Bible

 

Joshua 8

Studie

   

1 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM προς-P *ιησους-N---ASM μη-D φοβεω-VC--APS2S μηδε-C δειλιαω-VA--AAS2S λαμβανω-VB--AAD2S μετα-P συ- P--GS ο- A--APM ανηρ-N3--APM πας-A3--APM ο- A--APM πολεμιστης-N1M-APM και-C αναιστημι-VH--AAPNSM αναβαινω-VZ--AAD2S εις-P *γαι-N---ASF ιδου-I διδωμι-VX--XAI1S εις-P ο- A--APF χειρ-N3--APF συ- P--GS ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM *γαι-N---GSF και-C ο- A--ASF γη-N1--ASF αυτος- D--GSM

2 και-C ποιεω-VF--FAI2S ο- A--ASF *γαι-N---ASF ος- --ASM τροπος-N2--ASM ποιεω-VAI-AAI2S ο- A--ASF *ιεριχω-N---ASF και-C ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM αυτος- D--GSF και-C ο- A--ASF προνομη-N1--ASF ο- A--GPN κτηνος-N3E-GPN προνομευω-VF--FAI2S σεαυτου- D--DSM καταιστημι-VA--AAD2S δε-X σεαυτου- D--DSM ενεδρον-N2N-APN ο- A--DSF πολις-N3I-DSF εις-P ο- A--APN οπισω-D

3 και-C αναιστημι-VHI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM και-C πας-A3--NSM ο- A--NSM λαος-N2--NSM ο- A--NSM πολεμιστης-N1M-NSM ωστε-C αναβαινω-VZ--AAN εις-P *γαι-N---ASF επιλεγω-VAI-AAI3S δε-X *ιησους-N---NSM τριακοντα-M χιλιας-N3D-APF ανηρ-N3--GPM δυνατος-A1--APM εν-P ισχυς-N3U-DSF και-C αποστελλω-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--APM νυξ-N3--GSF

4 και-C εντελλομαι-VAI-AMI3S αυτος- D--DPM λεγω-V1--PAPNSM συ- P--NP ενεδρευω-VA--AAD2P οπισω-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF μη-D μακραν-D γιγνομαι-V1--PMD2P απο-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF και-C ειμι-VF--FMI2P πας-A3--NPM ετοιμος-A1--NPM

5 και-C εγω- P--NS και-C πας-A3--NPM ο- A--NPM μετα-P εγω- P--GS προςαγω-VF--FAI1P προς-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF και-C ειμι-VF--FMI3S ως-C αν-X εκερχομαι-VB--AAS3P ο- A--NPM καταοικεω-V2--PAPNPM *γαι-N---ASF εις-P συναντησις-N3I-ASF εγω- P--DP καθαπερ-D και-C πρωην-D και-C φευγω-VF--FMI1P απο-P προσωπον-N2N-GSN αυτος- D--GPM

6 και-C ως-C αν-X εκερχομαι-VB--AAS3P οπισω-P εγω- P--GP αποσπαω-VF--FAI1P αυτος- D--APM απο-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF και-C ειπον-VF2-FAI3P φευγω-V1--PAI3P ουτος- D--NPM απο-P προσωπον-N2N-GSN εγω- P--GP ος- --ASM τροπος-N2--ASM και-C εμπροσθεν-D

7 συ- P--NP δε-X εκ αναιστημι-VF--FMI2P εκ-P ο- A--GSF ενεδρα-N1A-GSF και-C πορευομαι-VF--FMI2P εις-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF

8 κατα-P ο- A--ASN ρημα-N3M-ASN ουτος- D--ASN ποιεω-VF--FAI2P ιδου-I εντελλομαι-VM--XMI1S συ- P--DP

9 και-C αποστελλω-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--APM *ιησους-N---NSM και-C πορευομαι-VCI-API3P εις-P ο- A--ASF ενεδρα-N1A-ASF και-C εν καταιζω-VAI-AAI3P ανα-P μεσος-A1--ASN *βαιθηλ-N---GS και-C ανα-P μεσος-A1--ASN *γαι-N---GSF απο-P θαλασσα-N1S-GSF ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF

10 και-C ορθριζω-VA--AAPNSM *ιησους-N---NSM ο- A--ASN πρωι-D επισκεπτομαι-VAI-AMI3S ο- A--ASM λαος-N2--ASM και-C αναβαινω-VZI-AAI3P αυτος- D--NSM και-C ο- A--NPM πρεσβυτερος-A1A-NPMC κατα-P προσωπον-N2N-ASN ο- A--GSM λαος-N2--GSM επι-P *γαι-N---GSF

11 και-C πας-A3--NSM ο- A--NSM λαος-N2--NSM ο- A--NSM πολεμιστης-N1M-NSM μετα-P αυτος- D--GSM αναβαινω-VZI-AAI3P και-C πορευομαι-V1--PMPNPM ερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P εκ-P εναντιος-A1A-GSF ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF απο-P ανατολη-N1--GPF

12 και-C ο- A--APN ενεδρον-N2N-APN ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF απο-P θαλασσα-N1S-GSF

14 και-C γιγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S ως-C οραω-VBI-AAI3S βασιλευς-N3V-NSM *γαι-N---GSF σπευδω-VAI-AAI3S και-C εκερχομαι-VBI-AAI3S εις-P συναντησις-N3I-ASF αυτος- D--DPM επι-P ευθυς-A3U-GSF εις-P ο- A--ASM πολεμος-N2--ASM αυτος- D--NSM και-C πας-A3--NSM ο- A--NSM λαος-N2--NSM ο- A--NSM μετα-P αυτος- D--GSM και-C αυτος- D--NSM ου-D οιδα-VXI-YAI3S οτι-C ενεδρον-N2N-NPN αυτος- D--DSM ειμι-V9--PAI3S οπισω-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF

15 και-C οραω-VBI-AAI3S και-C αναχωρεω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM και-C *ισραηλ-N---NSM απο-P προσωπον-N2N-GSN αυτος- D--GPM

16 και-C καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3P οπισω-P ο- A--GPM υιος-N2--GPM *ισραηλ-N---GSM και-C αυτος- D--NPM αποιστημι-VHI-AAI3P απο-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF

17 ου-D καταλειπω-VVI-API3S ουδεις-A3--NSM εν-P ο- A--DSF *γαι-N---DSF ος- --NSM ου-D καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3S οπισω-P *ισραηλ-N---GSM και-C καταλειπω-VBI-AAI3P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF αναοιγω-VK--XMPASF και-C καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3P οπισω-P *ισραηλ-N---GSM

18 και-C ειπον-VBI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM προς-P *ιησους-N---ASM εκτεινω-VA--AAD2S ο- A--ASF χειρ-N3--ASF συ- P--GS εν-P ο- A--DSM γαισος-N2--DSM ο- A--DSM εν-P ο- A--DSF χειρ-N3--DSF συ- P--GS επι-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF εις-P γαρ-X ο- A--APF χειρ-N3--APF συ- P--GS παραδιδωμι-VX--XAI1S αυτος- D--ASF και-C ο- A--NPN ενεδρον-N2N-NPN εκ αναιστημι-VF--FMI3P εν-P ταχος-N3E-DSN εκ-P ο- A--GSM τοπος-N2--GSM αυτος- D--GPM και-C εκτεινω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM ο- A--ASF χειρ-N3--ASF αυτος- D--GSM ο- A--ASM γαισος-N2--ASM επι-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF

19 και-C ο- A--NPN ενεδρον-N2N-NPN εκ αναιστημι-VHI-AAI3P εν-P ταχος-N3E-DSN εκ-P ο- A--GSM τοπος-N2--GSM αυτος- D--GPM και-C εκερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P οτε-D εκτεινω-VAI-AAI3S ο- A--ASF χειρ-N3--ASF και-C ερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P επι-P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF και-C καταλαμβανω-VBI-AMI3P αυτος- D--ASF και-C σπευδω-VA--AAPNPM ενπιμπρημι-VAI-AAI3P ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF εν-P πυρ-N3--DSN

20 και-C περιβλεπω-VA--AAPNPM ο- A--NPM κατοικος-N2--NPM *γαι-N---GSF εις-P ο- A--APN οπισω-D αυτος- D--GPM και-C θεωρεω-V2I-IAI3P καπνος-N2--ASM αναβαινω-V1--PAPASM εκ-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF εις-P ο- A--ASM ουρανος-N2--ASM και-C ουκετι-D εχω-V1I-IAI3P που-D φευγω-VB--AAS3P ωδε-D η-C ωδε-D

21 και-C *ιησους-N---NSM και-C πας-A3--NSM *ισραηλ-N---NSM οραω-VBI-AAI3P οτι-C λαμβανω-VBI-AAI3P ο- A--NPN ενεδρον-N2N-NPN ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF και-C οτι-C αναβαινω-VZI-AAI3S ο- A--NSM καπνος-N2--NSM ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF εις-P ο- A--ASM ουρανος-N2--ASM και-C μεταβαλλω-VB--AMPNPM πατασσω-VAI-AAI3P ο- A--APM ανηρ-N3--APM ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF

22 και-C ουτος- D--NPM εκερχομαι-VBI-AAI3P εκ-P ο- A--GSF πολις-N3I-GSF εις-P συναντησις-N3I-ASF και-C γιγνομαι-VCI-API3P ανα-P μεσος-A1--ASN ο- A--GSF παρεμβολη-N1--GSF ουτος- D--NPM εντευθεν-D και-C ουτος- D--NPM εντευθεν-D και-C πατασσω-VAI-AAI3P εως-P ο- A--GSN μη-D καταλειπω-VV--APN αυτος- D--GPM σωζω-VM--XMPASM και-C διαφευγω-VX--XAPASM

23 και-C ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF συνλαμβανω-VBI-AAI3P ζαω-V3--PAPASM και-C προςαγω-VBI-AAI3P αυτος- D--ASM προς-P *ιησους-N---ASM

24 και-C ως-C παυω-VAI-AMI3P ο- A--NPM υιος-N2--NPM *ισραηλ-N---GSM αποκτεινω-V1--PAPNPM πας-A3--APM ο- A--APM εν-P ο- A--DSF *γαι-N---DSF ο- A--APM εν-P ο- A--DPN πεδιον-N2N-DPN και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN ορος-N3E-DSN επι-P ο- A--GSF καταβασις-N3I-GSF ου-D καταδιωκω-VAI-AAI3P αυτος- D--APM απο-P αυτος- D--GSF εις-P τελος-N3E-ASN και-C αποστρεφω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM εις-P *γαι-N---ASF και-C πατασσω-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--ASF εν-P στομα-N3M-DSN ρομφαια-N1A-GSF

25 και-C γιγνομαι-VCI-API3P ο- A--NPM πιπτω-VA--AAPNPM εν-P ο- A--DSF ημερα-N1A-DSF εκεινος- D--DSF απο-P ανηρ-N3--GSM και-C εως-P γυνη-N3K-GSF δωδεκα-M χιλιας-N3D-NPF πας-A3--APM ο- A--APM καταοικεω-V2--PAPAPM *γαι-N---GSF

27 πλην-P ο- A--GPN κτηνος-N3E-GPN και-C ο- A--GPN σκυλον-N2N-GPN ο- A--GPM εν-P ο- A--DSF πολις-N3I-DSF πας-A3--APN ος- --APN προνομευω-VAI-AAI3P ο- A--NPM υιος-N2--NPM *ισραηλ-N---GSM κατα-P προσταγμα-N3M-ASN κυριος-N2--GSM ος- --ASM τροπος-N2--ASM συντασσω-VAI-AAI3S κυριος-N2--NSM ο- A--DSM *ιησους-N---DSM

28 και-C ενπυριζω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM ο- A--ASF πολις-N3I-ASF εν-P πυρ-N3--DSN χωμα-N3T-ASN αοικητος-A1B-ASN εις-P ο- A--ASM αιων-N3W-ASM τιθημι-VAI-AAI3S αυτος- D--ASF εως-P ο- A--GSF ημερα-N1A-GSF ουτος- D--GSF

29 και-C ο- A--ASM βασιλευς-N3V-ASM ο- A--GSF *γαι-N---GSF κρεμαζω-VAI-AAI3S επι-P ξυλον-N2N-GSN διδυμος-A1--GSN και-C ειμι-V9--IAI3S επι-P ο- A--GSN ξυλον-N2N-GSN εως-P εσπερα-N1A-GSF και-C επιδυω-V1--PAPGSM ο- A--GSM ηλιος-N2--GSM συντασσω-VAI-AAI3S *ιησους-N---NSM και-C κατααιρεω-VBI-AAI3P αυτος- D--GSM ο- A--ASN σωμα-N3M-ASN απο-P ο- A--GSN ξυλον-N2N-GSN και-C ριπτω-VAI-AAI3P αυτος- D--ASM εις-P ο- A--ASM βοθρος-N2--ASM και-C επιιστημι-VHI-AAI3P αυτος- D--DSM σωρος-N2--ASM λιθος-N2--GPM εως-P ο- A--GSF ημερα-N1A-GSF ουτος- D--GSF

   

Komentář

 

Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 8

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 8: The fall of Ai and the renewal of the covenant.

The events of this chapter - and their spiritual meaning for us - follow on from the previous chapter. After their first setback at Ai, the Children of Israel take the city of Ai by using a clever ruse. Joshua chose thirty thousand men for the battle. The plan was for five thousand of them to hide near the city, while he led the main army to attack the city. Then, Joshua and his forces would pretend to run away, pursued by the men of Ai. Those who had hidden were then to come out, go into the city, and set it on fire. The men of Ai would see this and run back, get ambushed, and be caught between Joshua’s two armies.

It all happened as planned, and Israel took Ai. (See Arcana Caelestia 1557). As with Jericho, everything in Ai was commanded to be destroyed, except that in this case the livestock and the city’s spoils were to be kept. The whole city was burned and its king was hanged on a tree until sunset and then his body was thrown down at the city entrance with a great heap of stones put over it.

The basic spiritual meaning of any battle in the Bible such as this, is to show how a heavenly principle can and will overcome a hellish or evil attack, especially for us, during some temptation - when we seek to resist and fight back.

Evil is only strong in illusion and fear-mongering; when the light of what is true shines on evil it gets shown for what it is. (Heaven and Hell 49)

The city’s name “Ai” means “a heap”. The word gets used several times in the text of the chapter. A heap implies rubble and rubbish. Cities sometimes look noble and well-planned; in Ai’s case it was the very opposite - a heap, a ruin. (Heaven and Hell 586[2])

While Jericho generally represents our wrong thinking, which first stands in the way of our regeneration and spiritual will, Ai represents our evil emotions and our selfish passions. Both of them must fall before we can make further progress.

Joshua chooses a large number to go against a relatively few in Ai, who nevertheless all rush out to fight Israel. “There was not a man left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel. Thus they left the city open.” (Joshua 8:17)

Joshua’s tactic of drawing out the men of Ai means our challenge to evil - by confronting it with the truths and commandments we know and obey. Joshua’s pretence of fleeing away draws Ai out in glee, interpreting the flight as a real retreat. Then everything turns, and Joshua’s men go forward representing the power of the truth, the Word and our persuasion of their effectiveness in winning. (Arcana Caelestia 6344[4])

Ai’s men see their city on fire, for other Israelites entered Ai and set it ablaze. This represents the self-condemnation of evil, of hell, when it is exposed to what is true, heavenly and of God. But Joshua’s men, lying in ambush and waiting for the moment, represent our keen observation of how our selfish desires work to cause havoc in us. They are 5,000. Symbolically, in the Bible, five or its multiples always stand for a small amount - but enough to use.

Hanging the king of Ai stands for our need to put down the controlling power of any evil which stirs us. And all Ai is destroyed, because all evil must be turned against and refused.

Then, and only then, Joshua remakes the covenant with the Lord God; he builds an altar, he writes a copy on stones of the Law of Moses in the presence of all Israel, the priests stand in two groups in front of two mountains, then Joshua reads the words of blessing and cursing and all the Law of Moses.

After we resist any evil and its temptation, we must re-hear and re-affirm the truth that this was the Lord’s victory, not ours, and re-dedicate ourselves to the life the Lord gives us. (True Christian Religion 13[2])

Bible

 

Joshua 8

Studie

   

1 And the LORD said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:

2 And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.

3 So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.

4 And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:

5 And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,

6 (For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.

7 Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the LORD your God will deliver it into your hand.

8 And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the LORD shall ye do. See, I have commanded you.

9 Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

10 And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.

11 And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.

12 And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city.

13 And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.

14 And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.

15 And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.

16 And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.

17 And there was not a man left in Ai or Bethel, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.

18 And the LORD said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.

19 And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hasted and set the city on fire.

20 And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers.

21 And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.

22 And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

23 And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.

24 And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.

25 And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

26 For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.

27 Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for a prey unto themselves, according unto the word of the LORD which he commanded Joshua.

28 And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.

29 And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day.

30 Then Joshua built an altar unto the LORD God of Israel in mount Ebal,

31 As Moses the servant of the LORD commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man hath lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt offerings unto the LORD, and sacrificed peace offerings.

32 And he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel.

33 And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the LORD, as well the stranger, as he that was born among them; half of them over against mount Gerizim, and half of them over against mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel.

34 And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.

35 There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.