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Judges 8

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1 καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς γεδεων ἀνὴρ εφραιμ τί τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο ἐποίησας ἡμῖν τοῦ μὴ καλέσαι ἡμᾶς ὅτε ἐπορεύθης παρατάξασθαι ἐν μαδιαμ καὶ διελέξαντο πρὸς αὐτὸν ἰσχυρῶς

2 καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς τί ἐποίησα νῦν καθὼς ὑμεῖς ἢ οὐχὶ κρεῖσσον ἐπιφυλλὶς εφραιμ ἢ τρυγητὸς αβιεζερ

3 ἐν χειρὶ ὑμῶν παρέδωκεν κύριος τοὺς ἄρχοντας μαδιαμ τὸν ωρηβ καὶ τὸν ζηβ καὶ τί ἠδυνήθην ποιῆσαι ὡς ὑμεῖς τότε ἀνέθη τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτῶν ἀπ' αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ λαλῆσαι αὐτὸν τὸν λόγον τοῦτον

4 καὶ ἦλθεν γεδεων ἐπὶ τὸν ιορδάνην καὶ διέβη αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ τριακόσιοι ἄνδρες οἱ μετ' αὐτοῦ πεινῶντες καὶ διώκοντες

5 καὶ εἶπεν τοῖς ἀνδράσιν σοκχωθ δότε δὴ ἄρτους εἰς τροφὴν τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ τῷ ἐν ποσίν μου ὅτι ἐκλείπουσιν καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγώ εἰμι διώκων ὀπίσω τοῦ ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα βασιλέων μαδιαμ

6 καὶ εἶπον οἱ ἄρχοντες σοκχωθ μὴ χεὶρ ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα νῦν ἐν χειρί σου οὐ δώσομεν τῇ δυνάμει σου ἄρτους

7 καὶ εἶπεν γεδεων διὰ τοῦτο ἐν τῷ δοῦναι κύριον τὸν ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα ἐν χειρί μου καὶ ἐγὼ ἀλοήσω τὰς σάρκας ὑμῶν ἐν ταῖς ἀκάνθαις τῆς ἐρήμου καὶ ἐν ταῖς αβαρκηνιν

8 καὶ ἀνέβη ἐκεῖθεν εἰς φανουηλ καὶ ἐλάλησεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς ὡσαύτως καὶ ἀπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ ἄνδρες φανουηλ ὃν τρόπον ἀπεκρίθησαν ἄνδρες σοκχωθ

9 καὶ εἶπεν γεδεων πρὸς ἄνδρας φανουηλ ἐν ἐπιστροφῇ μου μετ' εἰρήνης τὸν πύργον τοῦτον κατασκάψω

10 καὶ ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα ἐν καρκαρ καὶ ἡ παρεμβολὴ αὐτῶν μετ' αὐτῶν ὡσεὶ δέκα πέντε χιλιάδες πάντες οἱ καταλελειμμένοι ἀπὸ πάσης παρεμβολῆς ἀλλοφύλων καὶ οἱ πεπτωκότες ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι χιλιάδες ἀνδρῶν σπωμένων ῥομφαίαν

11 καὶ ἀνέβη γεδεων ὁδὸν τῶν σκηνούντων ἐν σκηναῖς ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν τῆς ναβαι καὶ ιεγεβαλ καὶ ἐπάταξεν τὴν παρεμβολήν καὶ ἡ παρεμβολὴ ἦν πεποιθυῖα

12 καὶ ἔφυγον ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα καὶ ἐδίωξεν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ ἐκράτησεν τοὺς δύο βασιλεῖς μαδιαμ τὸν ζεβεε καὶ τὸν σελμανα καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν παρεμβολὴν ἐξέστησεν

13 καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν γεδεων υἱὸς ιωας ἀπὸ τῆς παρατάξεως ἀπὸ ἐπάνωθεν τῆς παρατάξεως αρες

14 καὶ συνέλαβεν παιδάριον ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνδρῶν σοκχωθ καὶ ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτόν καὶ ἔγραψεν πρὸς αὐτὸν τὰ ὀνόματα τῶν ἀρχόντων σοκχωθ καὶ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων αὐτῶν ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ ἑπτὰ ἄνδρας

15 καὶ παρεγένετο γεδεων πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας σοκχωθ καὶ εἶπεν ἰδοὺ ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα ἐν οἷς ὠνειδίσατέ με λέγοντες μὴ χεὶρ ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα νῦν ἐν χειρί σου ὅτι δώσομεν τοῖς ἀνδράσιν τοῖς ἐκλείπουσιν ἄρτους

16 καὶ ἔλαβεν τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους τῆς πόλεως ἐν ταῖς ἀκάνθαις τῆς ἐρήμου καὶ ταῖς βαρακηνιμ καὶ ἠλόησεν ἐν αὐτοῖς τοὺς ἄνδρας τῆς πόλεως

17 καὶ τὸν πύργον φανουηλ κατέστρεψεν καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν τοὺς ἄνδρας τῆς πόλεως

18 καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα ποῦ οἱ ἄνδρες οὓς ἀπεκτείνατε ἐν θαβωρ καὶ εἶπαν ὡς σύ ὡς αὐτοὶ εἰς ὁμοίωμα υἱοῦ βασιλέως

19 καὶ εἶπεν γεδεων ἀδελφοί μου καὶ υἱοὶ τῆς μητρός μου ἦσαν ζῇ κύριος εἰ ἐζωογονήκειτε αὐτούς οὐκ ἂν ἀπέκτεινα ὑμᾶς

20 καὶ εἶπεν ιεθερ τῷ πρωτοτόκῳ αὐτοῦ ἀναστὰς ἀπόκτεινον αὐτούς καὶ οὐκ ἔσπασεν τὸ παιδάριον τὴν ῥομφαίαν αὐτοῦ ὅτι ἐφοβήθη ὅτι ἔτι νεώτερος ἦν

21 καὶ εἶπεν ζεβεε καὶ σελμανα ἀνάστα σὺ καὶ συνάντησον ἡμῖν ὅτι ὡς ἀνδρὸς ἡ δύναμίς σου καὶ ἀνέστη γεδεων καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν τὸν ζεβεε καὶ τὸν σελμανα καὶ ἔλαβεν τοὺς μηνίσκους τοὺς ἐν τοῖς τραχήλοις τῶν καμήλων αὐτῶν

22 καὶ εἶπον ἀνὴρ ισραηλ πρὸς γεδεων κύριε ἄρξον ἡμῶν καὶ σὺ καὶ ὁ υἱός σου ὅτι σὺ ἔσωσας ἡμᾶς ἐκ χειρὸς μαδιαμ

23 καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς γεδεων οὐκ ἄρξω ἐγώ καὶ οὐκ ἄρξει ὁ υἱός μου ἐν ὑμῖν κύριος ἄρξει ὑμῶν

24 καὶ εἶπεν γεδεων πρὸς αὐτούς αἰτήσομαι παρ' ὑμῶν αἴτημα καὶ δότε μοι ἀνὴρ ἐνώτιον ἐκ σκύλων αὐτοῦ ὅτι ἐνώτια χρυσᾶ αὐτοῖς ὅτι ισμαηλῖται ἦσαν

25 καὶ εἶπαν διδόντες δώσομεν καὶ ἀνέπτυξεν τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔβαλεν ἐκεῖ ἀνὴρ ἐνώτιον σκύλων αὐτοῦ

26 καὶ ἐγένετο ὁ σταθμὸς τῶν ἐνωτίων τῶν χρυσῶν ὧν ᾔτησεν χίλιοι καὶ πεντακόσιοι χρυσοῖ πάρεξ τῶν μηνίσκων καὶ τῶν στραγγαλίδων καὶ τῶν ἱματίων καὶ πορφυρίδων τῶν ἐπὶ βασιλεῦσι μαδιαμ καὶ ἐκτὸς τῶν περιθεμάτων ἃ ἦν ἐν τοῖς τραχήλοις τῶν καμήλων αὐτῶν

27 καὶ ἐποίησεν αὐτὸ γεδεων εἰς εφωθ καὶ ἔστησεν αὐτὸ ἐν πόλει αὐτοῦ εφραθα καὶ ἐξεπόρνευσεν πᾶς ισραηλ ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ ἐκεῖ καὶ ἐγένετο τῷ γεδεων καὶ τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ εἰς σκῶλον

28 καὶ συνεστάλη μαδιαμ ἐνώπιον υἱῶν ισραηλ καὶ οὐ προσέθηκαν ἆραι κεφαλὴν αὐτῶν καὶ ἡσύχασεν ἡ γῆ τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη ἐν ἡμέραις γεδεων

29 καὶ ἐπορεύθη ιεροβααλ υἱὸς ιωας καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐν οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ

30 καὶ τῷ γεδεων ἦσαν ἑβδομήκοντα υἱοὶ ἐκπεπορευμένοι ἐκ μηρῶν αὐτοῦ ὅτι γυναῖκες πολλαὶ ἦσαν αὐτῷ

31 καὶ παλλακὴ αὐτοῦ ἦν ἐν συχεμ καὶ ἔτεκεν αὐτῷ καί γε αὐτὴ υἱόν καὶ ἔθηκεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ αβιμελεχ

32 καὶ ἀπέθανεν γεδεων υἱὸς ιωας ἐν πόλει αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐτάφη ἐν τῷ τάφῳ ιωας τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ ἐν εφραθα αβιεσδρι

33 καὶ ἐγένετο καθὼς ἀπέθανεν γεδεων καὶ ἐπέστρεψαν οἱ υἱοὶ ισραηλ καὶ ἐξεπόρνευσαν ὀπίσω τῶν βααλιμ καὶ ἔθηκαν ἑαυτοῖς τῷ βααλ διαθήκην τοῦ εἶναι αὐτοῖς αὐτὸν εἰς θεόν

34 καὶ οὐκ ἐμνήσθησαν οἱ υἱοὶ ισραηλ κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ῥυσαμένου αὐτοὺς ἐκ χειρὸς πάντων τῶν θλιβόντων αὐτοὺς κυκλόθεν

35 καὶ οὐκ ἐποίησαν ἔλεος μετὰ τοῦ οἴκου ιεροβααλ αὐτός ἐστιν γεδεων κατὰ πάντα τὰ ἀγαθά ἃ ἐποίησεν μετὰ ισραηλ

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 8

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 8: Gideon subdues the Midianites.

In this chapter, Gideon continued to dismantle Midian’s oppression over Israel, facing opposition from some of his fellow Israelites in the process. First, the men of Ephraim complained that he did not call them to war. Gideon replied by praising them for their vineyards, and for capturing the two Midianite princes. So, Ephraim’s indignation subsided.

Then Gideon went to the city of Succoth, and asked for bread to feed his army. But the men of Succoth refused, instead taunting him because he had not yet captured the kings of Midian. Gideon told them them he would punish them with thorns and briars, after he had killed the two kings. The people of Penuel were equally dismissive when Gideon asked them for help, and he swore to tear down their tower.

In due course, Gideon captured the two Midianite kings, Zebah and Zalmunna. Gideon told his oldest son to kill them, but he was young, and too afraid to do it. So Gideon killed the two kings, and punished the people of Succoth and Penuel.

When he returned from battle, the people of Israel asked Gideon to rule over them. However, he refused, saying that the Lord would rule Israel. He then collected gold from people’s earrings, used it to make an ephod (a priest’s garment), and set it up in his own city, Ophrah. The people began to worship it, and it became a snare for Gideon.

And Israel had peace for forty years under Gideon. Gideon had seventy sons, and died at an old age. As soon as he passed away, the Israelites forgot all the goodness that the Lord had shown them, and turned to worship other gods.

*****

The message of Gideon’s exchange with the Ephraimites is that sincerity and openness are the most powerful response to confrontation. Gideon, led by his trust in the Lord, could see the reason for Ephraim’s outburst, so he dealt with it by praising their strengths. This encounter shows how our faith in the Lord gives us a broader perspective, granting us the ability to respond rather than react (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 8159[3]).

When Gideon lashes out at the people of Succoth and Penuel, it may appear that he is acting purely from anger, and a wish to retaliate. In reality, he is filled with zeal to drive out the Midianites and free Israel. It is unthinkable to him that his own people would refuse to give his soldiers food. In our own lives, we can at times be astounded by our own resistance to serving the Lord’s purpose. We are constantly torn between two forces: heaven and hell (Arcana Caelestia 3839[3]).

The killing of the two Midianite kings reflects the need for justice in spiritual matters. If we fail to heed the truths we know and believe, we will suffer the consequences of fear and guilt. These are not inflicted by the Lord, but follow on from our own choices (Arcana Caelestia 2447). Gideon’s son’s inability to kill the kings means that behind spiritual justice, there must be an understanding of the essential value of all life (Arcana Caelestia 5826[2]).

Gideon’s ephod is a symbol showing how easily we can deviate from obeying the Lord. The text does not tell us the reason for Gideon’s actions, but perhaps he felt it was better for the people to worship something superficially related to worshiping the Lord, rather than following a foreign god. Seeing a priest’s garment reminds us that a priest serves the Lord. But we can so easily focus on the majesty of the ephod itself, and think no more about the priest’s duty nor about the Lord. We sometimes drift further from the Lord without even realizing it (see Swedenborg’s work, Divine Providence 327).

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Judges 8

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1 And the men of Ephraim said unto him, Why hast thou served us thus, that thou calledst us not, when thou wentest to fight with the Midianites? And they did chide with him sharply.

2 And he said unto them, What have I done now in comparison of you? Is not the gleaning of the grapes of Ephraim better than the vintage of Abi-ezer?

3 God hath delivered into your hands the princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb: and what was I able to do in comparison of you? Then their anger was abated toward him, when he had said that.

4 And Gideon came to Jordan, and passed over, he, and the three hundred men that were with him, faint, yet pursuing them.

5 And he said unto the men of Succoth, Give, I pray you, loaves of bread unto the people that follow me; for they be faint, and I am pursuing after Zebah and Zalmunna, kings of Midian.

6 And the princes of Succoth said, Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine hand, that we should give bread unto thine army?

7 And Gideon said, Therefore when the LORD hath delivered Zebah and Zalmunna into mine hand, then I will tear your flesh with the thorns of the wilderness and with briers.

8 And he went up thence to Penuel, and spake unto them likewise: and the men of Penuel answered him as the men of Succoth had answered him.

9 And he spake also unto the men of Penuel, saying, When I come again in peace, I will break down this tower.

10 Now Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor, and their hosts with them, about fifteen thousand men, all that were left of all the hosts of the children of the east: for there fell an hundred and twenty thousand men that drew sword.

11 And Gideon went up by the way of them that dwelt in tents on the east of Nobah and Jogbehah, and smote the host: for the host was secure.

12 And when Zebah and Zalmunna fled, he pursued after them, and took the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host.

13 And Gideon the son of Joash returned from battle before the sun was up,

14 And caught a young man of the men of Succoth, and inquired of him: and he described unto him the princes of Succoth, and the elders thereof, even threescore and seventeen men.

15 And he came unto the men of Succoth, and said, Behold Zebah and Zalmunna, with whom ye did upbraid me, saying, Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine hand, that we should give bread unto thy men that are weary?

16 And he took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness and briers, and with them he taught the men of Succoth.

17 And he beat down the tower of Penuel, and slew the men of the city.

18 Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna, What manner of men were they whom ye slew at Tabor? And they answered, As thou art, so were they; each one resembled the children of a king.

19 And he said, They were my brethren, even the sons of my mother: as the LORD liveth, if ye had saved them alive, I would not slay you.

20 And he said unto Jether his firstborn, Up, and slay them. But the youth drew not his sword: for he feared, because he was yet a youth.

21 Then Zebah and Zalmunna said, Rise thou, and fall upon us: for as the man is, so is his strength. And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took away the ornaments that were on their camels' necks.

22 Then the men of Israel said unto Gideon, Rule thou over us, both thou, and thy son, and thy son's son also: for thou hast delivered us from the hand of Midian.

23 And Gideon said unto them, I will not rule over you, neither shall my son rule over you: the LORD shall rule over you.

24 And Gideon said unto them, I would desire a request of you, that ye would give me every man the earrings of his prey. (For they had golden earrings, because they were Ishmaelites.)

25 And they answered, We will willingly give them. And they spread a garment, and did cast therein every man the earrings of his prey.

26 And the weight of the golden earrings that he requested was a thousand and seven hundred shekels of gold; beside ornaments, and collars, and purple raiment that was on the kings of Midian, and beside the chains that were about their camels' necks.

27 And Gideon made an ephod thereof, and put it in his city, even in Ophrah: and all Israel went thither a whoring after it: which thing became a snare unto Gideon, and to his house.

28 Thus was Midian subdued before the children of Israel, so that they lifted up their heads no more. And the country was in quietness forty years in the days of Gideon.

29 And Jerubbaal the son of Joash went and dwelt in his own house.

30 And Gideon had threescore and ten sons of his body begotten: for he had many wives.

31 And his concubine that was in Shechem, she also bare him a son, whose name he called Abimelech.

32 And Gideon the son of Joash died in a good old age, and was buried in the sepulchre of Joash his father, in Ophrah of the Abi-ezrites.

33 And it came to pass, as soon as Gideon was dead, that the children of Israel turned again, and went a whoring after Baalim, and made Baal-berith their god.

34 And the children of Israel remembered not the LORD their God, who had delivered them out of the hands of all their enemies on every side:

35 Neither shewed they kindness to the house of Jerubbaal, namely, Gideon, according to all the goodness which he had shewed unto Israel.