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Λευιτικόν 4

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1 Και ελαλησε Κυριος προς τον Μωυσην, λεγων,

2 Λαλησον προς τους υιους Ισραηλ, λεγων, Εαν ψυχη τις αμαρτηση εξ αγνοιας και εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο του Κυριου να μη πραττωνται πραξη τι εξ αυτων·

3 εαν μεν ο ιερευς ο κεχρισμενος αμαρτηση ωστε να ενοχοποιηση τον λαον, τοτε θελει φερει, δια την αμαρτιαν αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε, μοσχον βοος αμωμον προς τον Κυριον δια προσφοραν περι αμαρτιας.

4 Και θελει φερει τον μοσχον εις την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου ενωπιον του Κυριου· και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην του μοσχου, και θελουσι σφαξει τον μοσχον ενωπιον του Κυριου.

5 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς ο κεχρισμενος απο του αιματος του μοσχου και φερει αυτο εις την σκηνην του μαρτυριου·

6 και θελει εμβαψει ο ιερευς τον δακτυλον αυτου εις το αιμα και θελει ραντισει απο του αιματος επτακις ενωπιον του Κυριου, εμπροσθεν του καταπετασματος του αγιαστηριου.

7 Και θελει βαλει ο ιερευς απο του αιματος επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ευωδους θυμιαματος, το οποιον ειναι ενωπιον του Κυριου εν τη σκηνη του μαρτυριου· και θελει χυσει παν το αιμα του μοσχου εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος, το οποιον ειναι εις την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου.

8 Και απαν το στεαρ του μοσχου της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας θελει αφαιρεσει απ' αυτου· το στεαρ το περικαλυπτον τα εντοσθια, και απαν το στεαρ το επι των εντοσθιων·

9 και τους δυο νεφρους και το στεαρ το επ' αυτων το προς τα πλευρα, και τον επανω λοβον του ηπατος, τον οποιον μετα των νεφρων θελει αφαιρεσει,

10 καθ' ον τροπον αφαιρειται απο του μοσχου της θυσιας της ειρηνικης· και θελει καυσει αυτα ο ιερευς επι του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος·

11 και το δερμα του μοσχου και παν το κρεας αυτου μετα της κεφαλης αυτου και μετα των ποδων αυτου και τα εντοσθια αυτου και την κοπρον αυτου·

12 και θελει φερει ολον τον μοσχον εξω του στρατοπεδου εις τοπον καθαρον, οπου χυνεται η στακτη, και θελει καυσει αυτον επι ξυλων δια πυρος· οπου χυνεται η στακτη, θελει καυθη.

13 Εαν δε πασα η συναγωγη του Ισραηλ αμαρτηση εξ αγνοιας και το πραγμα κρυφθη απο των οφθαλμων της συναγωγης και εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο του Κυριου να μη πραττωνται, πραξωσι και ηναι ενοχοι·

14 οταν γνωρισθη η αμαρτια την οποιαν ημαρτησαν κατα τουτο, τοτε θελει προσφερει η συναγωγη μοσχον εκ βοων δια την αμαρτιαν και θελει φερει αυτον εμπροσθεν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου.

15 Και οι πρεσβυτεροι της συναγωγης θελουσιν επιθεσει τας χειρας αυτων επι την κεφαλην του μοσχου ενωπιον του Κυριου· και θελουσι σφαξει τον μοσχον ενωπιον του Κυριου.

16 Και ο ιερευς ο κεχρισμενος θελει φερει απο του αιματος του μοσχον εις την σκηνην του μαρτυριου·

17 και θελει εμβαψει ο ιερευς τον δακτυλον αυτου εις το αιμα και θελει ραντισει επτακις ενωπιον του Κυριου εμπροσθεν του καταπετασματος·

18 και θελει βαλει απο του αιματος επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου, του ενωπιον του Κυριου, το οποιον ειναι εν τη σκηνη του μαρτυριου· και θελει χυσει παν το αιμα εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος, το οποιον ειναι εις την θυραν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου.

19 Και παν το στεαρ αυτου θελει αφαιρεσει απ' αυτου και καυσει επι του θυσιαστηριου.

20 Και θελει καμει εις τον μοσχον καθ' ον τροπον εκαμεν εις τον μοσχον της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας· ουτω θελει καμει εις αυτον· και θελει καμει εξιλεωσιν υπερ αυτων ο ιερευς και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτους.

21 Και θελει εκβαλει τον μοσχον εξω του στρατοπεδου και καυσει αυτον, καθως εκαυσε τον πρωτον μοσχον· ειναι προσφορα περι αμαρτιας υπερ της συναγωγης·

22 Οταν δε αρχων τις αμαρτηση και πραξη εξ αγνοιας τι εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο Κυριου του Θεου αυτου να μη πραττωνται, και ηναι ενοχος·

23 η εαν η αμαρτια αυτου, την οποιαν ημαρτησε, γνωστοποιηθη εις αυτον, τοτε θελει φερει την προσφοραν αυτου, τραγον εξ αιγων, αρσενικον αμωμον.

24 και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην του τραγου, και θελουσι σφαξει αυτο εν τω τοπω οπου σφαζουσι το ολοκαυτωμα ενωπιον του Κυριου· ειναι προσφορα περι αμαρτιας.

25 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς απο του αιματος της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας δια του δακτυλου αυτου, και βαλει επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος και θελει χυσει το αιμα αυτου εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος.

26 Και απαν το στεαρ αυτου θελει καυσει επι του θυσιαστηριου, ως το στεαρ της θυσιας της ειρηνικης προσφορας· και θελει καμει εξιλεωσιν υπερ αυτου ο ιερευς περι της αμαρτιας αυτου, και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτον.

27 Εαν δε ψυχη τις εκ του λαου της γης αμαρτηση εξ αγνοιας, πραττων τι εκ των οσα ειναι προστεταγμενον υπο του Κυριου να μη πραττωνται, και ηναι ενοχος.

28 η εαν γνωστοποιηθη εις αυτον η αμαρτια αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε· τοτε θελει φερει την προσφοραν αυτου, τραγον εξ αιγων, θηλυκον αμωμον, δια την αμαρτιαν αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε·

29 και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας, και θελουσι σφαξει την περι αμαρτιας προσφοραν εν τω τοπω του ολοκαυτωματος.

30 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς δια του δακτυλου αυτου απο του αιματος αυτου, και βαλει επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος και παν το αιμα αυτου θελει χυσει εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου·

31 και παν το στεαρ αυτου θελει αφαιρεσει, καθως αφαιρειται το στεαρ απο της θυσιας της ειρηνικης προσφορας· και θελει καυσει αυτο ο ιερευς επι του θυσιαστηριου εις οσμην ευωδιας προς τον Κυριον· και θελει καμει εξιλεωσιν υπερ αυτου ο ιερευς, και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτον.

32 Εαν δε φερη προβατον δια προσφοραν αυτου περι αμαρτιας, θελει φερει αυτο θηλυκον αμωμον·

33 και θελει επιθεσει την χειρα αυτου επι την κεφαλην της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας, και θελουσι σφαξει αυτο δια προσφοραν περι αμαρτιας, εν τω τοπω οπου σφαζουσι το ολοκαυτωμα.

34 Και θελει λαβει ο ιερευς απο του αιματος της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας δια του δακτυλου αυτου και βαλει επι τα κερατα του θυσιαστηριου του ολοκαυτωματος και απαν το αιμα αυτου θελει χυσει εις την βασιν του θυσιαστηριου·

35 και θελει αφαιρεσει παν το στεαρ αυτου, καθως αφαιρειται το στεαρ του προβατου απο της θυσιας της ειρηνικης προσφορας· και θελει καυσει αυτα ο ιερευς επι του θυσιαστηριου κατα τας προσφορας τας γινομενας δια πυρος εις τον Κυριον· και θελει καμει ο ιερευς εξιλεωσιν περι της αμαρτιας αυτου την οποιαν ημαρτησε, και θελει συγχωρηθη εις αυτον.

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 10044

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10044. 'On the ram's head' means, to the whole of it. This is clear from the meaning of 'the head' as the whole person, thus the whole [of the good of innocence in the internal man], dealt with in 10011. The reason why 'the head' means the whole is that it is highest and holds the inmost part of a person within it; and what is highest is the fountainhead of everything below it, just as what is inmost is the hub of everything outside it. For what lies outside or below is dependent on that which is inmost or highest. What is inmost in the human being is his will and understanding; these have their beginnings in the head. What flows from these inner powers is activity, that is, effects which they generate in the body. When therefore will and understanding are mentioned the whole person should be understood, for it is by virtue of these that a person is a person. The actions performed by the body also owe their entire nature to the will; and this is why a person is not regarded from the point of view of bodily actions or deeds but from that of the will within them. This being so, soul is used in the Word to mean the whole person, and a person is called a soul, as in Leviticus 4:27; 5:1, 4, 17; 6:2; 17:10, 15, and elsewhere.

[2] There are two things that mean the whole, namely the highest and the lowest. The reason why the lowest or last also has this meaning is that all interior things, beginning with the first or highest, terminate in those that are lowest and exist together there, see 9828, 9836. So it is that the highest by means of the lowest holds all the interior or intermediate things in connection and form, in order that they may all have the same end in view, 9828. The fact that the lowest also means the whole is clear from very many places in the Word, such as those which speak of the whole person as 'flesh', for example, Genesis 6:12; Numbers 16:22; 27:16; Isaiah 40:5; Zechariah 2:13, and elsewhere.

[3] Since the last things also mean all or the whole, the hair on the head, hair on the body, and the beard, which are last or outermost things growing out of a person's body, are used to mean those things, as also are the feet, or rather the toes on them, and the fingers on the hands. The fact that the hair on the head, hair on the body, and the beard have this meaning is clear in Isaiah,

On that day the Lord will shave with a razor - by means of the king of Asshur - the head, the hair of the feet, and also the beard. Isaiah 7:20.

'The king of Asshur' means reasoning, the kind that is used by people to destroy Divine things, 1186. 'Shaving the head, the hair of the feet, and the beard' means taking lowest things away, for when these have been taken away those within fall apart and perish. This also was why a priest was forbidden to shave his head, Leviticus 21:10, as was a Nazirite, whose hair according to Numbers 6:7 was called the Naziriteship of God, 6437, 9407, and is what 'the crown of the head of the Nazirite among [his] brothers', Genesis 49:25-26; Deuteronomy 33:16, should be taken to mean. Therefore also it says in Matthew 10:30 that the hairs of one's head are all numbered, meaning that every single thing in a person is so 'numbered', and in Luke 21:18 that not a hair on one's head will perish.

[4] The fact that the feet, the toes on them, and the fingers on the hands mean all things and so the whole is clear in John,

Peter said, Lord, You shall not wash my feet only, but also my hands and head. Jesus said to him, He who has been washed has no need except to wash his feet, and the whole person is clean. John 13:9-10.

'Feet' are the natural, which is last, 2162, 3147, 4938-4952, 9406. And in the following words of the present chapter,

You shall put some of the ram's blood on the tip of Aaron's ear, and on the thumb of the right hand, and on the big toe of the right foot. Verse 20.

That is, it was to be put on every single thing, meant by 'ear', 'hand', and 'foot'.

[5] Since highest and lowest, or what amounts to the same thing, first and last, equally mean every single thing, or the whole with all its parts, the Lord's Omnipotence and Omniscience is described by the words stating that He is the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End, the Alpha and the Omega, Revelation 1:8; 21:6; 22:13; Isaiah 41:4.

[6] The situation in which all things are held in connection and stand together, from that which is first or highest through to those that are last or lowest, is described in the following words in Isaiah,

I am the First and I am the Last, indeed My hand laid the foundation of the earth, and My right hand measured out heaven. I am summoning them; they stand together. Isaiah 48:12-13.

Jehovah's or the Lord's 'hand' and 'right hand' mean His almighty power, 'the earth' which He laid the foundation of is that which is last, 'heaven' which He stretched out is that which is between the first and the last, 'summoning them, that they may stand together' is holding all the interior things in connection and in form by means of what is last, that they may have a single end in view. This single end to be held in view is He who is the First and the Last. That this is the Lord is clear in Isaiah,

Thus said Jehovah, the King of Israel and his Redeemer, I am the First and I am the Last. Isaiah 44:6.

'The King of Israel' is the Lord, John 18:37, and so, as is self-evident, is 'his Redeemer'. And in the Book of Revelation,

These things says the First and the Last, who was dead and came to life. Revelation 2:8.

[7] The truth that what is first holds all things in connection by means of what is last may be recognized from the Word and from humanness. In the case of the Word its last and lowest things are its literal sense; that which is first and highest is the Lord; and the interior things within it are its internal sense, which the heavens perceive and which causes those who are there to have the same end in view, namely the Lord. Regarding this arcanum, see 9360, 9824.

[8] As to humanness, this as it exists in the things that are last is the Church on earth; as it exists in that which is first it is the Lord; and as it exists in the interior things it is heaven. For in the Lord's sight the Church and heaven are like one human being; therefore heaven is called the Grand Man, which has been the subject at the ends of a number of chapters, see the places referred to in 10030 (end). There is an unbroken connection, and an influx in keeping with that connection, of all things from the Lord through the heavens to the Church on earth. By the heavens the angels who are there should be understood; by the Church people who are true members of the Church; and by humanness as it exists in that which is first the Lord in respect of His Divine Human. The truth that what is first by means of what is last holds all things in connection and makes them stand as one is meant by the Lord's words in Isaiah quoted above,

I am the First and I am the Last, indeed My hand laid the foundation of the earth, and My right hand measured out heaven. I summoning them, they stand together. Isaiah 48:12-13.

The fact that 'the earth' is used in the Word to mean the Church has also been shown on many occasions, see the places referred to in 9325.

[9] An idea of this matter may be had from what is last or outermost with a person and what is inmost. His outermost is the skin, his inmost the heart, while the things in between or his interiors are the organs of the body. From the heart all the way to the skin by way of the organs there is an unbroken connection through blood vessels; for these emanate from the heart and end in the skin. The skin is self-evidently the last or outermost part holding the interior things in connection, for when the skin has been taken away the interiors fall apart.

[10] From all this it may be seen why it is that just as what is highest or inmost means every single thing, so too does what is lowest or last. Also evident from it all is the arcanum of why the Lord also glorified His Human right down to its last and lowest levels, called the bones and flesh, which explains why the Lord told His disciples, who thought that they were seeing a spirit,

See My hands and My feet, that it is I; handle Me and see; for a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see Me having. Luke 24:37, 39.

It is well recognized that Divinity itself was the First in Him, for He was conceived from Jehovah, and what is conceived from the father is pre-eminently first in a person. The truth that the Lord also glorified the last and lowest levels of His Human in which they co-exist is evident from His words recorded in those verses, and also from the fact that He left nothing of His Human in the tomb. It is true of spiritual things as well that interior things terminate and come to rest in last and lowest ones in which they co-exist, and that the last hold the interior ones in connection, see 9216, 9828. Therefore the lowest things have might and power within them, 9836, and for the same reason have holiness within them, 9824; and revelations are made and answers are given in them, 9905.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.