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Εξοδος πλήθους 30

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1 Και θελεις καμει θυσιαστηριον δια να θυμιαζης θυμιαμα· εκ ξυλου σιττιμ θελεις καμει αυτο.

2 μιας πηχης το μηκος αυτου και μιας πηχης το πλατος αυτου τετραγωνον θελει εισθαι και δυο πηχων το υψος αυτου τα κερατα αυτου εκ του αυτου.

3 Και θελεις περικαλυψει αυτο με χρυσιον καθαρον, την κορυφην αυτου και τα πλαγια αυτου κυκλω και τα κερατα αυτου και θελεις καμει εις αυτο στεφανην χρυσην κυκλω.

4 Και δυο χρυσους κρικους θελεις καμει εις αυτο υπο την στεφανην αυτου· πλησιον των δυο γωνιων αυτου επι τα δυο πλαγια αυτου θελεις καμει αυτους, και θελουσιν εισθαι θηκαι των μοχλων, ωστε να βασταζωσιν αυτο δι' αυτων.

5 Και θελεις καμει τους μοχλους εκ ξυλου σιττιμ, και θελεις περικαλυψει αυτους με χρυσιον.

6 Και θελεις βαλει αυτο απεναντι του καταπετασματος του ενωπιον της κιβωτου του μαρτυριου, αντικρυ του ιλαστηριου του επι του μαρτυριου, οπου θελω εμφανιζεσθαι εις σε.

7 Και θελει θυμιαζει ο Ααρων επ' αυτου θυμιαμα ευωδες καθ' εκαστην πρωιαν· οταν ετοιμαζη τους λυχνους, θελει θυμιαζει επ' αυτου.

8 Και οταν αναπτη ο Ααρων τους λυχνους το εσπερας, θελει θυμιαζει επ' αυτου, θυμιαμα παντοτεινον ενωπιον του Κυριου εις τας γενεας σας.

9 δεν θελετε προσφερει επ' αυτου ξενον θυμιαμα ουδε ολοκαυτωμα ουδε προσφοραν εξ αλφιτων ουδε θελετε χυσει επ' αυτου σπονδην.

10 Και θελει καμνει ο Ααρων εξιλεωσιν επι των κερατων αυτου απαξ του ενιαυτου με το αιμα της περι αμαρτιας προσφορας της εξιλεωσεως· απαξ του ενιαυτου θελει καμνει εξιλεωσιν επ' αυτου εις τας γενεας σας· τουτο ειναι αγιωτατον προς τον Κυριον.

11 Και ελαλησε Κυριος προς τον Μωυσην, λεγων,

12 Οταν λαμβανης το κεφαλαιον των υιων Ισραηλ κατα την απαριθμησιν αυτων, τοτε θελουσι δωσει πας ανθρωπος λυτρον δια την ψυχην αυτου προς τον Κυριον, οταν απαριθμης αυτους, δια να μη επελθη πληγη επ' αυτους, οταν απαριθμης αυτους·

13 τουτο θελουσι διδει πας οστις περνα εις την απαριθμησιν, ημισυ του σικλου κατα τον σικλον του αγιου· ο σικλος ειναι εικοσι γερα· ημισυ του σικλου θελει εισθαι η προσφορα του Κυριου.

14 πας οστις περνα εις την απαριθμησιν, απο εικοσι ετων ηλικιας και επανω, θελει δωσει προσφοραν εις τον Κυριον.

15 Ο πλουσιος δεν θελει δωσει πλειοτερον, και ο πτωχος δεν θελει δωσει ολιγωτερον ημισεος σικλου, οταν διδωσι την προσφοραν εις τον Κυριον δια να καμωσιν εξιλεωσιν υπερ των ψυχων υμων.

16 Και θελεις λαβει το αργυριον της εξιλεωσεως παρα των υιων Ισραηλ, και θελεις μεταχειρισθη αυτο εις την υπηρεσιαν της σκηνης του μαρτυριου, και θελει εισθαι εις τους υιους Ισραηλ εις μνημοσυνον ενωπιον του Κυριου, δια να γεινη εξιλεωσις υπερ των ψυχων υμων.

17 Και ελαλησε Κυριος προς τον Μωυσην, λεγων,

18 Και θελεις καμει νιπτηρα χαλκινον και την βασιν αυτου χαλκινην, δια να νιπτωνται και θελεις θεσει αυτον μεταξυ της σκηνης του μαρτυριου και του θυσιαστηριου και θελεις βαλει υδωρ εις αυτον·

19 και θελουσι νιπτει ο Ααρων και οι υιοι αυτου τας χειρας αυτων και τους ποδας αυτων εξ αυτου·

20 Οταν εισερχωνται εις την σκηνην του μαρτυριου, θελουσι νιπτεσθαι με υδωρ, δια να μη αποθανωσιν· η οταν πλησιαζωσιν εις το θυσιαστηριον δια να λειτουργησωσι, δια να καυσωσι θυσιαν γινομενην δια πυρος εις τον Κυριον·

21 τοτε θελουσι νιπτει τας χειρας αυτων και τους ποδας αυτων, δια να μη αποθανωσι και τουτο θελει εισθαι νομος παντοτεινος εις αυτους, εις αυτον και εις το σπερμα αυτου εις τας γενεας αυτων.

22 Και ελαλησε Κυριος προς τον Μωυσην, λεγων,

23 Και συ λαβε εις σεαυτον εκλεκτα αρωματα, καθαρας σμυρνης πεντακοσιους σικλους και ευωδους κινναμωμου ημισυ αυτης, διακοσιους πεντηκοντα, και ευωδους καλαμου διακοσιους πεντηκοντα,

24 και κασσιας πεντακοσιους, κατα τον σικλον του αγιου, και ελαιου ελαιας εν ιν·

25 και θελεις καμει αυτο ελαιον αγιου χρισματος, χρισμα μυρεψικον κατα την τεχνην του μυρεψου· αγιον χριστηριον ελαιον θελει εισθαι.

26 Και θελεις χρισει με αυτο την σκηνην του μαρτυριου και την κιβωτον του μαρτυριου,

27 και την τραπεζαν και παντα τα σκευη αυτης και την λυχνιαν και τα σκευη αυτης και το θυσιαστηριον του θυμιαματος,

28 και το θυσιαστηριον του ολοκαυτωματος μετα παντων των σκευων αυτου και τον νιπτηρα και την βασιν αυτου.

29 Και θελεις αγιασει αυτα, δια να ηναι αγιωτατα· παν το εγγιζον αυτα θελει εισθαι αγιον.

30 Και τον Ααρων και τους υιους αυτου θελεις χρισει και θελεις αγιασει αυτους, δια να ιερατευωσιν εις εμε.

31 Και θελεις λαλησει προς τους υιους Ισραηλ, λεγων, τουτο θελει εισθαι εις εμε αγιον χριστηριον ελαιον εις τας γενεας σας·

32 επι σαρκα ανθρωπου δεν θελει χυθη ουδε θελετε καμει ομοιον αυτου κατα την συνθεσιν αυτου· τουτο ειναι αγιον και αγιον θελει εισθαι εις εσας·

33 οστις συνθεση ομοιον αυτου η οστις βαλη εξ αυτου επι αλλογενη, θελει εξολοθρευθη εκ του λαου αυτου.

34 Και ειπε Κυριος προς τον Μωυσην, Λαβε εις σεαυτον ευωδη αρωματα, στακτην και ονυχα και χαλβανην, ταυτα τα ευωδη αρωματα μετα καθαρου λιβανιου· ισου βαρους θελει εισθαι εκαστον.

35 Και θελεις καμει τουτο θυμιαμα, συνθεσιν κατα την τεχνην του μυρεψου μεμιγμενον, καθαρον, αγιον·

36 και θελεις κοπανισει μερος εκ τουτου πολλα λεπτον, και θελεις βαλει εξ αυτου εμπροσθεν του μαρτυριου εν τη σκηνη του μαρτυριου, οπου θελω εμφανιζεσθαι εις σε· τουτο θελει εισθαι εις εσας αγιωτατον.

37 Κατα δε την συνθεσιν του θυμιαματος τουτου, το οποιον θελεις καμει, σεις δεν θελετε καμει εις εαυτους· αγιον θελει εισθαι εις σε δια τον Κυριον·

38 οστις καμη ομοιον αυτου δια να μυριζηται αυτο, θελει εξολοθρευθη εκ του λαου αυτου.

   

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Apocalypse Explained # 279

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279. And the second animal like a calf. That this signifies the appearance in ultimates of the Divine good as to defence is evident from the signification of a calf, or young bullock, as being the good of the natural man, and specifically his good of innocence and charity; and because it denotes this good, it also denotes the good of the ultimate heaven, for this heaven is spiritual-natural (as may be seen in the work, Heaven and Hell. n. 29-31). And because this good is in the ultimate heaven, therefore it is a guard, or defence, to prevent the higher heavens from being approached except by the good of love and of charity; this is why one cherub was like a calf. That this appearance was in ultimates, may be seen just above (n. 278). The reason why a calf or young bullock signifies the good of the natural man, is that those animals which belonged to the herd signified the affections of good and truth in the external or natural man, and those which belonged to the flock signified the affections of good and truth in the internal or spiritual man. Those animals which belong to the flock are lambs, she-goats, sheep, rams, and he-goats; and those which belong to the herd are oxen, calves, young bullocks.

[2] That young bullocks and calves signify the good of the natural man is evident from the passages of the Word where they are mentioned. And first from the description of the feet of the cherubim, in Ezekiel:

"Their right foot and the soles of their feet, as it were the soles of a calf's foot, and they were shining, as the colour of polished brass" (1:7).

The reason their right foot was thus seen was that the cherubim represented the Divine guardianship of the Lord, and the feet and soles of the feet represented the same in ultimates, or in the spiritual-natural heaven and in the natural world. For by the feet is signified in general the Natural; by the right foot is signified the Natural as to good; by the sole of the foot the ultimates therein, and similarly polished brass signifies good in the Natural. It is therefore evident that good in the Natural is signified by a calf, and that here is the ultimate good which guards and defends lest the heavens should be approached except by the good of love and of charity. (That the feet signify the Natural may be seen, Arcana Coelestia 2162, 3147, 3761, 3986, 4280, 4938-4952, 5327, 5328; that that which is on the right signifies good from which is truth, n. 9604, 9736, 10061: hence the right foot signifies the Natural as to good. That the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and hoofs, signify the ultimates in the Natural, may be seen, n. 4938, 7729; and that polished brass signifies natural good, may be seen above, n. 70).

[3] In Hosea:

"Return ye to Jehovah; say unto him, Take away all iniquity, and accept good, and we will render the bullocks of our lips" (14:2).

What is meant by rendering the bullocks of the lips, no one can know unless he understands what bullocks, and what the lips signify. That confession and thanksgiving from a good heart is here denoted, is evident; but it is thus expressed because bullocks signify external good, and the lips signify doctrine; hence by rendering the bullocks of the lips, is signified to confess and give thanks from the goods of doctrine. (That the lips signify doctrine, may be seen,Arcana Coelestia 1286, 1288.)

[4] In Amos:

"Ye draw the habitation of violence; they lie upon beds of ivory, and eat the lambs out of the flock and the calves out of the midst of the stall" (6:3, 4).

The subject here treated of is those who possess in abundance the knowledges of good and truth, and yet lead an evil life. To eat the lambs out of the flock signifies to drink in the knowledges of internal good or of the spiritual man; and to eat the calves out of the midst of the stall signifies to drink in the knowledges of external goods or of the natural man; and to draw the habitation of violence is to live a life contrary to charity.

[5] In Malachi:

"But unto you that fear my name shall the sun of righteousness arise and healing in his wings; that ye may go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall" (4:2).

The sun of righteousness which shall arise to them that fear the name of Jehovah, signifies the good of love; and healing in his wings, signifies the truth of faith; hence, to go forth, and to grow up as calves of the stall, signifies an increase of all good; fatted, and also fat, signifying good.

[6] In Luke:

The father said to his servants concerning the prodigal son who returned penitent in heart, "Bring forth the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand and shoes on his feet; and bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it; and let us eat and be merry" (15:22, 23).

He who understands only the sense of the letter might suppose that this passage contains nothing deeper than appears in that sense, when nevertheless every particular involves something heavenly; as that they should put on the returning prodigal the best robe, that they should put a ring on his hand and shoes on his feet, that they should bring forth the fatted calf, that they should kill it, and eat and be merry. By the prodigal son are meant those who are prodigal of spiritual riches, which are knowledges (cognitiones) of truth and good; by his return to his father, and his confession that he was not worthy to be called his son, are signified penitence of heart and humiliation. By the best, or chief (primarium) robe being put on him, are signified general and primary truths; by a ring upon the hand is signified the conjunction of truth and good in the internal or spiritual man; by shoes upon the feet is signified the same in the external or natural man; and by both these, regeneration. By the fatted calf is signified the good of love and of charity; and by their eating and being merry are signified association and heavenly joy.

[7] In Jeremiah:

"I will give the men who have transgressed my covenant, who have not established the words of my covenant which they made before me, the covenant of the calf which they cut into two pieces that they might pass between the parts thereof, the princes of Judah and the princes of Jerusalem, the royal ministers and priests, and all the people of the land, passing between the parts of the calf, I will even give them into the hands of their enemies, that their carcass may be for food to the bird of the heavens" (34:18-20).

What is meant by the covenant of the calf, and by passing between the parts thereof, no one can know unless he knows what is signified by covenant, what by calf, what by its being cut into two parts; also, what is meant by the princes of Judah and of Jerusalem, by the royal ministers, the priests, and the people of the land. That there is some heavenly arcanum herein is evident. Nevertheless it can be understood, when it is known that a covenant denotes conjunction; a calf, good; a calf cut into two parts, the good proceeding from the Lord on one part, and the good received by man on the other, whence there is conjunction; and that the princes of Judah and of Jerusalem, the royal ministers, the priests, and the people of the land, denote the goods and truths which pertain to the church; and that to pass between the parts denotes to conjoin. When these things are known the internal sense of the passage may be known, which is, that there was no conjunction by the goods and truths of the church with that nation, but disjunction.

[8] Similar things are involved in the covenant of the calf with Abram, concerning which it is thus written in Genesis:

Jehovah said to Abram, "Take to thee a calf of three years old, and a she-goat of three years old, and a ram of three years old, and a turtle-dove, and a young pigeon. And he took unto himself all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid each part one against another; and the birds divided he not. And when the fowls came down upon the carcasses, Abram drove them away. And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, a horror of great darkness fell upon him. And in that day Jehovah made a covenant with Abram" (15:9-12, 18).

The horror of great darkness which fell upon Abram signified the state of the Jewish nation, which was in the greatest darkness as to the truths and goods of the church; this state of that nation is what is described in the Prophet by the covenant ratified by dividing the calf into two parts, between which they passed. Because by a calf is signified the good of the natural man and its truth, which is scientific truth (scientificum); and since the natural man and the scientific thereof is signified by Egypt, therefore Egypt in the Word is called a she-calf, and also a he-calf; therefore, also, after they applied the scientifics (scientifica) of the church to magical and idolatrous purposes they turned the calf into an idol. This is why the sons of Israel made to themselves a calf in the wilderness, and worshipped it, and also why they had a calf in Samaria.

[9] That Egypt is thus designated is evident in Jeremiah:

"A very fair she-calf is Egypt; destruction cometh out of the north, and her mercenaries in the midst of her as calves of the stall" (46:20, 21).

(Concerning the calf which the sons of Israel made to themselves in the wilderness, see Exodus 32; and concerning the calf of Samaria, 1 Kings 12:25-32).

Again, in Hosea:

"They have made a king, but not by me; they have made princes, and I knew it not; of their silver and their gold have they made them idols, that it may be cut off. Thy calf, O Samaria, hath forsaken thee. For from Israel was it also; the workman made it, not God; the calf of Samaria shall be broken in pieces" (8:4-6).

The subject here treated of is the corrupt explanation of the Word, the sense of the letter of which is turned to favour their own loves and the principles of religion thence conceived. To make a king but not by Jehovah, and to make princes and I have not known, signifies doctrinals from man's own intelligence, which are essentially falsities, but which they make to appear as truths. For a king signifies truth, and, in an opposite sense, falsity; princes signify primary truths, and, in the opposite sense, falsities which are called principles of religion. To make idols of their silver and gold signifies their perversion of the truths and goods of the church, and worshipping them as holy, although, being derived from their own intelligence, they are destitute of life. Silver denotes the truth, and gold the good, which are from the Lord. Idols signify worship from doctrine which is from man's own intelligence; "the workman made it, and not God," signifies, that it is from man's proprium and not from the Divine; to be broken in pieces, signifies to be dissipated; hence it is evident what is signified by the calf of Samaria. Because calves signified the good of the natural man, therefore also calves were sacrificed, concerning which see Exodus 29:11, 12 and following verses; Leviticus 4:3, 13 and following verses; 8:15 and following verses; 9:2; 16:3; 23:18; Numbers 8:8 and following verses; 15:24; 28:19, 20; Judg. 6:25-29; 1 Sam. 1:25; 16:2; 1 Kings 18:23-26, 33. For all the animals which were sacrificed signified various classes of the goods of the church.

  
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Translation by Isaiah Tansley. Many thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.