleannesses which inwardly adhere to man. Therefore they who knew these things in that church, and thought about the purification of the heart, or the removal of the evils of the love of self and of the love of the world from the natural man, and who endeavored to effect this with all diligence, observed the rite of washing as external worship according to commandment; but those who did not know this and did not desire to know it, but thought that the mere rite of washing their garments, skin, hands, and feet, would purify them, and that provided they did these things they might be allowed to live in avarice, hatreds, revenge, unmercifulness, and cruelties, which are spiritual impurity, practiced this rite as an idolatrous one. Nevertheless they could represent by it, and by representation exhibit something of the church, whereby there might be some conjunction of heaven with man before the Lord’s advent; yet such conjunction as affected the man of the church little or not at all.

[10] The Jews and Israelites were such that they had no thought about the internal man, nor willingness to know anything about it; thus none at all concerning celestial and spiritual things, relating to the life after death. But yet lest all communication with heaven and thus with the Lord should perish, they were bound to external rites, whereby internal things were signified. All their captivities and plagues were in general for the end that external rites might be strictly observed for the sake of the representation.

Hence then it was that Moses washed Aaron and his sons with water at the door of the tent, that they might be sanctified (Exodus 29:4 40:12; Leviticus 8:6); that Aaron and his sons were to wash their hands and feet before they entered into the tent of meeting and came near to the altar to minister, that they might not die; and that this was to be to them a statute forever (Exodus 30:18-21; 40:30-31); that Aaron was to wash his flesh before he put on the garments of ministry (Leviticus 16:4, 24); that the Levites were to be purified by being sprinkled with the water of expiation; and that they were to cause a razor to pass over their flesh, and to wash their garments, and thus should be pure (Numbers 8:6-7); that whoever should eat the carcass even of a clean beast, or one that was torn, should wash his garments, and bathe himself in water; and if he did not wash himself and bathe his flesh, he should bear his iniquity (Leviticus 17:15-16); that whoever touched the bed of one affected with the flux, or who sat upon a vessel on which he had sat, and whoever touched his flesh, should wash his garments, and bathe himself with water, and should be unclean till the evening (Leviticus 15:5-7, 10; 15:10-12); that whoever let go the he-goat, as a scape-goat, should wash his flesh (Leviticus 16:26); that when a leprous person was cleansed, he was to wash his garments, shave off all his hair, and wash himself with water, and he should be clean (Leviticus 14:8-9); nay, that the very vessels which were made unclean by the touch of things unclean, should be passed through water, and should be unclean until evening (Leviticus 11:32). From these things it may be seen that no one was made clean or pure as to internal things by the rite of washing, but only represented one pure or spiritually clean, for the reason given above. That this is so, the Lord teaches plainly in Matthew (15:1-2, 20), and (Matthew 15:20) in Mark (7:1-23).

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. The words “merit,” “to merit,” and “meritorious,” are used by Swedenborg in a bad sense, meaning self-merit, etc., except when applied to the Lord. [Reviser.]

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.