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VaYikra 3

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1 ואם זבח שלמים קרבנו אם מן הבקר הוא מקריב אם זכר אם נקבה תמים יקריבנו לפני יהוה׃

2 וסמך ידו על ראש קרבנו ושחטו פתח אהל מועד וזרקו בני אהרן הכהנים את הדם על המזבח סביב׃

3 והקריב מזבח השלמים אשה ליהוה את החלב המכסה את הקרב ואת כל החלב אשר על הקרב׃

4 ואת שתי הכלית ואת החלב אשר עלהן אשר על הכסלים ואת היתרת על הכבד על הכליות יסירנה׃

5 והקטירו אתו בני אהרן המזבחה על העלה אשר על העצים אשר על האש אשה ריח ניחח ליהוה׃

6 ואם מן הצאן קרבנו לזבח שלמים ליהוה זכר או נקבה תמים יקריבנו׃

7 אם כשב הוא מקריב את קרבנו והקריב אתו לפני יהוה׃

8 וסמך את ידו על ראש קרבנו ושחט אתו לפני אהל מועד וזרקו בני אהרן את דמו על המזבח סביב׃

9 והקריב מזבח השלמים אשה ליהוה חלבו האליה תמימה לעמת העצה יסירנה ואת החלב המכסה את הקרב ואת כל החלב אשר על הקרב׃

10 ואת שתי הכלית ואת החלב אשר עלהן אשר על הכסלים ואת היתרת על הכבד על הכלית יסירנה׃

11 והקטירו הכהן המזבחה לחם אשה ליהוה׃

12 ואם עז קרבנו והקריבו לפני יהוה׃

13 וסמך את ידו על ראשו ושחט אתו לפני אהל מועד וזרקו בני אהרן את דמו על המזבח סביב׃

14 והקריב ממנו קרבנו אשה ליהוה את החלב המכסה את הקרב ואת כל החלב אשר על הקרב׃

15 ואת שתי הכלית ואת החלב אשר עלהן אשר על הכסלים ואת היתרת על הכבד על הכלית יסירנה׃

16 והקטירם הכהן המזבחה לחם אשה לריח ניחח כל חלב ליהוה׃

17 חקת עולם לדרתיכם בכל מושבתיכם כל חלב וכל דם לא תאכלו׃

   

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The New Jerusalem and its Heavenly Doctrine # 221

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221. Of Sacrifices.

"Burnt-offerings" and "sacrifices" signified all things of worship from the good of love, and from the truths of faith (n. 923, 6905, 8680, 8936, 10042). "Burnt-offerings" and "sacrifices" also signified Divine celestial things, which are the internal things of the church, from which worship is derived (n. 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3519). With a variation and difference according to the varieties of worship (n. 2805, 6905, 8936). Therefore there were many kinds of sacrifices, and various processes to be observed in them, and various beasts from which they were (n. 2830, 9391, 9990). The various things which they signified in general, may appear from unfolding the particulars by the internal sense (n. 10042). What "the beasts" which were sacrificed signified in particular (n. 10042). Arcana of heaven are contained in the rituals and processes of the sacrifices (n. 10057). In general they contained the arcana of the glorification of the Lord's Human; and in a respective sense, the arcana of the regeneration and purification of man from evils and falsities; wherefore they were prescribed for various sins, crimes, and purifications (n. 9990, 10022, 10042, 10053, 10057). What is signified by "the imposition of hands" on the beasts which were sacrificed (n. 10023). What by "the inferior parts of the slain beasts being put under their superior parts" in the burnt-offerings (n. 10051). What by "the meal-offerings" that were offered at the same time (n. 10079). What by "the drink-offering" (n. 4581, 10137). What by "the salt" which was used (n. 10300). What by "the altar" and all the particulars of it (n. 921, 2777, 2784, 2811-2812, 4489, 4541, 8935, 8940, 9388-9389, 9714, 9726, 9963-9964, 10028, 10123, 10151, 10242, 10245, 10344). What by "the fire of the altar" (n. 934, 6314, 6832). What by "eating together of the things sacrificed" (n. 2187, 8682). Sacrifices were not commanded, but charity and faith, thus that they were only permitted, shown from the Word (n. 922, 2180). Why they were permitted (n. 2180, 2818).

The burnt-offerings and sacrifices, which consisted of lambs, she-goats, sheep, kids, he-goats, and bullocks, were in one word called "Bread," is evident from the following passages:

And the priest shall burn it upon the altar; it is the bread of the offering made by fire unto Jehovah (Lev. 3: 11, 16).

The sons of Aaron shall be holy unto their God, neither shall they profane the name of their God; for the offerings of Jehovah made by fire, the bread of their God, they do offer. Thou shalt sanctify him, for he offered the bread of thy God. A man of the seed of Aaron, in whom there shall be a blemish, let him not approach to offer the bread of his God (Lev. 21: 68, 17, 21).

Command the sons of Israel, and say unto them, My offering, My bread, for My sacrifices made by fire for an odor of rest, ye shall observe, to offer unto Me in its stated time (Num. 28:2).

He who shall have touched an unclean thing shall not eat of the holy things, but he shall wash his flesh in water; and shall afterwards eat of the holy things, because it is his bread (Lev. 22:6, 7).

They who offer polluted bread upon My altar (Malachi 1:7).

Hence now, as has been said above (n. 214), the Holy Supper includes and comprehends all of the Divine worship instituted in the Israelitish Church; for the burnt-offerings and sacrifices in which the worship of that church principally consisted were called by the one word "bread." Hence, also, the Holy Supper is its fulfilling.

From what has been observed, it may now be seen what is meant by bread in John:

Jesus said to them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Moses gave them not that bread from heaven, but My Father giveth you the true bread from heaven, for the bread of God is He who came down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world. They said unto Him, Lord, evermore give us this bread. Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life; he that cometh to Me shall never hunger, and he that believeth on Me shall never thirst. He that believeth on Me hath eternal life. I am the bread of life. This is the bread which cometh down from heaven; that anyone may eat thereof, and not die. I am the living bread which came down from heaven; if anyone shall eat of this bread, he shall live forever (John 6: 31-35, 47-51).

From these passages, and from what has been said above, it appears that "bread" is all the good which proceeds from the Lord, for the Lord Himself is in His own good; and thus that "bread and wine" in the Holy Supper are all the worship of the Lord from the good of love and faith.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for their permission to use this translation.

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Arcana Coelestia # 8680

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8680. 'And Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God' means worship springing from the good of love and the truths of faith. This is clear from the meaning of 'a burnt offering and sacrifices' as representatives of celestial and spiritual realities that belong to internal worship, 'burnt offerings' being representative of celestial realities, that is, aspects of the good of love, and 'sacrifices' being representative of spiritual ones, that is, aspects of the truth of faith, dealt with in 922, 923, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3218, 3519, 6905. The representation of 'burnt offerings' as aspects of the good of love, and of 'sacrifices' as aspects of the truth of faith, is clear from their institution - from the requirement that in burnt offerings everything was to be burnt, both the flesh and the blood, but that in sacrifices the flesh was to be eaten, as may be seen in chapters 1-5 of Leviticus; Numbers 28; and in Deuteronomy, where the following words occur,

You are to present, your burnt offerings, the flesh and the blood, on the altar of Jehovah your God; the blood of the sacrifices shall be poured out on the altar of Jehovah your God, and the flesh you shall eat. Deuteronomy 12:27.

The reason why those two realities were represented by the burnt offerings and sacrifices is that burnt offerings and sacrifices represented all worship of God in general, 923, 6905; and worship of God in general is founded on love and faith. Without these it is not worship, only ritual such as is performed by the external man who has no internal and so no life within him.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.