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3 Mózes 23

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1 Szóla ismét az Úr Mózesnek, mondván:

2 Szólj Izráel fiainak, és mondd meg nékik az Úrnak ünnepeit, a melyeken szent gyülekezésekre kell összegyülekeznetek. Ezek azok az én ünnepeim:

3 Hat napon át munkálkodjatok, a hetedik napon nyugodalomnak, szent gyülekezésnek szombatja van, semmi dolgot ne végezzetek: az Úrnak szombatja legyen az minden lakhelyeteken.

4 Ezek az Úrnak ünnepei, szent gyülekezések [napjai], a melyekre szabott idejökben kell összegyülekeznetek.

5 Az elsõ hónapban, a hónapnak tizennegyedikén, estennen az Úrnak páskhája.

6 E hónapnak tizenötödik napján pedig az Úr kovásztalan kenyerének ünnepe. Hét napig egyetek kovásztalan kenyeret.

7 Az elsõ napon szent gyülekezéstek legyen, semmi robota munkát ne végezzetek.

8 Hét napon át pedig tûzáldozatot áldozzatok az Úrnak, és a hetedik napon szent gyülekezéstek [is legyen]: semmi robota munkát ne végezzetek.

9 Szóla ismét az Úr Mózesnek, mondván:

10 Szólj Izráel fiainak és mondd meg nékik: Mikor bementek a földre, a melyet én adok néktek, és megaratjátok annak vetését: a ti aratástok zsengéjének [elsõ] kévéjét vigyétek a papnak.

11 Az pedig lóbálja meg a kévét az Úr elõtt, hogy kedvesen fogadtassék érettetek; a szombat után való napon lóbálja azt meg a pap.

12 A mely napon pedig meglóbáltatjátok a kévét, áldozzatok az Úrnak egy ép, esztendõs bárányt egészen égõáldozatul.

13 Ahhoz pedig ételáldozatul két tized [efa] lánglisztet, olajjal elegyítve; tûzáldozatul az Úrnak, kedves illatul; italáldozatul pedig egy hin bornak negyedrészét.

14 [Új] kenyeret pedig és pergelt búzaszemeket és zsenge kalászokat ne egyetek mind a napig, a míg be nem viszitek a ti Isteneteknek áldozatját. Örök rendtartás ez nemzetségrõl nemzetségre minden lakóhelyeteken.

15 Számláljatok azután a szombatra következõ naptól, attól a naptól, a melyen beviszitek a meglóbálni való kévét, hét hetet, egészek legyenek azok.

16 A hetedik hétre következõ napig számláljatok ötven napot, és akkor járuljatok új ételáldozattal az Úrhoz.

17 A ti lakóhelyeitekbõl hozzatok fel két meglóbálni való kenyeret; két tized [efa] lisztlángból legyenek azok, kovászszal sütve, zsengékül az Úrnak.

18 A kenyérrel együtt pedig áldozzatok meg hét bárányt, épeket, esztendõsöket, és egy tulkot, fiatal bikát, és két kost; egészen égõáldozatul legyenek ezek az Úrnak, étel- és italáldozatjokkal egybe; kedves illatú tûzáldozat ez az Úrnak.

19 Készítsetek el egy kecskebakot is bûnért való áldozatul, és két bárányt, esztendõsöket, hálaadó áldozatul.

20 És lóbálja meg azokat a pap a zsengékbõl való kenyérrel az Úr elõtt való lóbálással a két báránynyal egybe. Szentek legyenek ezek az Úrnak a pap számára.

21 És gyülekezzetek egybe ugyanazon a napon; szent gyülekezéstek legyen néktek, semmi robota munkát ne végezzetek. Örök rendtartás ez minden lakóhelyeteken a ti nemzetségeitek szerint.

22 Mikor pedig földetek termését learatjátok: ne arasd le egészen a mezõdnek széleit, és az elhullott gabonafejeket fel ne szedd; a szegénynek és jövevénynek hagyd azokat. Én vagyok az Úr, a ti Istenetek.

23 Szóla ismét az Úr Mózesnek, mondván:

24 Szólj Izráel fiaihoz, mondván: A hetedik hónapban, a hónap elsõ napján ünnepetek legyen néktek, emlékeztetõ kürtzengéssel, szent gyülekezéssel.

25 Semmi robota munkát ne végezzetek, és tûzáldozattal áldozzatok az Úrnak.

26 Szóla ismét az Úr Mózesnek, mondván:

27 Ugyanennek a hetedik hónapnak tizedikén az engesztelés napja van: szent gyülekezéstek legyen néktek, és sanyargassátok meg magatokat, és tûzáldozattal áldozzatok az Úrnak.

28 Semmi dolgot ne végezzetek azon a napon, mert engesztelésnek napja az, hogy engesztelés legyen érettetek az Úr elõtt, a ti Istenetek elõtt.

29 Mert ha valaki nem sanyargatja meg magát ezen a napon, irtassék ki az õ népe közül.

30 És ha valaki valami dolgot végez ezen a napon, elvesztem az ilyent az õ népe közül.

31 Semmi dolgot ne végezzetek; örök rendtartás legyen ez nemzetségrõl nemzetségre minden lakhelyeteken.

32 Ünnepek ünnepe ez néktek, sanyargassátok meg azért magatokat. A hónap kilenczedikének estvéjén, egyik estvétõl a másik estvéig ünnepeljétek a ti ünnepeteket.

33 Szóla ismét az Úr Mózesnek, mondván:

34 Szólj Izráel fiainak, mondván: Ugyanennek a hetedik hónapnak tizenötödikén a sátorok ünnepe legyen az Úrnak hét napig.

35 Az elsõ napon szent gyülekezés legyen, semmi robota munkát ne végezzetek.

36 Hét napon áldozzatok az Úrnak tûzáldozatot, a nyolczadik napon pedig szent gyülekezéstek legyen és [újra] tûzáldozattal áldozzatok az Úrnak; berekesztõ ünnep ez, semmi robota munkát ne végezzetek azon.

37 Ezek az Úrnak ünnepei, a melyeken szent gyülekezésekre kell gyülekeznetek, hogy áldozzatok az Úrnak tûzáldozattal, egészen égõáldozattal, ételáldozattal, véres- és italáldozattal: minden napét a maga napján.

38 Az Úrnak szombatjain kivül, adományaitokon kivül, fogadásból és szabad akaratból való minden ajándékaitokon kivül a melyeket adni szoktatok az Úrnak,

39 Ugyancsak a hetedik hónapnak tizenötödik napján, a mikor a földnek termését betakarjátok, az Úrnak ünnepét ünnepeljétek hét napig: az elsõ napon nyugodalom napja, és a nyolczadik napon is nyugodalom napja [legyen.]

40 És vegyetek magatoknak az elsõ napon szép fának gyümölcsét, pálmafa ágait, sûrû levelû fa lombját, és patak mellett való fûzgalyakat, és örvendezzetek az Úr elõtt, a ti Istenetek elõtt hét napig.

41 Így ünnepeljétek meg azt az Úrnak ünnepét minden esztendõben hét napig. Örökkévaló rendtartás legyen ez a ti nemzetségeiteknél; a hetedik hónapban ünnepeljétek azt.

42 Sátorokban lakjatok hét napig, minden benszülött sátorokban lakjék Izráelben.

43 Hogy megtudják a ti nemzetségeitek, hogy sátorokban lakattam Izráel fiait, a mikor kihoztam õket Égyiptom földérõl. Én vagyok az Úr, a ti Istenetek.

44 És szóla Mózes Izráel fiainak az Úrnak ünnepei felõl.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 10137

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10137. 'And a drink offering of a quarter of a hin of wine' means spiritual truth, the amount needed for a joining together. This is clear from the meaning of 'wine' as truth, dealt with in 1071, 1798, 6377, at this point spiritual truth answering to the spiritual good derived from celestial good, meant by 'fine flour mixed with oil', dealt with immediately above in 10136 (where good is the subject in the Word, so too is truth, and indeed the truth belonging to the same class as the good. This is so because every single thing in heaven and also in the world has connection with good or with truth, and with both if it is to have any real existence, since good without truth is not good and truth without good is not truth, see the places referred to in 9263, 9314. This explains why when a minchah, which consisted of bread, was offered, so was a drink offering, which consisted of wine, in much the same way as in the Holy Supper. So it is that 'a drink offering of wine' is used here to mean the truth that answers to the good meant by a minchah, dealt with immediately above); and from the meaning of 'a quarter of a hin' as the amount needed for a joining together, dealt with immediately above in 10136.

[2] Everyone may see that not merely bread and wine should be understood by a minchah, which consisted of bread, and a drink offering, which consisted of wine, but something that belongs to the Church and to heaven, thus spiritual and celestial things, which are heaven's and the Church's. If this had not been so what would have been the point of putting the bread and wine on the fire on the altar? How could this have been pleasing to Jehovah, or how could it have been, as it says, an odour of rest to Him? How could it have expiated a person? Anyone who thinks reverently about the Word cannot imagine how an action so earthly could be pleasing to Jehovah unless something Divine on a deeper, more internal level was contained in it. The person who believes that the Word is Divine and spiritual throughout ought to believe completely that every detail there has some heavenly arcanum concealed within it. But the reason why no one up to now has known just where such an arcanum lies is that no one has known that an internal sense, which is spiritual and Divine, exists within every detail there. Nor has anyone known that angels are present with each person, perceiving his thoughts and understanding the Word in a spiritual manner when he reads it; that then through them a holy influence from the Lord reaches him; and that therefore through those angels heaven is linked to the person, to whom the Lord is linked by means of the heavens. It is for this reason that the kind of Word just described has been given to mankind, that Word being the sole means by which the Lord can provide for his salvation.

[3] The fact that 'minchah', consisting of bread, means the good of love and that 'drink offering', consisting of wine, means the good of faith, and that this is what the angels see in them, becomes clear from all those places in the Word which make reference to a minchah or a drink offering, such as these verses in Joel,

The minchah has been cut off, and the drink offering, from the house of Jehovah; the priests have been mourning, the ministers of Jehovah. The field has been devastated, the land has been mourning because the grain has been devastated, the new wine has dried up, the oil languishes. The vine has dried up and the fig tree languishes. Wail, O ministers of the altar, because the minchah and the drink offering have been withheld from the house of your God. For the day of Jehovah is near, and comes as destruction from Shaddai. Joel 1:9-15.

This refers to the final period of the Church, when the good of love and truth of faith are not present there any longer, meant by 'the day of Jehovah is near, and comes as destruction from Shaddai'.

[4] From this it is evident that by the minchah and drink offering which have been cut off from the house of Jehovah, the field which has been devastated, the land which mourns, the grain which too has been devastated, the new wine which has dried up, the oil which languishes, and the vine and fig which do so, such things as belong to the Church and to heaven are meant. It is the internal sense however that shows what it is they mean. From that sense it is evident that 'the field' means the Church as regards its reception of truth, see 3766, 4982, 7502, 7571, 9295; 'the land' the Church as regards [its reception of] good, see the places referred to in 9325; 'the grain' all the good that the Church has, 5295, 5410, 5959; 'the new wine' all the truth that the Church has, 3580; 'the oil' the good of love, 4582, 4638, 9780; 'the vine' the spiritual Church's interior good, 5113, 6376, 9277; and 'the fig' its exterior good, 217, 4231, 5113. From all this it is evident that 'the minchah' and 'the drink offering' mean worship springing from the good of love and from the good of faith.

[5] In Malachi,

I will not accept a minchah from your hands. For from the rising of the sun even to its setting, great is the name of Jehovah among the nations; and in every place [there will be] incense, offered to My name, and a pure minchah. Malachi 1:10-11.

It is evident that a minchah should not be understood here either by 'a minchah', nor incense by 'incense', since the subject is the Church among the gentile nations, among whom there was no minchah. For it says, 'From the rising of the sun to its setting, great is the name of Jehovah among the nations; and in every place [there will be] a pure minchah and incense', 'incense' meaning adoration springing from the good of faith, see 9475.

[6] Something similar occurs in David,

My prayers are acceptable, [as] incense before You, the lifting up of my hands, [as] the evening minchah. Psalms 141:2.

'The evening minchah' means the good of love in the external man.

[7] In Isaiah,

You inflamed yourselves among the gods under every green tree. You have also poured out a drink offering to them; you have presented a gift 1 . You offer the king a gift in oil, and multiply your perfumes; and you debase yourself even to hell. Isaiah 57:5-6, 9.

This refers to worship based on evils and falsities which come from hell. 'The gods' in the internal sense are falsities, for although those who worshipped other gods called them by name, nevertheless falsities arising from evils were what they worshipped. Regarding the gods of the foreigner in the Word, that falsities are meant by them, see 4402(end), 8941. '[Every] green tree' means every perception, recognition, and corroboration of falsity, 2722, 2972, 4552, 7692, 'green' implying a sensory apprehension, 7691. 'Inflaming oneself' means worship that is passionate, for 'the fire' that causes such fervour is love in both senses, 5215, 6832, 7575. 'Pouring out a drink offering' is worship springing from the falsities of evil; 'offering the king a gift in oil' is the worship of Satan springing from evils, 'a gift in oil' being a minchah, and 'multiplying perfumes' is multiplying offerings of incense, by which acts of adoration are meant, 9475. Therefore it also says that he debases himself even to hell.

[8]From these considerations it becomes clear that 'a minchah', which consisted of bread, and 'a drink offering', which consisted of wine, mean things such as belong to the Church and to heaven, namely heavenly food and drink, in the same way as the bread and wine in the Holy Supper do - for the reason given above, that heaven may join itself to a person through the Word, consequently that the Lord may do so through heaven by means of the Word. Since the Divine presence in the Word consists in such things it nourishes the minds not only of people in the world but also of angels and causes heaven and the world to be one.

[9] From this it also becomes clear that all the things without exception which have been stated and commanded in the Word regarding the minchah and drink offering, or bread and wine, contain Divine arcana within them. This is so for example with the requirement that a minchah should consist of fine flour which had oil and also frankincense on it, that it should be altogether salted, and that it should be unleavened or without yeast. Then there is the requirement that there was to be one set of proportions for the mixture when a lamb was sacrificed, another when it was a ram, another when it was a young bull, and yet another in guilt- and sin-sacrifices, while the proportions in other sacrifices were different again. The proportion of wine in the drink offering varied in a similar way. Unless these specific requirements had embodied the arcana of heaven no such things would ever have been commanded in connection with the various forms of worship.

[10] To enable these different requirements to be seen alongside one another, let them be set out here in their own order, as contained in the eucharistic sacrifices and burnt offerings, in Numbers 15:4-12; 28:9-12, 20-21, 28-29; 29:3-4, 9-10, 14-15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 37,

For each lamb there was a minchah consisting of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with a quarter of a hin of oil; and the wine for the drink offering was a quarter of a hin.

For each ram there was a minchah consisting of two tenths [of an ephah] of fine flour, and a third of a hin of oil; and a third of a hin of wine for the drink offering.

For each young bull there was a minchah consisting of three tenths [of an ephah] of fine flour mixed with oil, a half of a hin; and half of a hin of wine for the drink offering.

The reason why the proportions of fine flour, oil, and wine for a lamb should be different from those for a ram or for a young bull was that a lamb meant the inmost good of innocence, a ram the middle good of innocence, and a young bull the lowest or external good of innocence. For there are three heavens - the inmost, the middle, and the lowest - and therefore also there are three degrees of the good of innocence. The increase of it from first to last is meant by the increase in the proportions of fine flour, oil, and wine. It should be remembered that the good of innocence is the very soul of heaven, because that good alone is the recipient of the love, charity, and faith which constitute the heavens.

'A lamb' means the inmost good of innocence, see 3994, 10132.

'A ram' means the middle or interior good of innocence, 10042.

'A young bull' means the lowest or external good of innocence, 9391, 9990.

[11] In sacrifices for thanksgiving (confessio) however there was a minchah consisting of unleavened cakes mixed with oil, unleavened wafers anointed with oil, cakes made of fried flour and mixed with oil, and in addition leavened bread cakes, Leviticus 7:11-12; and in guilt- and sin-sacrifices there was a minchah consisting of a tenth of an ephah of fine flour, but without oil or frankincense on top of it, Leviticus 5:11. The reason why no oil or frankincense should be put on top of the minchah composing a sin- or guilt-sacrifice was that 'oil' is a sign of the good of love and 'frankincense' a sign of the truth which goes with that good, and a sin- or a guilt-sacrifice is a sign of purification and expiation from evils and the falsities arising from them, which therefore were not to be mingled with good or the truth springing from it.

[12] In addition to these there were the minchah of Aaron and his sons on the day they were going to be anointed, see Leviticus 6:20-22; the minchah of the firstfruits of the harvest, Leviticus 2:14-15; 23:10, 12-13, 17; the minchah of the Nazirite, Numbers 6:13-21]; the minchah of jealousy, Numbers 5:11-31]; the minchah of one cleansed from leprosy, Leviticus 14:1-32]; and also the minchah baked in an oven, the minchah prepared in a pan, and the minchah cooked in a pot, Leviticus 2:4-7. There was was to be no yeast in a minchah, nor any honey; and the minchah had to be fully salted, Leviticus 2:11, 13. The reason why there should be no yeast in a minchah, nor any honey, was that in the spiritual sense 'yeast' means falsity arising from evil, and 'honey' external delight very much mixed with the delight belonging to love of the world, which also causes fermentation in heavenly forms of good and truths and subsequent disintegration of them. And the reason why they should be fully salted was that 'salt' was a sign of truth desiring good and so joining the two together.

'Yeast' means falsity arising from evil, see 2342, 7906, 8051, 9992.

'Honey' means external delight, thus such delight belonging to love in both senses, 5620.

'Salt' means truth desiring good, 9207.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, you have caused a gift to go up/ascend

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.