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Ezekiel 1

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1 και-C γιγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S εν-P ο- A--DSN τριακοστος-A1--DSN ετος-N3E-DSN εν-P ο- A--DSM τεταρτος-A1--DSM μην-N3--DSM πεμπτος-A1--DSF ο- A--GSM μην-N3--GSM και-C εγω- P--NS ειμι-V9I-IAI1S εν-P μεσος-A1--DSN ο- A--GSF αιχμαλωσια-N1A-GSF επι-P ο- A--GSM ποταμος-N2--GSM ο- A--GSM *χοβαρ-N---GS και-C αναοιγω-VQI-API3P ο- A--NPM ουρανος-N2--NPM και-C οραω-VBI-AAI1S ορασις-N3I-APF θεος-N2--GSM

2 πεμπτος-A1--DSF ο- A--GSM μην-N3--GSM ουτος- D--NSN ο- A--NSN ετος-N3E-NSN ο- A--NSN πεμπτος-A1--NSN ο- A--GSF αιχμαλωσια-N1A-GSF ο- A--GSM βασιλευς-N3V-GSM *ιωακιμ-N---GSM

3 και-C γιγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S λογος-N2--NSM κυριος-N2--GSM προς-P *ιεζεκιηλ-N---ASM υιος-N2--ASM *βουζι-N---GSM ο- A--ASM ιερευς-N3V-ASM εν-P γη-N1--DSF *χαλδαιος-N2--GPM επι-P ο- A--GSM ποταμος-N2--GSM ο- A--GSM *χοβαρ-N---GS και-C γιγνομαι-VBI-AMI3S επι-P εγω- P--AS χειρ-N3--NSF κυριος-N2--GSM

4 και-C οραω-VBI-AAI1S και-C ιδου-I πνευμα-N3M-NSN εκαιρω-V1--PAPNSN αρχω-V1I-IMI3S απο-P βορεας-N1T-GSM και-C νεφελη-N1--NSF μεγας-A1--NSF εν-P αυτος- D--DSM και-C φεγγος-N3E-NSN κυκλος-N2--DSM αυτος- D--GSM και-C πυρ-N3--NSN εκαστραπτω-V1--PAPNSN και-C εν-P ο- A--DSM μεσος-A1--DSN αυτος- D--GSM ως-C ορασις-N3I-NSF ηλεκτρον-N2N-GSN εν-P μεσος-A1--DSN ο- A--GSN πυρ-N3--GSN και-C φεγγος-N3E-ASN εν-P αυτος- D--DSM

5 και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN μεσος-A1--DSN ως-C ομοιωμα-N3M-NSN τεσσαρες-A3--GPN ζωον-N2N-GPN και-C ουτος- D--NSF ο- A--NSF ορασις-N3I-NSF αυτος- D--GPN ομοιωμα-N3M-NSN ανθρωπος-N2--GSM επι-P αυτος- D--DPN

6 και-C τεσσαρες-A3--NPN προσωπον-N2N-NPN ο- A--DSN εις-A3--DSN και-C τεσσαρες-A3--NPF πτερυξ-N3G-NPF ο- A--DSN εις-A3--DSN

7 και-C ο- A--NPN σκελος-N3E-NPN αυτος- D--GPN ορθος-A1--NPN και-C πτερωτος-A1--NPM ο- A--NPM πους-N3D-NPM αυτος- D--GPN και-C σπινθηρ-N3--NPM ως-C εκαστραπτω-V1--PAPNSM χαλκος-N2--NSM και-C ελαφρος-A1A-NPF ο- A--NPF πτερυξ-N3G-NPF αυτος- D--GPN

8 και-C χειρ-N3--NSF ανθρωπος-N2--GSM υποκατωθεν-D ο- A--GPF πτερυξ-N3G-GPF αυτος- D--GPN επι-P ο- A--APN τεσσαρες-A3--APN μερος-N3E-APN αυτος- D--GPN και-C ο- A--NPN προσωπον-N2N-NPN αυτος- D--GPN ο- A--GPN τεσσαρες-A3--GPN

9 ου-D επιστρεφω-V1I-IMI3P εν-P ο- A--DSN βαδιζω-V1--PAN αυτος- D--APN εκαστος-A1--NSN κατεναντι-D ο- A--GSN προσωπον-N2N-GSN αυτος- D--GPN πορευομαι-V1I-IMI3P

10 και-C ομοιωσις-N3I-NSF ο- A--GPN προσωπον-N2N-GPN αυτος- D--GPN προσωπον-N2N-NSN ανθρωπος-N2--GSM και-C προσωπον-N2N-NSN λεων-N3--GSM εκ-P δεξιος-A1A-GPN ο- A--DPN τεσσαρες-A3--DPN και-C προσωπον-N2N-NSN μοσχος-N2--GSM εκ-P αριστερος-A1A-GPN ο- A--DPN τεσσαρες-A3--DPN και-C προσωπον-N2N-NSN αετος-N2--GSM ο- A--DPN τεσσαρες-A3--DPN

11 και-C ο- A--NPF πτερυξ-N3G-NPF αυτος- D--GPN εκτεινω-VM--XMPNPF ανωθεν-D ο- A--DPN τεσσαρες-A3--DPN εκατερος-A1A-DSN δυο-M συνζευγνυμι-VM--XPPNPF προς-P αλληλω- D--APF και-C δυο-M επικαλυπτω-V1I-IAI3P επανω-D ο- A--GSN σωμα-N3M-GSN αυτος- D--GPN

12 και-C εκατερος-A1A-NSN κατα-P προσωπον-N2N-ASN αυτος- D--GSN πορευομαι-V1I-IMI3S ος- --GSN αν-X ειμι-V9--IAI3S ο- A--NSN πνευμα-N3M-NSN πορευομαι-V1--PMPNSN πορευομαι-V1I-IMI3P και-C ου-D επιστρεφω-V1I-IAI3P

13 και-C εν-P μεσος-A1--DSN ο- A--GPN ζωον-N2N-GPN ορασις-N3I-NSF ως-C ανθραξ-N3K-GPM πυρ-N3--GSN καιω-V1--PMPGPM ως-C οψις-N3I-NSF λαμπας-N3D-GPF συνστρεφω-V1--PPPGPF ανα-P μεσος-A1--ASN ο- A--GPN ζωον-N2N-GPN και-C φεγγος-N3E-ASN ο- A--GSN πυρ-N3--GSN και-C εκ-P ο- A--GSN πυρ-N3--GSN εκπορευομαι-V1I-IMI3S αστραπη-N1--NSF

15 και-C οραω-VBI-AAI1S και-C ιδου-I τροχος-N2--NSM εις-A3--NSM επι-P ο- A--GSF γη-N1--GSF εχω-V1--PMPNSM ο- A--GPN ζωον-N2N-GPN ο- A--DPN τεσσαρες-A3--DPN

16 και-C ο- A--NSN ειδος-N3E-NSN ο- A--GPM τροχος-N2--GPM ως-C ειδος-N3E-NSN θαρσις-N---GS και-C ομοιωμα-N3M-NSN εις-A3--NSN ο- A--DPN τεσσαρες-A3--DPN και-C ο- A--NSN εργον-N2N-NSN αυτος- D--GPM ειμι-V9--IAI3S καθως-D αν-X ειμι-V9--PAO3S τροχος-N2--NSM εν-P τροχος-N2--DSM

17 επι-P ο- A--APN τεσσαρες-A3--APN μερος-N3E-APN αυτος- D--GPM πορευομαι-V1I-IMI3P ου-D επιστρεφω-V1I-IAI3P εν-P ο- A--DSN πορευομαι-V1--PMN αυτος- D--APN

18 ουδε-C ο- A--NPM νωτος-N2--NPM αυτος- D--GPM και-C υψος-N3E-NSN ειμι-V9--IAI3S αυτος- D--DPM και-C οραω-VBI-AAI1S αυτος- D--APN και-C ο- A--NPM νωτος-N2--NPM αυτος- D--GPM πληρης-A3H-NPM οφθαλμος-N2--GPM κυκλοθεν-D ο- A--DPM τεσσαρες-A3--DPM

19 και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN πορευομαι-V1--PMN ο- A--APN ζωον-N2N-APN πορευομαι-V1I-IMI3P ο- A--NPM τροχος-N2--NPM εχω-V1--PMPNPM αυτος- D--GPN και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN εκαιρω-V1--PAN ο- A--APN ζωον-N2N-APN απο-P ο- A--GSF γη-N1--GSF εκαιρω-V1I-IMI3P ο- A--NPM τροχος-N2--NPM

20 ος- --GSM αν-X ειμι-V9--IAI3S ο- A--NSF νεφελη-N1--NSF εκει-D ο- A--NSN πνευμα-N3M-NSN ο- A--GSN πορευομαι-V1--PMN πορευομαι-V1I-IMI3P ο- A--NPN ζωον-N2N-NPN και-C ο- A--NPM τροχος-N2--NPM και-C εκαιρω-V1I-IMI3P συν-P αυτος- D--DPM διοτι-C πνευμα-N3M-NSN ζωη-N1--GSF ειμι-V9--IAI3S εν-P ο- A--DPM τροχος-N2--DPM

21 εν-P ο- A--DSN πορευομαι-V1--PMN αυτος- D--APN πορευομαι-V1I-IMI3P και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN ιστημι-VXI-XAN αυτος- D--APN ιστημι-VXI-YAI3P και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN εκαιρω-V1--PAN αυτος- D--APN απο-P ο- A--GSF γη-N1--GSF εκαιρω-V1I-IMI3P συν-P αυτος- D--DPN οτι-C πνευμα-N3M-NSN ζωη-N1--GSF ειμι-V9--IAI3S εν-P ο- A--DPM τροχος-N2--DPM

22 και-C ομοιωμα-N3M-NSN υπερ-P κεφαλη-N1--GSF αυτος- D--DPM ο- A--GPN ζωον-N2N-GPN ωσει-C στερεωμα-N3M-NSN ως-C ορασις-N3I-NSF κρυσταλλος-N2--GSM εκτεινω-VM--XPPNSN επι-P ο- A--GPF πτερυξ-N3G-GPF αυτος- D--GPN επανωθεν-D

23 και-C υποκατω-P ο- A--GSN στερεωμα-N3M-GSN ο- A--NPF πτερυξ-N3G-NPF αυτος- D--GPN εκτεινω-VM--XMPNPF πτερυσσομαι-V1--PMPNPF ετερος-A1A-NSF ο- A--DSF ετερος-A1A-DSF εκαστος-A1--DSM δυο-M συνζευγνυμι-VM--XPPNPF επικαλυπτω-V1--PAPNPF ο- A--APN σωμα-N3M-APN αυτος- D--GPN

24 και-C ακουω-V1I-IAI1S ο- A--ASF φωνη-N1--ASF ο- A--GPF πτερυξ-N3G-GPF αυτος- D--GPN εν-P ο- A--DSN πορευομαι-V1--PMN αυτος- D--APN ως-C φωνη-N1--ASF υδωρ-N3T-GSN πολυς-A1--GSN και-C εν-P ο- A--DSN ιστημι-VXI-XAN αυτος- D--APN καταπαυω-V1I-IAI3P ο- A--NPF πτερυξ-N3G-NPF αυτος- D--GPN

25 και-C ιδου-I φωνη-N1--NSF υπερανωθεν-D ο- A--GSN στερεωμα-N3M-GSN ο- A--GSM ειμι-V9--PAPGSM υπερ-P κεφαλη-N1--GSF αυτος- D--GPN

26 ως-C ορασις-N3I-NSF λιθος-N2--GSM σαπφειρος-N2--GSF ομοιωμα-N3M-NSN θρονος-N2--GSM επι-P αυτος- D--GSM και-C επι-P ο- A--GSN ομοιωμα-N3M-GSN ο- A--GSM θρονος-N2--GSM ομοιωμα-N3M-NSN ως-C ειδος-N3E-NSN ανθρωπος-N2--GSM ανωθεν-D

27 και-C οραω-VBI-AAI1S ως-C οψις-N3I-ASF ηλεκτρον-N2N-GSN απο-P ορασις-N3I-GSF οσφυς-N3U-GSF και-C επανω-D και-C απο-P ορασις-N3I-GSF οσφυς-N3U-GSF και-C εως-D κατω-D οραω-VBI-AAI1S ως-C ορασις-N3I-ASF πυρ-N3--GSN και-C ο- A--ASN φεγγος-N3E-ASN αυτος- D--GSM κυκλος-N2--DSM

28 ως-C ορασις-N3I-NSF τοξον-N2N-GSN οταν-D ειμι-V9--PAS3S εν-P ο- A--DSF νεφελη-N1--DSF εν-P ημερα-N1A-DSF υετος-N2--GSM ουτως-D ο- A--NSF στασις-N3I-NSF ο- A--GSN φεγγος-N3E-GSN κυκλοθεν-D ουτος- D--NSF ο- A--NSF ορασις-N3I-NSF ομοιωμα-N3M-GSN δοξα-N1S-GSF κυριος-N2--GSM και-C οραω-VBI-AAI1S και-C πιπτω-V1--PAI1S επι-P προσωπον-N2N-ASN εγω- P--GS και-C ακουω-VAI-AAI1S φωνη-N1--ASF λαλεω-V2--PAPGSM

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Apocalypse Explained # 70

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70. The feet are said to be "like unto burnished brass," because burnished brass is polished brass, shining from something fiery; and "brass" in the Word signifies natural good. Metals are equally significative with the rest in the Word. "Gold" in the Word signifies celestial good, which is inmost good; "silver" signifies the truth thereof, which is spiritual good: "brass" natural good which is outmost good, and "iron" the truth thereof, which is natural truth.

Metals have such significations from correspondence; for in heaven many things are seen shining as if from gold and silver, and also many things as if from brass and iron; and it is there known that by these the goods and truths mentioned above are signified. It was from this that the ancients, who had a knowledge of correspondences, named the ages according to these metals; calling the first age the "golden," because innocence, love, and wisdom therefrom then ruled; but the second "silver," because truth from that good, or spiritual good, and intelligence therefrom then ruled; the third age "brazen" or "copper," because mere natural good, which is justness and sincerity of moral life, then ruled; but the last age they called "iron," because mere truth without good then ruled, and when that rules, falsity also rules. All this was from the spiritual signification of these metals.

[2] From this it can be known what is signified by the image seen in a dream by Nebuchadnezzar:

The head of which was of gold, the breast and arms of silver, the belly and sides of brass, the legs of iron, and the feet partly of iron and partly of clay (Daniel 2:23, 33);

namely, the state of the church in respect to good and truth, from its first time to its last; its last time was when the Lord came into the world. When it is known that "gold" signifies celestial good, "silver" spiritual good, "brass" natural good, and "iron" natural truth, many arcana in the Word, where these metals are mentioned, can be understood. Thus what is signified by these words in Isaiah:

For brass I will bring gold, for iron I will bring silver, and for wood brass, and for stones iron; I will also make thy government peace, and thine exactors justice (Isaiah 60:17).

[3] But as the signification of "brass," as meaning natural good, is here treated of, I will cite only a few passages where "brass" is mentioned, as signifying that good. Thus in Moses:

Asher acceptable unto his brethren, and dipping his foot in oil. Thy shoe iron and brass, and as thy days thy fame (Deuteronomy 33:24-25).

"Asher," as one of the tribes, signifies the blessedness of life, and the delight of affections (See Arcana Coelestia 3938-3939, 6408); "to dip the foot in oil" signifies natural delight, "oil" is delight (See n. 9954), "foot" the natural (See just above, n. 69; "the shoe iron and brass" signifies the lowest natural from truth and good, "the shoe" is the lowest natural (See n. 1748, 1860, 6844), "iron" is its truth, and "brass" its good (as above). In the same:

Jehovah thy God will bring thee into a wealthy land; a land out of whose stones thou mayest hew out iron, and out of its mountains brass (Deuteronomy 8:7, 9).

In Jeremiah:

I will give thee unto this people for a fortified wall of brass, that they may fight against thee and not prevail against thee (Jeremiah 15:20).

And in Ezekiel:

Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy traffickers; with the soul of man and with vessels of brass they traded thy merchandise (Ezekiel 27:13).

In this chapter the traffickings of Tyre are treated of, by which are signified the knowledges of good and truth; by the names "Javan," "Tubal," and "Meshech," are signified such things as are of good and truth, of which knowledges treat; the "soul of man" is truth of life; "vessels of brass" are scientifics of natural good. (What is signified by "Tyre" may be seen in Arcana Coelestia 1201; what by "traffickings," n. 2967, 4453; what by "Tubal and Meshech," n. 1151; what by "Javan," n. 1152, 1153, 1155; what by the "soul of man," n. 2930, 9050, 9281; what by "vessels," n. 3068, 3079, 3316, 3318) In the same:

The feet of the cherubs sparkled like the appearance of polished brass (Ezekiel 1:7).

What "cherubs" and "feet" signify, see above n. 69.

[4] In the same:

I saw and behold there was a man, whose appearance was like the appearance of brass, and a line of flax was in his hand; and he was standing in the gate (Ezekiel 40:3).

It was because this angel measured the wall and the gates of the house of God, which signify the externals of the church, that his appearance was seen as the appearance of brass. He who knows that "brass" signifies the external of the church, which in itself is natural, can in some measure know why:

The altar of burnt-offering was overlaid with brass, and the grating about it was of brass, and the vessels of brass (Exodus 27:1-4);

as also why:

The great vessel, which was called the sea, with the twelve oxen under it, and the ten lavers with the bases, and also all the vessels of the tabernacle for the house of God, were made by Solomon of polished brass (1 Kings 7:43-47).

[5] He who knows what "brass" signifies may also enter into the arcanum why it was commanded that a serpent of brass be set up for the people to look at, of which it is thus written in Moses:

Jehovah sent serpents among the people, and they bit the people. And He said unto Moses, Make thee a serpent, and set it upon a standard, and it shall come to pass that everyone that is bitten, and looketh upon it, shall live. And Moses made a serpent of brass, and set it upon a standard; and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, and he looked unto the serpent of brass, he lived (Numbers 21:6, 8-9).

That this "serpent" signified the Lord, He Himself teaches in John:

As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up, that whosoever believeth in Him may not perish, but may have everlasting life (John 3:14-15).

By the "serpent" is signified that which is the ultimate of life with man, and is called the external sensual, which is the natural. Because this ultimate in the Lord was Divine, a serpent of brass was made among the sons of Israel, with whom all things were representative; and this signified that if they would look to the Divine Human of the Lord they would live again, that is, if they would believe in Him they would have eternal life, as the Lord Himself also teaches. (That to "see" is in the spiritual sense to believe, see above, n. 37, 68; and that the "serpent" is the external sensual, which is the ultimate of man's life, see Arcana Coelestia 195-197, 6398, 6949, 10313) That "brass" and "iron" in the Word also signify what is hard (as in Isaiah 48:4; Daniel 7:19 where), will be seen in what follows.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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