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Deuteronomio 22

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1 No verás el buey de tu hermano, o su cordero, perdidos, y te retirarás de ellos; los volverás sin falta a tu hermano.

2 Y aunque tu hermano no fuere tu pariente, o no le conocieres, lo recogerás en tu casa, y estará contigo hasta que tu hermano lo busque, y se lo devolverás.

3 Y así harás de su asno, así harás también de su vestido, y lo mismo harás con toda cosa perdida de tu hermano que se le perdiere, y tú la hallares; no podrás retraerte de ello.

4 No verás el asno de tu hermano, o su buey, caídos en el camino, y te esconderás de ellos; con él has de procurar levantarlos.

5 No vestirá la mujer hábito de hombre, ni el hombre vestirá vestido de mujer; porque abominación es al SEÑOR tu Dios cualquiera que esto hace.

6 Cuando topares en el camino algún nido de ave en cualquier árbol, o sobre la tierra, con pollos o huevos, y estuviere la madre echada sobre los pollos o sobre los huevos, no tomes la madre con los hijos.

7 Dejarás ir a la madre, y tomarás los pollos para ti; para que te vaya bien, y prolongues tus días.

8 Cuando edificares casa nueva, harás pretil a tu terrado, para que no pongas sangre en tu casa, si de él cayere alguno.

9 No sembrarás tu viña de mistura, para que no se contamine la plenitud de la simiente que sembraste, y el fruto de la viña.

10 No ararás con buey y con asno juntamente.

11 No te vestirás de mistura, de lana y lino juntamente.

12 Te harás flecos en los cuatro cabos de tu manto con que te cubrieres.

13 Cuando alguno tomare mujer, y después de haber entrado a ella la aborreciere,

14 y le pusiere algunas faltas, y esparciere sobre ella mala fama, y dijere: Esta tomé por mujer, y llegué a ella, y no la hallé virgen;

15 entonces el padre de la joven y su madre tomarán, y sacarán las señales de la virginidad de la doncella a los ancianos de la ciudad, en la puerta.

16 Y dirá el padre de la moza a los ancianos: Yo di mi hija a este hombre por mujer, y él la aborrece;

17 y, he aquí, él le pone tachas de algunas cosas, diciendo: No he hallado tu hija virgen; pero, he aquí las señales de la virginidad de mi hija. Y extenderán la sábana delante de los ancianos de la ciudad.

18 Entonces los ancianos de la ciudad tomarán al hombre y lo castigarán;

19 y le han de multar en cien ciclos de plata, los cuales darán al padre de la joven, por cuanto esparció mala fama sobre una virgen de Israel; y la ha de tener por mujer, y no podrá despedirla en todos sus días.

20 Mas si este negocio fue verdad, que no se hubiere hallado virginidad en la joven,

21 entonces la sacarán a la puerta de la casa de su padre, y la apedrearán con piedras los hombres de su ciudad, y morirá; por cuanto hizo vileza en Israel fornicando en casa de su padre; así quitarás el mal de en medio de ti.

22 Cuando se sorprendiere alguno echado con mujer casada con marido, ambos morirán, el varón que se acostó con la mujer, y la mujer; así quitarás el mal de Israel.

23 Cuando fuere joven virgen desposada con alguno, y alguno la hallare en la ciudad, y se echare con ella;

24 entonces los sacaréis a ambos a la puerta de aquella ciudad, y los apedrearéis con piedras, y morirán; la joven porque no dio voces en la ciudad, y el hombre porque forzó a la mujer de su prójimo; así quitarás el mal de en medio de ti.

25 Mas si el hombre halló la joven desposada en la campo, y él la tomare, y se echare con ella, morirá sólo el hombre que con ella se habrá echado;

26 y a la joven no harás nada; no tiene la joven culpa de muerte; porque como cuando alguno se levanta contra su prójimo, y le quita la vida, así es esto.

27 Porque él la halló en el campo; dio voces la moza desposada, y no hubo quien la valiese.

28 Cuando alguno hallare una joven virgen, que no fuere desposada, y la tomare, y se echare con ella, y fueren hallados;

29 entonces el hombre que se echó con ella dará al padre de la joven cincuenta ciclos de plata, y ella será su mujer, por cuanto la afligió; no la podrá despedir en todos sus días.

30 No tomará alguno la mujer de su padre, ni descubrirá el regazo de su padre.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 7456

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7456. 'Will they not stone us?' means that they would thereby demolish the truths of faith that related to worship. This is clear from the meaning of 'stoning' as demolishing and wiping out falsities, but in the contrary sense, when done by the evil, as demolishing and wiping out the truths of faith. If the vile, foul, and hellish things referred to above in 7454 were to enter in among people whose worship is holy its holiness would be destroyed. The reason for this is that when a person's worship is holy he is withheld from such things, and people who are governed by good in faith and life are raised above the level of the senses on which such things reside. But when such objects do enter in the foul things present on the sensory level are stirred up - that is, the things which a person is withheld from when his worship is holy, as has been stated, and which people governed by good are raised above - and the holiness of the worship is destroyed. Experience too demonstrates this plainly, for if, when a person offers worship to God, some foul object appears and is not removed, worship ceases and is destroyed. This is what is meant when it is said that if those steeped in falsities arising from evils were nearby they would demolish the truths of faith that relate to worship.

[2] As for the meaning of 'stoning', it should be recognized that the Jews and Israelites, among whom a representative of the Church had been established, had two kinds of capital punishment, one being stoning, the other hanging on wood. Stoning was used if anyone sought to destroy the truths relating to worship which were commanded, while hanging was used if anyone sought to destroy goodness of life. The reason why those who sought to destroy truths relating to worship were stoned was that a stone was a sign of truth and in the contrary sense of falsity, 643, 1298, 3720, 6426. And the reason why those who sought to destroy goodness of life were hanged on wood was that wood was a sign of good and in the contrary sense of the evil belonging to evil desires, 643, 2784, 2812, 3720.

[3] The fact that punishment by stoning would be used if anyone should destroy truths relating to worship is evident from the following places: In Ezekiel,

Finally they will cause an assembly to come up upon you, and they will stone you with stones and cut you up with their swords. Ezekiel 16:40.

This refers to the perverse Jerusalem and the destruction of the truth of faith by means of falsities. This is why it says that 'they will stone with stones' and also 'cut up with swords', for 'a sword' means truth engaged in conflict with falsity and destroying it, and in the contrary sense falsity engaged in conflict with truth and destroying it, 2799, 4499, 6353, 7102.

[4] A similar statement occurs elsewhere in the same prophet,

Cause an assembly to come up against them, in order that the assembly may stone them with stones and tear them apart with their swords. Ezekiel 23:46-47.

This refers to Jerusalem and Samaria, by which the Church is meant. Jerusalem means the celestial-spiritual Church, Samaria the spiritual Church, and this chapter describes how forms of the good and truth of faith were destroyed in them.

[5] In Moses,

If an ox strikes a man or woman with its horn so that the person dies, the ox shall surely be stoned. Exodus 21:28.

'Striking a man or woman with the horn' means falsity engaged in conflict with truth and goodness and destroying them. For 'the horn' is falsity engaged in conflict, and also the power of falsity, 2832, while 'man and woman' in the Word means truth and goodness; and this makes plain what the internal sense of that command is and why it was that the ox had to be stoned.

[6] In the same author,

Anyone blaspheming the name of Jehovah shall surely be killed; all the congregation shall certainly stone him. Leviticus 24:16.

'Blaspheming the name of Jehovah' means using malevolent falsities to do violence to truths and forms of good that relate to worship. 'The name of Jehovah' means everything in one embrace that is used to worship Jehovah, see 2724, 3006, thus every aspect of faith and charity, 6674. This also explains why the Israelite woman s son who blasphemed the name of Jehovah was led outside the camp and stoned, Leviticus 24:11, 14, 23. Furthermore it had been commanded that those who served other gods should be stoned, Deuteronomy 17:3, 5, and also those who enticed anyone to serve other gods, Deuteronomy 13:6-10. 'Serving other gods' means profane worship by means of which true worship is destroyed.

[7] If no evidence of virginity were found with a young woman when she married she was to be stoned because she had played the fool in Israel by committing whoredom in her father's house, Deuteronomy 22:20-21. The reason for this was that 'whoredom' meant the falsification of truth, thus the destruction of it, 2466, 4865. If a man lay in the city with a young woman, a virgin, who was betrothed to a man, both were to be stoned, Deuteronomy 22:23-24, and for the same reason, namely whoredom; for spiritual whoredom is the falsification of truth. In Luke 20:5-6, [one reads about the chief priests, scribes, and elders] coming to the conclusion among themselves that if they said John's baptism was from heaven [the Lord] would say, 'Why did you not believe him?' But if they said 'From men', all the people would stone them. Here also 'stoning' is spoken of because of opposition to the truth.

The reason why the Jews sought to stone Jesus because He said, Before Abraham was, I am, John 8:58-59, was that that nation believed this to be false. In a similar way they sought to stone Jesus because He said He and His Father were one, John 10:30-33; for they thought, as these verses also state, that this was blasphemy.

From all this one may now see what stoning was and why it was commanded, and also that punishment by stoning, administered since ancient times as its use in Egypt proves, was derived from the representatives of the Ancient Church.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.