Novokřesťanské studium Bible

Bible

 

Joshua 24

Studie

   

1 καὶ συνήγαγεν ἰησοῦς πάσας φυλὰς ισραηλ εἰς σηλω καὶ συνεκάλεσεν τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους αὐτῶν καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς αὐτῶν καὶ τοὺς δικαστὰς αὐτῶν καὶ ἔστησεν αὐτοὺς ἀπέναντι τοῦ θεοῦ

2 καὶ εἶπεν ἰησοῦς πρὸς πάντα τὸν λαόν τάδε λέγει κύριος ὁ θεὸς ισραηλ πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ κατῴκησαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν τὸ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς θαρα ὁ πατὴρ αβρααμ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ ναχωρ καὶ ἐλάτρευσαν θεοῖς ἑτέροις

3 καὶ ἔλαβον τὸν πατέρα ὑμῶν τὸν αβρααμ ἐκ τοῦ πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ καὶ ὡδήγησα αὐτὸν ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ καὶ ἐπλήθυνα αὐτοῦ σπέρμα καὶ ἔδωκα αὐτῷ τὸν ισαακ

4 καὶ τῷ ισαακ τὸν ιακωβ καὶ τὸν ησαυ καὶ ἔδωκα τῷ ησαυ τὸ ὄρος τὸ σηιρ κληρονομῆσαι αὐτῷ καὶ ιακωβ καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ κατέβησαν εἰς αἴγυπτον καὶ ἐγένοντο ἐκεῖ εἰς ἔθνος μέγα καὶ πολὺ καὶ κραταιόν

5 καὶ ἐκάκωσαν αὐτοὺς οἱ αἰγύπτιοι καὶ ἐπάταξεν κύριος τὴν αἴγυπτον ἐν οἷς ἐποίησεν αὐτοῖς καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐξήγαγεν ὑμᾶς

6 ἐξ αἰγύπτου καὶ εἰσήλθατε εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν τὴν ἐρυθράν καὶ κατεδίωξαν οἱ αἰγύπτιοι ὀπίσω τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν ἐν ἅρμασιν καὶ ἐν ἵπποις εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν τὴν ἐρυθράν

7 καὶ ἀνεβοήσαμεν πρὸς κύριον καὶ ἔδωκεν νεφέλην καὶ γνόφον ἀνὰ μέσον ἡμῶν καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν αἰγυπτίων καὶ ἐπήγαγεν ἐπ' αὐτοὺς τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ἐκάλυψεν αὐτούς καὶ εἴδοσαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ὑμῶν ὅσα ἐποίησεν κύριος ἐν γῇ αἰγύπτῳ καὶ ἦτε ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἡμέρας πλείους

8 καὶ ἤγαγεν ὑμᾶς εἰς γῆν αμορραίων τῶν κατοικούντων πέραν τοῦ ιορδάνου καὶ παρετάξαντο ὑμῖν καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς κύριος εἰς τὰς χεῖρας ὑμῶν καὶ κατεκληρονομήσατε τὴν γῆν αὐτῶν καὶ ἐξωλεθρεύσατε αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ προσώπου ὑμῶν

9 καὶ ἀνέστη βαλακ ὁ τοῦ σεπφωρ βασιλεὺς μωαβ καὶ παρετάξατο τῷ ισραηλ καὶ ἀποστείλας ἐκάλεσεν τὸν βαλααμ ἀράσασθαι ὑμῖν

10 καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησεν κύριος ὁ θεός σου ἀπολέσαι σε καὶ εὐλογίαν εὐλόγησεν ὑμᾶς καὶ ἐξείλατο ὑμᾶς ἐκ χειρῶν αὐτῶν καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτούς

11 καὶ διέβητε τὸν ιορδάνην καὶ παρεγενήθητε εἰς ιεριχω καὶ ἐπολέμησαν πρὸς ὑμᾶς οἱ κατοικοῦντες ιεριχω ὁ αμορραῖος καὶ ὁ χαναναῖος καὶ ὁ φερεζαῖος καὶ ὁ ευαῖος καὶ ὁ ιεβουσαῖος καὶ ὁ χετταῖος καὶ ὁ γεργεσαῖος καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς κύριος εἰς τὰς χεῖρας ὑμῶν

12 καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν προτέραν ὑμῶν τὴν σφηκιάν καὶ ἐξέβαλεν αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ προσώπου ὑμῶν δώδεκα βασιλεῖς τῶν αμορραίων οὐκ ἐν τῇ ῥομφαίᾳ σου οὐδὲ ἐν τῷ τόξῳ σου

13 καὶ ἔδωκεν ὑμῖν γῆν ἐφ' ἣν οὐκ ἐκοπιάσατε ἐπ' αὐτῆς καὶ πόλεις ἃς οὐκ ᾠκοδομήσατε καὶ κατῳκίσθητε ἐν αὐταῖς καὶ ἀμπελῶνας καὶ ἐλαιῶνας οὓς οὐκ ἐφυτεύσατε ὑμεῖς ἔδεσθε

14 καὶ νῦν φοβήθητε κύριον καὶ λατρεύσατε αὐτῷ ἐν εὐθύτητι καὶ ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ περιέλεσθε τοὺς θεοὺς τοὺς ἀλλοτρίους οἷς ἐλάτρευσαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ καὶ ἐν αἰγύπτῳ καὶ λατρεύετε κυρίῳ

15 εἰ δὲ μὴ ἀρέσκει ὑμῖν λατρεύειν κυρίῳ ἕλεσθε ὑμῖν ἑαυτοῖς σήμερον τίνι λατρεύσητε εἴτε τοῖς θεοῖς τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν τοῖς ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ εἴτε τοῖς θεοῖς τῶν αμορραίων ἐν οἷς ὑμεῖς κατοικεῖτε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς αὐτῶν ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ ἡ οἰκία μου λατρεύσομεν κυρίῳ ὅτι ἅγιός ἐστιν

16 καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ λαὸς εἶπεν μὴ γένοιτο ἡμῖν καταλιπεῖν κύριον ὥστε λατρεύειν θεοῖς ἑτέροις

17 κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν αὐτὸς θεός ἐστιν αὐτὸς ἀνήγαγεν ἡμᾶς καὶ τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν ἐξ αἰγύπτου καὶ διεφύλαξεν ἡμᾶς ἐν πάσῃ τῇ ὁδῷ ᾗ ἐπορεύθημεν ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν οὓς παρήλθομεν δι' αὐτῶν

18 καὶ ἐξέβαλεν κύριος τὸν αμορραῖον καὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τὰ κατοικοῦντα τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ προσώπου ἡμῶν ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡμεῖς λατρεύσομεν κυρίῳ οὗτος γὰρ θεὸς ἡμῶν ἐστιν

19 καὶ εἶπεν ἰησοῦς πρὸς τὸν λαόν οὐ μὴ δύνησθε λατρεύειν κυρίῳ ὅτι θεὸς ἅγιός ἐστιν καὶ ζηλώσας οὗτος οὐκ ἀνήσει ὑμῶν τὰ ἁμαρτήματα καὶ τὰ ἀνομήματα ὑμῶν

20 ἡνίκα ἐὰν ἐγκαταλίπητε κύριον καὶ λατρεύσητε θεοῖς ἑτέροις καὶ ἐπελθὼν κακώσει ὑμᾶς καὶ ἐξαναλώσει ὑμᾶς ἀνθ' ὧν εὖ ἐποίησεν ὑμᾶς

21 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ λαὸς πρὸς ἰησοῦν οὐχί ἀλλὰ κυρίῳ λατρεύσομεν

22 καὶ εἶπεν ἰησοῦς πρὸς τὸν λαόν μάρτυρες ὑμεῖς καθ' ὑμῶν ὅτι ὑμεῖς ἐξελέξασθε κύριον λατρεύειν αὐτῷ

23 καὶ νῦν περιέλεσθε τοὺς θεοὺς τοὺς ἀλλοτρίους τοὺς ἐν ὑμῖν καὶ εὐθύνατε τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν πρὸς κύριον θεὸν ισραηλ

24 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ λαὸς πρὸς ἰησοῦν κυρίῳ λατρεύσομεν καὶ τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ἀκουσόμεθα

25 καὶ διέθετο ἰησοῦς διαθήκην πρὸς τὸν λαὸν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ νόμον καὶ κρίσιν ἐν σηλω ἐνώπιον τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ισραηλ

26 καὶ ἔγραψεν τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα εἰς βιβλίον νόμον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἔλαβεν λίθον μέγαν καὶ ἔστησεν αὐτὸν ἰησοῦς ὑπὸ τὴν τερέμινθον ἀπέναντι κυρίου

27 καὶ εἶπεν ἰησοῦς πρὸς τὸν λαόν ἰδοὺ ὁ λίθος οὗτος ἔσται ἐν ὑμῖν εἰς μαρτύριον ὅτι αὐτὸς ἀκήκοεν πάντα τὰ λεχθέντα αὐτῷ ὑπὸ κυρίου ὅ τι ἐλάλησεν πρὸς ἡμᾶς σήμερον καὶ ἔσται οὗτος ἐν ὑμῖν εἰς μαρτύριον ἐπ' ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν ἡνίκα ἐὰν ψεύσησθε κυρίῳ τῷ θεῷ μου

28 καὶ ἀπέστειλεν ἰησοῦς τὸν λαόν καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν ἕκαστος εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ

29 καὶ ἐλάτρευσεν ισραηλ τῷ κυρίῳ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας ἰησοῦ καὶ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας τῶν πρεσβυτέρων ὅσοι ἐφείλκυσαν τὸν χρόνον μετὰ ἰησοῦ καὶ ὅσοι εἴδοσαν πάντα τὰ ἔργα κυρίου ὅσα ἐποίησεν τῷ ισραηλ

30 καὶ ἐγένετο μετ' ἐκεῖνα καὶ ἀπέθανεν ἰησοῦς υἱὸς ναυη δοῦλος κυρίου ἑκατὸν δέκα ἐτῶν

31 καὶ ἔθαψαν αὐτὸν πρὸς τοῖς ὁρίοις τοῦ κλήρου αὐτοῦ ἐν θαμναθασαχαρα ἐν τῷ ὄρει τῷ εφραιμ ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τοῦ ὄρους γαας

31a ἐκεῖ ἔθηκαν μετ' αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ μνῆμα εἰς ὃ ἔθαψαν αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ τὰς μαχαίρας τὰς πετρίνας ἐν αἷς περιέτεμεν τοὺς υἱοὺς ισραηλ ἐν γαλγαλοις ὅτε ἐξήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ἐξ αἰγύπτου καθὰ συνέταξεν αὐτοῖς κύριος καὶ ἐκεῖ εἰσιν ἕως τῆς σήμερον ἡμέρας

32 καὶ τὰ ὀστᾶ ιωσηφ ἀνήγαγον οἱ υἱοὶ ισραηλ ἐξ αἰγύπτου καὶ κατώρυξαν ἐν σικιμοις ἐν τῇ μερίδι τοῦ ἀγροῦ οὗ ἐκτήσατο ιακωβ παρὰ τῶν αμορραίων τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν σικιμοις ἀμνάδων ἑκατὸν καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὴν ιωσηφ ἐν μερίδι

33 καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ ταῦτα καὶ ελεαζαρ υἱὸς ααρων ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς ἐτελεύτησεν καὶ ἐτάφη ἐν γαβααθ φινεες τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ ἣν ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ ἐν τῷ ὄρει τῷ εφραιμ

33a ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ λαβόντες οἱ υἱοὶ ισραηλ τὴν κιβωτὸν τοῦ θεοῦ περιεφέροσαν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς καὶ φινεες ἱεράτευσεν ἀντὶ ελεαζαρ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ ἕως ἀπέθανεν καὶ κατωρύγη ἐν γαβααθ τῇ ἑαυτοῦ

33b οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ ισραηλ ἀπήλθοσαν ἕκαστος εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτῶν καὶ εἰς τὴν ἑαυτῶν πόλιν καὶ ἐσέβοντο οἱ υἱοὶ ισραηλ τὴν ἀστάρτην καὶ ασταρωθ καὶ τοὺς θεοὺς τῶν ἐθνῶν τῶν κύκλῳ αὐτῶν καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς κύριος εἰς χεῖρας εγλωμ τῷ βασιλεῖ μωαβ καὶ ἐκυρίευσεν αὐτῶν ἔτη δέκα ὀκτώ

   

Komentář

 

Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 24

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 24: The covenant at Shechem and the death of Joshua.

In the beginning of this final chapter, Joshua recounts God’s work for Israel in great detail, spanning the time before Abraham through Isaac and Jacob, the Israelites’ time as slaves in Egypt, and the exodus through the wilderness for many years, culminating with crossing the Jordan and taking Jericho.

Joshua then told the people of Israel that they were to choose whom they would serve: the gods of their fathers, or the Lord God of Israel. The people strongly affirmed that they would follow the Lord and be faithful to Him. They repeated this several times. Then Joshua told them that they were witnesses of their choice, and he renewed the covenant with them there, at Shechem. To mark the covenant, Joshua took a large stone and set it up as a witness to remind the Israelites of what they had sworn that day.

And after all of this, Joshua died, and was buried within his inheritance at Timnath Serah. Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and continued to serve the Lord for some time after. And also Eleazar, the chief priest of Israel, died.

The bones of Joseph, which had been carried by Israel since they left slavery in Egypt, were then given their final resting place at Shechem in a plot of land originally bought by the family of Joseph.

The spiritual meaning of this chapter is all about commitment and devotion in our relationship with the Lord. Joshua’s review of events at the beginning is a reminder that the Lord leads us through life, with all its trials and blessings (see Swedenborg’s work, Heaven and Hell 18). In the work of regeneration, a high state of peace and of the Lord’s presence in us is followed by a state where we are in temptation and under attack from hell. In contrast, a state of temptation in which we stand firm and depend on the Lord leads to a state of trust, confidence, and the return of the Lord’s peace (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 933[2]).

Our spiritual life involves many repeated choices. This is why it is significant that the Israelites repeated their promise to serve the Lord so many times. We may feel that our decision to follow the Lord is a final one, but the reality is that we uphold (or refute) this decision in our actions each and every day. We will need to choose time and time again, even though we believe we would always choose the Lord (see Swedenborg’s work, Divine Providence 321[5]).

A covenant is a formal agreement. Biblical covenants are between people and the Lord. The Lord will always honor his part in the covenant, and we are to ensure that we will honor our part. Spiritually, the covenant is about the empowerment in declaring our commitment to the Lord. ‘This I will do.’ There is no longer any uncertainty or vagueness about our commitment to God. It has been sealed (Arcana Caelestia 1038).

The fact that Joshua commemorates the covenant with a stone also has important spiritual significance for us. A stone represents the strength and durability of truth when it becomes a permanent factor in our life. Committing to follow the Lord’s truths gives us a sturdy foundation in life.

When a story in the Bible mentions death, it always reflects the changing of some state in us. When Joshua and Eleazar the priest die, it is like moving on from a state which has served us well into a new and different state. In our regeneration, the Lord wants us to keep exploring new thoughts and decisions, so that we are always progressing and never complacent (Arcana Caelestia 1382).

The mention of Joseph’s bones at the very end of the chapter is also very significant. These bones of Joseph stand for the continuity of the Lord’s truth, wisdom and providence with us and for us. They also stand for the preservation of all that happens in a person’s life. All of these events make us the people we are, and will always keep shaping our spirit (Arcana Caelestia 6592).

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 1382

Prostudujte si tuto pasáž

  
/ 10837  
  

1382. People inevitably confuse Divine Infinity with infinity of space. And because they do not conceive of infinity of space as anything other than nothingness, as indeed it is, neither do they believe in Divine Infinity. The same applies to Eternity. They cannot conceive of it except as an eternity of time, but it is manifested continually by means of time to those who dwell within [space and] time. The true idea of Divine Infinity is instilled into angels by their being instantaneously under the Lord's view with no intervening space or time even if they came from the ends of the universe. And the true idea of Divine Eternity is instilled into them by the fact that thousands of years do not appear to them as a period of time, almost as if they had lived for only a minute. Both ideas are also instilled by means of the fact that the present with them includes past and future together. Consequently they have no anxiety about things of the future, nor do they ever have any idea of death, but only of life. And so their whole present includes within it the Lord's Eternity and Infinity.

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.

©2024 New Christian Bible Study Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed from newchristianbiblestudy.org