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호세아서 8

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1 나팔을 네 입에 댈지어다 대적이 독수리처럼 여호와의 집에 덮치리니 이는 무리가 내 언약을 어기며 내 율법을 범함이로다

2 저희가 장차 내게 부르짖기를 나의 하나님이여 우리 이스라엘이 주를 아나이다 하리라

3 이스라엘이 이미 선을 싫어 버렸으니 대적이 저를 따를 것이라

4 저희가 왕들을 세웠으나 내게서 말미암지 아니하였고 저희가 방백들을 세웠으나 나의 모르는 바며 저희가 또 그 은,금으로 자기를 위하여 우상을 만들었나니 파멸을 이루리라

5 사마리아여 네 송아지는 버리웠느니라 내 노가 무리를 향하여 타오르나니 저희가 어느 때에야 능히 무죄하겠느냐

6 이것은 이스라엘에서 나고 공장이 만든 것이라 참 신이 아니니 사마리아의 송아지가 부숴뜨리우리라

7 저희가 바람을 심고 광풍을 거둘 것이라 심은 것이 줄기가 없으며 이삭은 열매를 맺히지 못할 것이요 설혹 맺힐지라도 이방 사람이 삼키리라

8 이스라엘은 이미 삼키웠은즉 이제 열국 가운데 있는 것이 기뻐하지 아니하는 그릇 같도다

9 저희가 홀로 처한 들나귀처럼 앗수르로 갔고 에브라임이 값 주고 연애하는 자들을 얻었도다

10 저희가 열방 사람에게 값을 주었을찌라도 이제 내가 저희를 모으리니 저희가 모든 방백의 임금의 지워준 짐을 인하여 쇠하기 시작하리라

11 에브라임이 죄를 위하여 제단을 많이 만들더니 그 제단이 저로 범죄케 하는 것이 되었도다

12 내가 저를 위하여 내 율법을 만가지로 기록하였으나 저희가 관계없는 것으로 여기도다

13 내게 드리는 제물로 말할찌라도 저희가 고기로 제사를 드리고 먹거니와 여호와는 그것을 기뻐하지 아니하고 이제 저희의 죄악을 기억하여 그 죄를 벌하리니 저희가 애굽으로 다시 가리라

14 이스라엘은 자기를 지은 자를 잊어버리고 전각들을 세웠으며 유다는 견고한 성읍을 많이 쌓았으나 내가 그 고을들에 불을 보내어 그 성들을 삼키게 하리라

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 10407

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10407. 'And made out of it a calf of molded [metal]' means in keeping with the delight belonging to that nation's loves. This is clear from the meaning of 'a calf' as external or natural good, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'molded [metal]' as worship fashioned in support of external kinds of love, dealt with immediately above in 10406. And since the Israelite nation is the subject in the present chapter and that nation's interest lay in external things and not in what was internal, and so was ruled by external kinds of love, the expression 'in keeping with the delight belonging to that nation's loves' is used. For 'the calf', being an idol, means that delight.

[2] The ancients among whom representative worship existed knew what the various kinds of living creatures were the signs of; for the living creatures each have their own spiritual meaning, and their spiritual meanings govern the manifestations of such creatures in heaven as well, consequently the mention of them in the Word, and also their use in burnt offerings and sacrifices. 'A calf' means the good of innocence and charity within the external or natural man, see 9391, 9990, 10132; but when no good of innocence and charity is present, as is the case with those whose interest lies in external things and not in what is internal, 'a calf' means natural delight on the level of the senses, which is a delight belonging to a person's own wishes, desires, self-love, and love of the world. This delight is the one that exists with those whose interest lies in external things and not in what is internal, and the one they worship; for what a person loves above all things, that he worships. They say, it is true, that they worship the God of all creation; but they say it with their lips and not their heart. People such as these are meant by those who worship the calf of molded [metal].

[3] The Egyptians were such more than all others. Because they possessed a greater knowledge of correspondences and representations than all other nations they made various idols for themselves, as is evident from the Egyptian idols that are still in existence. But their chief idol was the calf, by which they wished to signify their external good within worship. But when their knowledge of correspondences and representations, which was greater than that of other nations, was turned into magic, the calf took on a contrary meaning, namely that of the delight belonging to external kinds of love. And when the calf was placed in temples and worshipped as a god it meant that kind of delight expressed in worship.

[4] Because the Israelite nation brought that idolatrous practice with them out of Egypt, in their case the calf, when worshipped by them as a god, means the delight belonging to their particular loves expressed in worship. What kind of loves these were may be recognized from what has been shown in the places referred to above in 10396. For they were ruled, as they are at the present day, by self-love and love of the world more than all others. It is well known that at the present day they are ruled by a most earthly kind of love; for they love silver and gold not because of any use these can serve but for the sake of silver and gold themselves. This love is the most earthly of all, for it is foul avarice. With them self-love is not plainly visible but lies hidden in their heart, as is normally so with all who are foully avaricious. It is well known too that no love of the neighbour exists with them; and to the extent that love of the neighbour is absent from someone, self-love resides in him.

[5] From all this it now becomes clear what the calf of molded [metal] made by Aaron for that nation means. The like is meant by it in the following places: In Jeremiah,

A very beautiful heifer was Egypt; destruction has come from the north. And her hired servants in the midst of her are like calves of the fattening stall 1 . Jeremiah 46:20-21.

In David,

They made a calf in Horeb and bowed down to the molded image; and they changed the glory into the effigy of the ox that eats the plant 2 . Psalms 106:19-20.

In Hosea,

They sin more and more, and make for themselves a molded image from their silver, idols by their own intelligence, completely the work of craftsmen, saying to them, Those who offer human sacrifice 3 kiss the calves. Hosea 13:2.

In Isaiah,

The unicorns will come down with them, and the calves with the powerful ones; and their land will become drunk with blood, and their dust will be made fat with fatness. Isaiah 34:7.

In the same prophet,

The fortified city will be solitary, a habitation forsaken and left [like a wilderness]; there the calf will feed, and there it will lie down and consume its branches. And its harvest will wither. Isaiah 27:10-11.

In David,

Rebuke the wild animal of the reeds, the congregation of the strong ones, among the calves of the peoples, trampling on the fragments of silver. They have scattered the peoples. Psalms 68:30.

In Jeremiah,

I will give the men who transgressed My covenant, who did not keep the terms of the covenant which they made before Me, that of the calf which they cut in two, in order that they might pass between its parts - the princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the royal ministers and the priests, and all the people of the land who passed between the parts of the calf - I will give them into the hand of their enemies, that their dead bodies may be food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth. Jeremiah 34:18-20.

And in Hosea,

They have made a king, and not by Me; they have made princes, and I did not know. Their silver and their gold they have made into idols, that they may be cut off. Your calf has deserted [you], O Samaria. For from Israel is this also. A smith has made it, and it is not God; for the calf of Samaria will be broken to 4 pieces. Hosea 8:4-6.

For explanations of all these quotations, see 9391.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. i.e. mercenaries who are like fat bulls

2. i.e. grass or herbage

3. Reading Sacrificantes hominem (Those sacrificing a human being i.e. Those who offer human sacrifice) for Sacrificant hominem (They sacrifice a human being)

4. literally, will become or will be made into

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.