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Exodo 21

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1 Ito nga ang mga hatol na igagawad mo sa harap nila.

2 Kung ikaw ay bumili ng isang aliping Hebreo, ay anim na taong maglilingkod siya; at sa ikapito ay aalis siyang laya na walang sauling bayad.

3 Kung siya'y pumasok na magisa, ay aalis na mag-isa: kung may asawa ay aalis nga ang kaniyang asawa na kasama niya.

4 Kung siya'y bigyan ng kaniyang panginoon ng asawa, at magkaanak sa kaniya ng mga lalake, o mga babae; ang asawa at ang kaniyang mga anak ay magiging sa kaniyang panginoon, at siya'y aalis na magisa.

5 Datapuwa't kung maliwanag na sabihin ng alipin, Aking iniibig ang aking panginoon, ang aking asawa, at ang aking mga anak; ako'y hindi aalis na laya:

6 Kung magkagayo'y dadalhin siya ng kaniyang panginoon sa Dios, at dadalhin siya sa pinto, o sa haligi ng pinto; at bubutasan ng kaniyang panginoon ang kaniyang tainga ng isang pangbutas; at paglilingkuran niya siya magpakailan man.

7 At kung ipagbili ng isang lalake ang kaniyang anak na babae na maging alipin, ay hindi siya aalis na gaya ng pagalis ng mga aliping lalake.

8 Kung siya'y hindi makapagpalugod sa kaniyang panginoon, na umayaw magasawa sa kaniya, ay ipatutubos nga niya siya: walang kapangyarihang ipagbili siya sa isang taga ibang lupa, yamang siya'y nadaya.

9 At kung pinapag-asawa ng bumili sa kaniyang anak na lalake, ay kaniyang ipalalagay siya ng ayon sa kaugalian sa mga anak na babae.

10 Kung siya'y magasawa sa iba, ang kaniyang pagkain, ang kaniyang damit at ang kaniyang kapangyarihang pagkaasawa ay hindi niya babawasan.

11 At kung hindi niya gawin ang tatlong bagay na ito sa kaniya ay aalis nga siya na walang bayad, na walang tubos na salapi.

12 Ang sumakit sa isang tao, na ano pa't mamatay ay papataying walang pagsala.

13 At kung hindi sinasadya ng isang tao, kundi Dios ang naghulog sa kaniyang kamay; ay lalaanan kita ng isang dako na kaniyang tatakasan.

14 At kung magtangka ang sinoman sa kaniyang kapuwa, na pumatay na may daya, ay alisin mo siya sa aking dambana, upang patayin.

15 At ang sumakit sa kaniyang ama o sa kaniyang ina, ay papataying walang pagsala.

16 At ang magnakaw ng isang tao, at ipagbili, o masumpungan sa kaniyang kamay, ay papataying walang pagsala.

17 At ang lumait sa kaniyang ama, o sa kaniyang ina, ay papataying walang pagsala.

18 At kung may magbabag, at saktan ng isa ang isa, ng bato, o ng kaniyang suntok, at hindi mamatay, kundi mahiga lamang sa banig:

19 Kung makabangon uli, at makalakad sa tulong ng kaniyang tungkod, ay ligtas nga yaong sumakit sa kaniya; pagbabayaran lamang niya ang panahong nasayang, at kaniyang pagagalinging maigi.

20 At kung saktan ng sinoman ang kaniyang aliping lalake o babae, ng tungkod at mamatay sa kaniyang kamay; ay parurusahan siyang walang pagsala.

21 Gayon ma'y kung tumagal ng isang araw o dalawa, ay hindi siya parurusahan: sapagka't siya'y kaniyang salapi.

22 At kung may magbabag, at makasakit ng isang babaing buntis, na ano pa't makunan, at gayon ma'y walang karamdamang sumunod: ay tunay na papagbabayarin siya, ayon sa iatang sa kaniya ng asawa ng babae; at siya'y magbabayad ng ayon sa ipasiya ng mga hukom.

23 Datapuwa't kung may anomang karamdamang sumunod, magbabayad ka nga ng buhay kung buhay,

24 Mata kung mata, ngipin kung ngipin, kamay kung kamay, paa kung paa,

25 Paso kung paso, sugat kung sugat, bugbog kung bugbog.

26 At kung saktan ng sinoman ang mata ng kaniyang aliping lalake, o ang mata ng kaniyang aliping babae at mabulag, ay kaniyang palalayain dahil sa kaniyang mata.

27 At kung kaniyang bungalan ang kaniyang aliping lalake, o babae, ay kaniyang palalayain dahil sa kaniyang ngipin.

28 At kung ang isang baka ay manuwag ng isang lalake o ng isang babae, na ano pa't mamatay, ay babatuhing walang pagsala ang baka at ang kaniyang lama'y hindi kakanin; datapuwa't ang may-ari ng baka ay maliligtas.

29 Datapuwa't kung ang baka ay dating manunuwag sa panahong nakaraan, at naisumbong na sa may-ari at hindi niya kinulong, na ano pa't makamatay ng isang lalake, o isang babae: ay babatuhin ang baka at ang may-ari naman ay papatayin.

30 Kung siya'y atangan ng katubusan ay magbibigay nga siya ng katubusan sa kaniyang buhay anomang iatang sa kaniya.

31 Maging manuwag sa isang anak na lalake o babae man, ay gagawin sa kaniya ayon sa kahatulang ito.

32 Kung ang baka ay manuwag sa isang aliping lalake o babae, ay magbabayad ang may-ari ng tatlong pung siklong pilak sa kanilang panginoon, at ang baka ay babatuhin.

33 At kung ang sinoman ay magbubukas ng isang balon, o huhukay ng isang balon at hindi tatakpan, at ang isang baka, o ang isang asno ay mahulog sa loob,

34 Ay sasaulian ng may-ari ng balon; magbabayad siya ng salapi sa may-ari ng mga yaon, at ang patay na hayop ay magiging kaniya.

35 At kung ang baka ng sinoman ay sumakit sa baka ng iba, na ano pa't mamatay; ay kanila ngang ipagbibili ang bakang buhay, at kanilang paghahatiin ang halaga niyaon; at ang patay ay paghahatiin din nila.

36 O kung kilala, na ang baka ay dating manunuwag sa panahong nakaraan, at hindi kinulong ng may-ari; ay tunay ngang magbabayad siya, ng baka kung baka, at ang patay na hayop ay magiging kaniyang sarili.

   

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 8995

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8995. 'If she is bad in the eyes of her master' means if the affection for truth springing from natural delight is not in agreement with spiritual truth. This is clear from the meaning of 'female slave', to whom the word 'bad' refers, as an affection springing from natural delight, dealt with in 8993, 8994, and from the meaning of 'bad', when it refers to that affection and its relationship with spiritual truth, as being not in agreement with, dealt with below; from the meaning of 'in the eyes of' as in the perception of, dealt with in 2789, 2829, 4083, 4339; and from the meaning of 'master' as spiritual truth, dealt with in 8981.

[2] The implications of all this must be stated. 'A female slave' is an affection for truth springing from the delights that belong to self-love and love of the world, as stated above in 8993, 8994; and this affection is able to be joined to spiritual truth. This may be recognized from the consideration that an affection for spiritual truth is an internal affection or one that resides in the internal man, whereas an affection for truth springing from natural delight resides in the external man. The internal affection that belongs to the spiritual man is joined unceasingly to the external affection that belongs to the natural man, yet in such a way that the internal affection for truth acts as master and the external affection as slave. For it is in keeping with Divine order that the spiritual man should be master over the natural man, 8961, 8967. When the spiritual man is master the person is looking upwards; this is represented by having the head in heaven. But when the natural man is master the person is looking downwards, which is represented by having the head in hell.

[3] To make this transparently clear something more must be stated. By the truths they learn and the good deeds they perform most people hope to acquire some gain from their country, or some important position. If these are regarded as the end in view, the natural man is the master and the spiritual man the slave. But if they are regarded not as the end, only as the means to the end, the spiritual man is the master and the natural man the slave, as accords exactly with the things stated in 7819, 7820. For when people consider gain or position as the means to an end and not the end itself, they are not considering gain or position but the end, which is useful service. A person for example who desires wealth, and acquires it for the sake of useful service which he loves above all things, does not delight in wealth for its own sake; he delights in it for the sake of useful service. The spirit of useful service itself constitutes spiritual life in a person, and the wealth merely serves him as means, see 6933-6938. From this one may also see what the natural man must be like if it is to be joined to the spiritual - it must regard gain and important positions, that is, wealth and eminence, as the means and not the end. What a person regards as the end constitutes the actual life within him, since he loves it more than all things. For what a person loves, that is his end in view.

[4] Anyone who does not know that a person's end in view, or what amounts to the same thing, his love, constitutes the person's spiritual life, consequently that a person is where his love is - in heaven if that love is heavenly, in hell if it is hellish - cannot grasp the situation in these matters. He may suppose that the delight belonging to natural kinds of love - self-love and love of the world - cannot be in agreement with spiritual truth and good. He may suppose this because he does not know that when a person is being regenerated he must be turned upside down, and that when he has been turned upside down he is positioned with his head in heaven, whereas before being turned upside down he was positioned with his head in hell. He was positioned with it in hell when he had the delights of self-love or love of the world as his end in view; but he is positioned with his head in heaven when he has those delights as the means to his end. For the person's end or love, and this alone, has life. The means to the end however have no life of their own but receive life from the end; therefore the means in relation to the final end are called intermediate ends, which have life in the measure that they look to the final end, which is the chief one. So it is that, when a person has been regenerated, consequently when he has loving the neighbour and loving the Lord as his end, he has loving self and the world as the means. When a person is like this, when he looks to the Lord, he rates himself and also the world as nothing. If he does rate himself as something, it is in order that he may be able to serve the Lord. Before this however his attitude had been the opposite. Then he had been full of self-regard and had rated the Lord as nothing; or if had rated Him as something, it had been in order that gain or position might consequently come his way.

[5] All this makes clear the nature of the arcanum concealed in these regulations regarding female slaves from among the daughters of Israel, that is to say, the regulations that although they were slaves they were, if 'good', betrothed to their master who had bought them, or to his son; but if they were 'bad' they were not betrothed but either redeemed or sold, according to the contents of these verses. Betrothing even female slaves, or having them as concubines, was permitted in the representative Church, particularly in the Jewish and Israelite, because a wife represented the affection for spiritual truth, whereas a female slave represented the affection for natural truth, so that a wife represented the internal aspect of the Church with a person, but a female slave the external aspect. The latter was represented by Hagar who was betrothed to Abraham, and also by the two female slaves betrothed to Jacob.

[6] All this now shows what is meant in the internal representative sense by the regulation that 'if she is bad' a female slave cannot be betrothed. That is to say, 'if she is bad' means if the affection springing from natural delight - 'a female slave' - is not in agreement with the spiritual man. This lack of agreement is brought about primarily because that affection wishes to be the master and is of a disposition and mind that cannot be bent towards a love of the Lord. Furthermore the agreement or disagreement of the affection springing from natural delight with the spiritual is determined by the essential nature of them both; but a division of them into their numerous categories would be too long and tedious. A female slave or servant-girl may also mean an affirmative means that serves to join together the external man and the internal man, see 3913, 3917, 3931.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.