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Deuteronomio 12

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1 Queste sono le leggi e le prescrizioni che avrete cura d’osservare nel paese che l’Eterno, l’Iddio de’ tuoi padri, ti da perché tu lo possegga, tutto il tempo che vivrete sulla terra.

2 Distruggerete interamente tutti i luoghi dove le nazioni che state per cacciare servono i loro dèi: sugli alti monti, sui colli, e sotto qualunque albero verdeggiante.

3 Demolirete i loro altari, spezzerete le loro statue, darete alle fiamme i loro idoli d’Astarte, abbatterete le immagini scolpite dei loro dèi, e farete sparire il loro nome da quei luoghi.

4 Non così farete riguardo all’Eterno, all’Iddio vostro;

5 ma lo cercherete nella sua dimora, nel luogo che l’Eterno, il vostro Dio, avrà scelto fra tutte le vostre tribù, per mettervi il suo nome; e quivi andrete;

6 quivi recherete i vostri olocausti e i vostri sacrifizi, le vostre decime, quel che le vostre mani avranno prelevato, le vostre offerte votive e le vostre offerte volontarie, e i primogeniti de’ vostri armenti e de’ vostri greggi;

7 e quivi mangerete davanti all’Eterno, ch’è il vostro Dio, e vi rallegrerete, voi e le vostre famiglie, godendo di tutto ciò a cui avrete messo mano, e in cui l’Eterno, il vostro Dio, vi avrà benedetti.

8 Non farete come facciamo oggi qui, dove ognuno fa tutto quel che gli par bene,

9 perché finora non siete giunti al riposo e all’eredità che l’Eterno, il vostro Dio, vi .

10 Ma passerete il Giordano e abiterete il paese che l’Eterno, il vostro Dio, vi dà in eredità, e avrete requie da tutti i vostri nemici che vi circondano e sarete stanziati in sicurtà;

11 e allora, recherete al luogo che l’Eterno, il vostro Dio, avrà scelto per dimora del suo nome, tutto quello che vi comando: i vostri olocausti e i vostri sacrifizi, le vostre decime, quel che le vostre mani avranno prelevato, e tutte le offerte scelte che avrete votate all’Eterno.

12 E vi rallegrerete dinanzi all’Eterno, al vostro Dio, voi, i vostri figliuoli, le vostre figliuole, i vostri servi, le vostre serve e il Levita che sarà entro le vostre porte; poich’egli non ha né parte né possesso tra voi.

13 Allora ti guarderai bene dall’offrire i tuoi olocausti in qualunque luogo vedrai;

14 ma offrirai i tuoi olocausti nel luogo che l’Eterno avrà scelto in una delle tue tribù; e quivi farai tutto quello che ti comando.

15 Però, potrai a tuo piacimento scannare animali e mangiarne la carne in tutte le tue città, secondo la benedizione che l’Eterno t’avrà largita; tanto colui che sarà impuro come colui che sarà puro ne potranno mangiare, come si fa della carne di gazzella e di cervo;

16 ma non ne mangerete il sangue; lo spargerai per terra come acqua.

17 Non potrai mangiare entro le tue porte le decime del tuo frumento, del tuo mosto, del tuo olio, né i primogeniti de’ tuoi armenti e de’ tuoi greggi, né ciò che avrai consacrato per voto, né le tue offerte volontarie, né quel che le tue mani avranno prelevato;

18 tali cose mangerai dinanzi all’Eterno, ch’è il tuo Dio, nel luogo che l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, avrà scelto, tu, il tuo figliuolo, la tua figliuola, il tuo servo, la tua serva, e il Levita che sarà entro le tue porte; e ti rallegrerai dinanzi all’Eterno, ch’è il tuo Dio, d’ogni cosa a cui avrai messo mano.

19 Guardati bene, tutto il tempo che vivrai nel tuo paese, dall’abbandonare il Levita.

20 Quando l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, avrà ampliato i tuoi confini, come t’ha promesso, e tu, desiderando di mangiar della carne dirai: "Vorrei mangiar della carne", potrai mangiar della carne a tuo piacimento.

21 Se il luogo che l’Eterno, il tuo Dio, avrà scelto per porvi il suo nome sarà lontano da te, potrai ammazzare del grosso e del minuto bestiame che l’Eterno t’avrà dato, come t’ho prescritto; e potrai mangiarne entro le tue porte a tuo piacimento.

22 Soltanto, ne mangerai come si mangia la carne di gazzella e di cervo; ne potrà mangiare tanto chi sarà impuro quanto chi sarà puro;

23 ma guardati assolutamente dal mangiarne il sangue, perché il sangue e la vita; e tu non mangerai la vita insieme con la carne.

24 Non lo mangerai; lo spargerai per terra come acqua.

25 Non lo mangerai affinché sii felice tu e i tuoi figliuoli dopo di te, quando avrai fatto ciò ch’è retto agli occhi dell’Eterno.

26 Ma quanto alle cose che avrai consacrate o promesse per voto, le prenderai e andrai al luogo che l’Eterno avrà scelto,

27 e offrirai i tuoi olocausti, la carne e il sangue, sull’altare dell’Eterno, ch’è il tuo Dio; e il sangue delle altre tue vittime dovrà essere sparso sull’altare dell’Eterno, del tuo Dio, e tu ne mangerai la carne.

28 Osserva e ascolta tutte queste cose che ti comando, affinché sii sempre felice tu e i tuoi figliuoli dopo di te, quando avrai fatto ciò ch’è bene e retto agli occhi dell’Eterno, ch’è il tuo Dio.

29 Quando l’Eterno, l’Iddio tuo, avrà sterminate davanti a te le nazioni là dove tu stai per entrare a spodestarle, e quando le avrai spodestate e ti sarai stanziato nel loro paese,

30 guardati bene dal cadere nel laccio, seguendo il loro esempio, dopo che saranno state distrutte davanti a te, e dall’informarti de’ loro dèi, dicendo: "Queste nazioni come servivano esse ai loro dèi? Anch’io vo’ fare lo stesso".

31 Non così farai riguardo all’Eterno, all’Iddio tuo; poiché esse praticavano verso i loro dèi tutto ciò ch’è abominevole per l’Eterno e ch’egli detesta; davan perfino alle fiamme i loro figliuoli e le loro figliuole, in onore dei loro dèi.

32 Avrete cura di mettere in pratica tutte le cose che vi comando; non vi aggiungerai nulla, e nulla ne toglierai.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 3727

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3727. As regards the meaning of 'a pillar', the reason why it means a holy boundary and so the ultimate degree of order is that in most ancient times people used to place stones where their boundaries ran which separated one person's property or inheritance from another's. These served as a sign and witness to the existence of the boundaries there. The most ancient people, who in every object and in every pillar thought of something celestial or spiritual, 1977, 2995, thought, when they saw these stones set up as pillars, of the ultimate things present in man, and so of the ultimate degree of order, which is truth in the natural man. And it was from those most ancient people who lived before the Flood that the ancients who lived after it acquired this custom, 920, 1409, 2179, 2896, 2897, and began to regard the stones they set up on their boundaries as sacred, for the reason, as stated, that they meant holy truth as it exists in the ultimate degree of order, and also called those stones 'pillars'. This was how it came about that pillars were introduced into their worship, and why they erected them where they had their sacred groves and subsequently their temples, and also anointed them with oil, a point to be dealt with shortly. Indeed the worship of the Ancient Church consisted of things that had been perceived and things that had carried a meaning among the most ancient people prior to the Flood, as is evident from the paragraphs that have just been referred to. Since the most ancient people talked to angels and were in their company while still on earth, they received it from heaven that 'stones' means truth and 'wood' good; see just above in 3720. This then is why 'pillars' means a holy boundary, and so truth as it exists in the ultimate degree of order with man. For good which flows in from the Lord by way of the internal man terminates in the external man, and in the truth that is there. Man's thought, speech, and activity, which are the ultimates of order, are nothing else than truths stemming from good. In fact they are the images or forms which good takes, for they belong to the understanding part of the human mind, whereas the good that is within them, and from which they spring, belongs to the will part.

[2] The fact that pillars were erected as a sign and a witness, and were also introduced into worship, and that in the internal sense they mean a holy boundary, or truth within man's natural, which is the ultimate degree of order, becomes clear from other places in the Word, as in the following verses where the subject is the covenant made between Laban and Jacob,

Now come, let us make a covenant, I and you, and let it be a witness between me and you. And Jacob took a stone and erected it as a pillar. Laban said to Jacob, Behold this heap, and behold the pillar which I have erected between me and you. This heap is a witness and the pillar is a witness, that I will not pass beyond this heap to you, and that you will not pass beyond this heap and this pillar to me, to do harm. Genesis 31:44-45, 51-52.

Here 'pillar' means truth, as will be seen in the explanation of those verses.

[3] In Isaiah,

On that day there will be five cities in the land of Egypt which speak with the lips of Canaan and swear to Jehovah Zebaoth. On that day there will be an altar to Jehovah in the midst of the land of Egypt, and a pillar at its border to Jehovah, which will be a sign and a witness to Jehovah Zebaoth in the land of Egypt. Isaiah 19:18-20.

'Egypt' stands for facts which belong to the natural man, 'an altar' for Divine worship in general, for in the second Ancient Church that began with Eber the altar became the first and foremost representative in its worship, 921, 1343, 2777, 2811. 'The midst of the land of Egypt' stands for the primary and inmost aspect of worship, 2940, 2973, 3436. 'Pillar' stands for truth as it exists in the ultimate degree of order in the natural. The fact that it stood at the border as a sign and a witness is quite evident.

[4] In Moses,

Moses wrote down all the words of Jehovah and rose up in the morning and built an altar beside Mount Sinai, and twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel. Exodus 24:4.

Here similarly 'an altar' was the representative of all worship, and indeed was the representative of good present in worship. 'The twelve pillars' however were the representative in worship of truth that stems from good - 'twelve' meaning every aspect of truth in its entirety, see 577, 2089, 2129 (end), 2130 (end), 3272; and the twelve tribes likewise meaning every aspect of truth in the Church, as in the Lord's Divine mercy will be shown in the next chapter.

[5] Because altars were representative of all good in worship, and the Jewish Church was established so as to represent the celestial Church which acknowledged no other truth than truth stemming from good, which is called celestial truth (for the celestial Church was totally unwilling to separate truth from good, so much so that it was unwilling even to refer to anything of faith or truth without thinking about good, and doing so from good, see 202, 337, 2069, 2715, 2718, 3246), truth was therefore represented by the stones of the altar. And they were forbidden to represent it by means of pillars lest in so doing they separated truth from good and by representation worshipped truth instead of good. This accounts for the following prohibition in Moses,

You shall not plant for yourself a grove of any kind of tree beside the altar of Jehovah your God which you shall make for yourself. And you shall not erect for yourself a pillar, which Jehovah your God hates. Deuteronomy 16:21-22.

For worshipping truth separated from good, or faith separated from charity, is contrary to the Divine since it is contrary to order, meant by 'you shall not erect for yourself a pillar, which Jehovah your God hates'.

[6] Despite this they did erect them and so represented things that are contrary to order, as is clear in Hosea,

Israel, according to the multiplying of his fruit, multiplies altars; according to the goodness of their land they make well their pillars. But He will overturn their altars, and lay waste their pillars. Hosea 10:1-2.

In the first Book of Kings,

Judah did what was evil in the eyes of Jehovah, and they built for themselves high places and pillars and groves on every high hill, and under every green tree. 1 Kings 14:22-23.

In the second Book of Kings,

The children of Israel set up pillars for themselves and groves on every high hill and under every green tree. 2 Kings 17:10.

In the same book,

Hezekiah removed the high places, and broke down the pillars, and cut down the grove, and smashed the bronze snake which Moses had made, because they had been burning incense to it. 2 Kings 18:4.

[7] Since gentile nations too derived through tradition the idea that the holiness of worship was to be represented by means of altars and pillars, and yet they were under the influence of evil and falsity, the altars among the nations therefore mean the evils of worship and the pillars the falsities. This was why the command was given for them to be destroyed. In Moses,

The altars of the nations you shall overthrow, and you shall break down their pillars and tear down their groves. Exodus 34:13; Deuteronomy 7:5; 12:3.

In the same author,

You shall not bow down to the gods of the nations, or worship them, or do according to their works, for you shall utterly destroy them, and utterly break down their pillars. Exodus 23:24.

'The gods of the nations' stands for falsities, 'their works' for evils, 'breaking down their pillars' for destroying worship arising out of falsity.

[8] In Jeremiah,

Nebuchadnezzar king of Babel will break down the pillars of the house of the sun that is in the land of Egypt, and the houses of the gods of Egypt he will burn with fire. Jeremiah 43:13.

In Ezekiel,

By means of the hoofs of his horses Nebuchadnezzar king of Babel will trample all your streets, slay the people with the sword, and cause your mighty pillars to come down to the ground. Ezekiel 26:11.

This refers to Tyre. 'Nebuchadnezzar king of Babel' stands for that which lays waste, 1327 (end). 'The hoofs of horses' stands for the lowest form of intellectual concepts, such as facts based on mere sensory impressions - 'hoofs' meaning lowest concepts, as will in the Lord's Divine mercy be confirmed elsewhere. 'Horses' stands for matters of the understanding, 2760-2762, 'streets' for truths, and in the contrary sense for falsities, 2336. 'trampling' on them is destroying cognitions of truth, which are meant by 'Tyre' - 'Tyre', the subject here, meaning cognitions of truth, 1201. 'Slaying the people with the sword' stands for destroying truths by means of falsity - 'people' being used in reference to truths, 1259, 1260, 3295, 3581, and 'sword' meaning falsity engaged in conflict, 2799. From this one may see what 'causing your mighty pillars to come down to the ground' means - 'might' being used in reference either to truth or to falsity, as is also clear from the Word.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.