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Giudici 18

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1 In quel tempo, non v’era re in Israele; e in quel medesimo tempo, la tribù dei Daniti cercava un possesso per stabilirvisi, perché fino a quei giorni, non le era toccata alcuna eredità fra le tribù d’Israele.

2 I figliuoli di Dan mandaron dunque da Tsorea e da Eshtaol cinque uomini della loro tribù, presi di fra loro tutti, uomini valorosi, per esplorare ed esaminare il paese; e dissero loro: "Andate a esaminare il paese!" Quelli giunsero nella contrada montuosa di Efraim, alla casa di Mica, e pernottarono in quel luogo.

3 Come furon presso alla casa di Mica, riconobbero la voce del giovine Levita; e, avvicinatisi, gli chiesero: "Chi t’ha condotto qua? che fai in questo luogo? che hai tu qui?"

4 Egli rispose loro: "Mica mi ha fatto questo e questo: mi stipendia, e io gli servo da sacerdote".

5 E quelli gli dissero: "Deh, consulta Iddio, affinché sappiamo se il viaggio che abbiamo intrapreso sarà prospero".

6 Il sacerdote rispose loro: "Andate in pace; il viaggio che fate è sotto lo sguardo dell’Eterno".

7 I cinque uomini dunque partirono, giunsero a Lais, e videro che il popolo, Il quale vi abitava, viveva in sicurtà, al modo de’ Sidonii, tranquillo e fidente, poiché nel paese non c’era alcuno in autorità che potesse far loro il menomo torto, ed erano lontani dai Sidonii e non aveano relazione con alcuno.

8 Poi tornarono ai loro fratelli a Tsorea ed a Eshtaol; e i fratelli chiesero loro: "Che dite?"

9 Quelli risposero: "Leviamoci e saliamo contro quella gente; poiché abbiam visto il paese, ed ecco, è eccellente. E voi ve ne state là senza dir verbo? Non siate pigri a muovervi per andare a prender possesso del paese!

10 Quando arriverete là troverete un popolo che se ne sta sicuro. Il paese è vasto, e Dio ve lo ha dato nelle mani: è un luogo dove non manca nulla di ciò che è sulla terra".

11 E seicento uomini della famiglia dei Daniti partirono da Tsorea e da Eshtaol, muniti d’armi.

12 Salirono, e si accamparono a Kiriath-Jearim, in Giuda; perciò quel luogo, che è dietro a Kiriath-Jearim, fu chiamato e si chiama anche oggi Mahané-Dan.

13 E di là passarono nella contrada montuosa di Efraim, e giunsero alla casa di Mica.

14 Allora cinque uomini ch’erano andati ad esplorare il paese di Lais, presero a dire ai loro fratelli: "Sapete voi che in queste case c’è un efod, ci son degl’idoli, un’immagine scolpita e un’immagine di getto? Considerate ora quel che dovete fare".

15 Quelli si diressero da quella parte, giunsero alla casa del giovane Levita, alla casa di Mica, e gli chiesero notizie del suo bene stare.

16 I seicento uomini de’ figliuoli di Dan, muniti delle loro armi, si misero davanti alla porta.

17 Ma i cinque uomini ch’erano andati ad esplorare il paese, salirono, entrarono in casa, presero l’immagine scolpita, l’efod, gl’idoli e l’immagine di getto, mentre il sacerdote stava davanti alla porta coi seicento uomini armati.

18 E quando furono entrati in casa di Mica ed ebbero preso l’immagine scolpita, l’efod, gl’idoli e l’immagine di getto, il sacerdote disse loro: "Che fate?"

19 Quelli gli risposero: "Taci, mettiti la mano sulla bocca, vieni con noi, e sarai per noi un padre e un sacerdote. Che è meglio per te, esser sacerdote in casa d’un uomo solo, ovvero esser sacerdote di una tribù e d’una famiglia in Israele?"

20 Il sacerdote si rallegrò in cuor suo; prese l’efod, gl’idoli e l’immagine scolpita, e s’unì a quella gente.

21 Così si rimisero in cammino, mettendo innanzi a loro i bambini, il bestiame e i bagagli.

22 Com’erano già lungi dalla casa di Mica, la gente che abitava nelle case vicine a quella di Mica, si radunò e inseguì i figliuoli di Dan.

23 E siccome gridava dietro ai figliuoli di Dan, questi, rivoltatisi indietro, dissero a Mica: "Che cosa hai, che hai radunata cotesta gente?"

24 Egli rispose: "Avete portato via gli dèi che m’ero fatti e il sacerdote, e ve ne siete andati. Or che mi resta egli più? Come potete dunque dirmi: Che hai?"

25 I figliuoli di Dan gli dissero: "Fa’ che non s’oda la tua voce dietro a noi, perché degli uomini irritati potrebbero scagliarsi su voi, e tu ci perderesti la vita tua e quella della tua famiglia!"

26 I figliuoli di Dan continuarono il loro viaggio; e Mica, vedendo ch’essi eran più forti di lui se ne tornò indietro e venne a casa sua.

27 Ed essi, dopo aver preso le cose che Mica avea fatte e il sacerdote che aveva al suo servizio, giunsero a Lais, a un popolo che se ne stava tranquillo e in sicurtà; lo passarono a fil di spada, e dettero la città alle fiamme.

28 E non ci fu alcuno che la liberasse, perch’era lontana da Sidon, e i suoi abitanti non avean relazioni con altra gente. Essa era nella valle che si estende verso Beth-Rehob.

29 Poi i Daniti ricostruirono la città e l’abitarono. E le posero nome Dan, dal nome di Dan loro padre, che fu figliuolo d’Israele; ma prima, il nome della città era Lais.

30 Poi i figliuoli di Dan rizzarono per sé l’immagine scolpita; e Gionathan, figliuolo di Ghershom, figliuolo di Mosè, e i suoi figliuoli furono sacerdoti della tribù dei Daniti fino al giorno in cui gli abitanti del paese furon deportati.

31 Così rizzarono par se l’immagine scolpita che Mica avea fatta, durante tutto il tempo che la casa di Dio rimase a Sciloh.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 18

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

The Tribe of Dan Adopts Micah’s Idolatry

This chapter shows the way in which one person’s distortion of truth, turning it into a falsity, can have severe consequences on a larger scale.

The tribe of Dan – one of the twelve tribes of Israel – was given land to the west, by the coast, but they found it hard to hold on to. The name of the tribe of Dan means ‘to judge’, but if judgment isn't based on the Word there will be chaos. (Arcana Caelestia 842)

Faced with competition for their homeland, the tribal leaders of Dan went looking for a place for themselves elsewhere. They sent five men of valour to spy out the land. These men came to Micah’s house, and they recognised the voice of the young Levite there. They questioned him about his situation, and he told them that Micah had hired him to be a priest to his household. The men of Dan asked the Levite to ask the Lord if their search would be prosperous, and he told them that it would be.

The spiritual meaning of this part of the chapter is to do with an intensifying wrongness. At the textual level, there is reference to the Lord, and an apparent normality in what takes place. But underlying it, there's a wrongness, which will become apparent later in the chapter. The pointers to it here are the five men from Dan, them coming straight to Micah’s house, and the hiring of a priest.

The number ‘five’ has a good meaning in many parts of the Word, but it can also have a bad meaning, as it does here. In this context, it stands for only a little, for disunion and the destruction of the Word (Apocalypse Revealed 738).

Coming directly to Micah’s house and recognising the Levite brings together two evil intentions: Micah’s idol and the men of Dan’s search to take a home for themselves. An example for us could be where two people plot to seek the harm of a third person. (Arcana Caelestia 4724)

The hiring of a priest is something disallowed, for priests are there to serve the Lord and they are provided for by the people, not to be hired. Hiring, spiritually, stands for seeking reward for what you do, whereas the true reward is heaven for those who serve without expecting a reward. (Arcana Caelestia 8002)

The five men leave Micah's house, and go on to Laish in the far north, where there are people who dwell securely in peace and without rulers, far from others and with no ties. Laish means ‘fearless and kneaded together’. It is a picture of perfection, of heaven. (Divine Love and Wisdom 200)

The five men then return to their tribe of Dan and report about Laish. They say that it is ideal for the taking because it has plenty of land and its people are secure. They say that “God has given it into your hands”.

Six hundred men of the tribe of Dan set out and they too, come to the house of Micah. The five spies tell them about the idols and they meet and greet the young Levite. Then the five spies go in and take all the idols in the house. The Levite joins up with the men from Dan and they go on together.

One spiritual meaning in the story is that evil (Dan, gone bad) loves to destroy peace and innocence (Laish).

The complete loss to Micah of all his idols and his hired priest, shows, too, that in fully turning to evil, there is the final loss of everything that might bring a person back. (Arcana Caelestia 9039)

People living near Micah go and accost the men of Dan about what they have taken -- but Micah is told to stop complaining or his household will be killed.

The Danites leave, and go and capture Laish, killing and burning, and re-naming the city Dan. There they set up the images and appoint priests. These images remain in Dan all the time that the house of God is in Shiloh.

The spiritual meaning of one evil or falsity becoming greater or more numerous is in the way that we might hold a negative emotion or a distorted view in our mind where it then spreads to other emotions and views we have and brings them into greater evil and falsity. This is the intention of evil and also of hell’s influence, to extend it to be as widespread as possible.

This is the outcome of everything that has developed through this and the previous chapter. It describes the spread of evil to become a terrible force for destruction and spiritually, for an individual person, for self-destruction. In the context of the decline of Israel to where ‘everyone did what was right in their own eyes’ this progression presents the pathway and process of that spiritual loss. (Divine Providence 19)

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Arcana Coelestia # 9039

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9039. 'Since he is his silver' means that which has been acquired from the self. This is clear from the meaning of 'silver' as truth, dealt with in 1551, 2954, 5658, 6112, 6914, 6917, at this point truth that has been acquired by the self since it refers to a slave who has been bought. The words 'truth that has been acquired by the self' describe that which a person believes to be the truth - even though it is not the truth - because he has drawn it from preconceptions adopted by the self. This is what truth is like with those who explain the Word without having been enlightened by the light of heaven, that is, who read it without an affection for truth for the sake of goodness of life, since they are unenlightened. If this truth is disposed of after full contemplation of it, there is no punishment of death, that is, no damnation, because it is not a spiritual Divine truth. But if it is disposed of before full contemplation, there is damnation, for it is a casting aside of the truth of faith itself. What has become part of anyone's faith, even though not the truth, must not be cast aside without full contemplation of it. If it is cast aside before this the tender beginnings of spiritual life in the person are rooted out. For this reason also the Lord never breaks this kind of truth with a person, but so far as is possible He bends it.

[2] Let an example serve to shed light on this. Take someone who believes that the glory and consequently the joy of heaven consist in domination over many, and who uses this accepted idea to explain the Lord's words which declare that the slaves who had earned ten minas and five minas were to have power over ten cities and over five cities, Luke 19:11-26, using also the Lord's words to the disciples, that they would sit on thrones and would judge the twelve tribes of Israel, Luke 22:30. If that person disposes of his faith, which is a belief in truth he has acquired from the literal sense of the Word, before full contemplation of it, he causes the loss of his spiritual life. But if after full contemplation he uses other words to explain what the Lord said - the Lord's words that whoever has the wish to be the greatest must be the least, and whoever has the wish to be the first must be the slave of all, Matthew 20:26-28; Mark 10:42-44; Luke 22:24-27 - then if he disposes of his belief that heavenly glory and joy come out of having dominion over many, he does not cause any loss of his spiritual life. For by 'the cities' over which those who had earned the mines were to have power are meant the truths of faith, 2268, 2449, 2712, 2943, 3216, and therefore intelligence and wisdom; and the same things are meant by 'the thrones' on which the disciples were going to sit, 2129, 6397.

[3] Those in heaven who by virtue of the truths of faith excel others in intelligence and wisdom are also so humble that they ascribe the whole of their power to the Lord and none whatever to themselves. Therefore they find no glory or joy at all in dominating, only in serving. And when this is their state they excel others in dominion, and also in glory and joy; but they do so not because of any wish to dominate, as has been stated, only because of a desire springing from love and charity, which is a desire to serve others. For the Lord flows in with power with those who are humble, but not with those who are haughty, because the humble accept His influx whereas the haughty reject it, 7489, 7491, 7492.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.