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1 L’Eterno disse a Mosè: "Vedi, io ti ho stabilito come Dio per Faraone, e Aaronne tuo fratello sarà il tuo profeta.

2 Tu dirai tutto quello che t’ordinerò, e Aaronne tuo fratello parlerà a Faraone, perché lasci partire i figliuoli d’Israele dal suo paese.

3 E io indurerò il cuore di Faraone, e moltiplicherò i miei segni e i miei prodigi nel paese d’Egitto.

4 E Faraone non vi darà ascolto; e io metterò la mia mano sull’Egitto, e farò uscire dal paese d’Egitto le mie schiere, il mio popolo, i figliuoli d’Israele, mediante grandi giudizi.

5 E gli Egiziani conosceranno che io sono l’Eterno, quando avrò steso la mia mano sull’Egitto e avrò tratto di mezzo a loro i figliuoli d’Israele".

6 E Mosè e Aaronne fecero così; fecero come l’Eterno avea loro ordinato.

7 Or Mosè aveva ottant’anni e Aaronne ottantatre, quando parlarono a Faraone.

8 L’Eterno parlò a Mosè e ad Aaronne, dicendo:

9 "Quando Faraone vi parlerà e vi dirà: Fate un prodigio! tu dirai ad Aaronne: Prendi il tuo bastone, gettalo davanti a Faraone, e diventerà un serpente".

10 Mosè ed Aaronne andaron dunque da Faraone, e fecero come l’Eterno aveva ordinato. Aaronne gettò il suo bastone davanti a Faraone e davanti ai suoi servitori, e quello diventò un serpente.

11 Faraone a sua volta chiamò i savi e gl’incantatori; e i magi d’Egitto fecero anch’essi lo stesso, con le loro arti occulte.

12 Ognun d’essi gettò il suo bastone, e i bastoni diventaron serpenti; ma il bastone d’Aaronne inghiottì i bastoni di quelli.

13 E il cuore di Faraone s’indurò, ed egli non diè ascolto a Mosè e ad Aaronne, come l’Eterno avea detto.

14 L’Eterno disse a Mosè: "Il cuor di Faraone è ostinato;

15 egli rifiuta di lasciar andare il popolo. Va’ da Faraone domani mattina; ecco, egli uscirà per andare verso l’acqua; tu sta’ ad aspettarlo sulla riva del fiume, e prendi in mano il bastone ch’è stato mutato in serpente.

16 E digli: L’Eterno, l’Iddio degli Ebrei, m’ha mandato da te per dirti: Lascia andare il mio popolo, perché mi serva nel deserto; ed ecco, fino ad ora, tu non hai ubbidito.

17 Così dice l’Eterno: Da questo conoscerai che io sono l’Eterno; ecco, io percoterò col bastone che ho in mia mano le acque che son nel fiume, ed esse saran mutate in sangue.

18 E il pesce ch’è nel fiume morrà, e il fiume cara ammorbato, e gli Egiziani avranno ripugnanza a bere l’acqua del fiume".

19 E l’Eterno disse a Mosè: "Di’ ad Aaronne: Prendi il tuo bastone, e stendi la tua mano sulle acque dell’Egitto, sui loro fiumi, sui loro rivi, sui loro stagni e sopra ogni raccolta d’acqua; essi diventeranno sangue, e vi sarà sangue per tutto il paese d’Egitto, perfino ne’ recipienti di legno e ne’ recipienti di pietra".

20 Mosè ed Aaronne fecero come l’Eterno aveva ordinato. Aaronne alzò il bastone, e in presenza di Faraone e in presenza dei suoi servitori percosse le acque ch’erano nel fiume; e tutte le acque ch’erano nel fiume furon cangiate in sangue.

21 E il pesce ch’era nel fiume morì; e il fiume fu ammorbato, sì che gli Egiziani non potevan bere l’acqua del fiume; e vi fu sangue per tutto il paese d’Egitto.

22 E i magi d’Egitto fecero lo stesso con le loro arti occulte; e il cuore di Faraone s’indurò ed egli non diè ascolto a Mosè e ad Aaronne, come l’Eterno avea detto.

23 E Faraone, volte ad essi le spalle, se ne andò a casa sua, e neanche di questo fece alcun caso.

24 E tutti gli Egiziani fecero degli scavi ne’ pressi del fiume per trovare dell’acqua da bere, perché non potevan bere l’acqua del fiume.

25 E passaron sette interi giorni, dopo che l’Eterno ebbe percosso il fiume.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 5223

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5223. 'And he sent and called all the magi of Egypt, and its wise men means in consulting factual knowledge, interior as well as exterior. This is clear from the meaning of 'the magi' in the good sense as interior factual knowledge, dealt with below, and from the meaning of 'wise men' as exterior factual knowledge, also dealt with below. The reason 'the magi and wise men of Egypt' means factual knowledge is that Egypt had been one of the kingdoms where the representative Ancient Church existed, 1278, 2385. But in Egypt the facts known to that Church were the particular objects of care and attention, being knowledge about correspondences, representatives, and meaningful signs. For that knowledge was used to explain what had been written in the books of the Church, and to explain the things that were done in their sacred worship, 4749, 4964, 4966. This was how it came about that 'Egypt' meant factual knowledge in general, 1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, as did 'Pharaoh' its king too. The leading people among them who were well-versed in and imparted that knowledge were called magi and wise men. The magi were those well-versed in mystical knowledge, the wise men those well-versed in non-mystical, so that the facts known to the magi were interior ones, while those known to the wise men were exterior. This explains why such factual knowledge is meant in the Word by those two kinds of men. But after they began to misuse the Church's interior factual knowledge and to turn it into magic, Egypt', and likewise 'the magi of Egypt and its wise men', began to mean factual knowledge that led to perversions.

[2] The magi in those times had a knowledge of the kinds of things that belong to the spiritual world, and in their teaching about these they employed the correspondences and the representatives known to the Church. For this reason many of those magi also communicated with spirits and learned the arts of illusion which they used to perform miracles that involved magic. But those who were called the wise men had no interest in anything like this. Instead they provided the answers to hard questions and taught about the causes lying behind natural things. It was primarily in arts such as these that the wisdom of those times consisted, and the ability to practise them was called wisdom. This becomes clear from what is recorded about Solomon in the first Book of Kings,

Solomon's wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the sons of the east, and all the wisdom of the Egyptians, so much so that he was wiser than all people - than Ethan the Ezrahite, and Heman, and Chalcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. He spoke three thousand proverbs, and his songs were one thousand and five. In addition he spoke about trees, from the cedars which are in Lebanon even to the hyssop which comes out of the wall. He also spoke about beasts, and about birds, and about creeping things, and about fish. Therefore they came from all peoples to hear the wisdom of Solomon, from all kings of the earth who had heard about his wisdom. 1 Kings 4:30-34.

Also there is what is recorded about the queen of Sheba in the same book,

She came to test him with hard questions; and Solomon gave her an explanation for every matter she mentioned. 1 There was not a matter 2 hidden from the king for which he could not give her an explanation. 1 Kings 10:1 and following verses.

[3] From this one may see what was described in those times as wisdom and who exactly those people were who were called wise men, not only in Egypt but also elsewhere - in Syria, Arabia, and Babel. But in the internal sense 'the wisdom of Egypt' means nothing else than knowledge about natural things, while 'that of the magi' means knowledge about spiritual realities, so that exterior factual knowledge is meant by 'the wise men', and interior factual knowledge by 'the magi', 'Egypt' meaning knowledge in general, 1164, 1165, 1186, 1462, 4749, 4964, 4966.

Egypt and its wise men had no other meaning in Isaiah,

The princes of Zoan are foolish, the counsel of the wise counsellors of Pharaoh has become brutish. How does one say to Pharaoh, I am a son of the wise, a son of the kings of old? Where are your wise men now? Isaiah 19:11-12.

[4] The fact that the term 'magi' was applied to those who had a knowledge of spiritual realities, and who also for that reason received revelations, is clear from the magi who came from the east to Jerusalem, asking where the King of the Jews was to be born and saying that they had seen His star in the east and had come to worship Him, Matthew 2:1-2. The same is also clear from Daniel, who is called the chief of the magi in Daniel 4:9. And in another place,

The queen said to King Belshazzar, There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the spirit of the holy gods. And in the days of your father, light and intelligence and wisdom, like the wisdom of the gods, were found in him. Therefore King Nebuchadnezzar your father set him up as chief of the magi, diviners, Chaldeans, and determiners. Daniel 5:11.

And in yet another place,

Among them all none was found like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah; for when they were to stand before the king, every matter of wisdom [and] understanding which the king asked of them exceeded ten times [that of] all the magi, the diviners who were in his kingdom. Daniel 1:19-20.

[5] It is well known that in the contrary sense 'magi' 3 is used to mean those who pervert spiritual realities and thereby practise magic, like those mentioned in Exodus 7:9-12; 8:7, 19; 9:11. For magic is nothing else than a perversion, being the perverted use of those kinds of things that constitute true order in the spiritual world, a perverted use that gives rise to magic. But at the present day such magic is called natural, for the reason that no recognition exists any longer of anything above or beyond the natural order. People refuse to accept the existence of anything spiritual unless one means by this an interior dimension of what is natural.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, all her words

2. literally, word

3. The same Latin noun magus describes a wise man or philosopher in a good sense, but a magician in a bad sense.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.