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Josua 9

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1 Da nun das hörten alle Könige, die jenseit des Jordans waren auf den Gebirgen und in den Gründen und an allen Anfurten des großen Meers, auch die neben dem Berge Libanon waren, nämlich die Hethiter, Amoriter, Kanaaniter, Pheresiter, Heviter und Jebusiter,

2 sammelten sie sich einträchtig zuhauf, daß sie wider Josua und wider Israel stritten.

3 Aber die Bürger zu Gibeon, da sie hörten, was Josua mit Jericho und Ai gemacht hatte, erdachten sie eine List,

4 gingen hin und versahen sich mit Speise und nahmen alte Säcke auf ihre Esel.

5 und alte, zerrissene, geflickte Weinschläuche und alte, geflickte Schuhe an ihre Füße und zogen alte Kleider an, und alles Brot, das sie nahmen, war hart und schimmlig.

6 Und gingen zu Josua ins Lager gen Gilgal und sprachen zu ihm und zum ganzen Israel: Wir kommen aus fernen Landen; so macht einen Bund mit uns.

7 Da sprach das ganze Israel zu dem Heviter: Vielleicht möchtest du unter uns wohnend werden; wie könnte ich dann einen Bund mit dir machen?

8 Sie aber sprachen zu Josua: Wir sind deine Knechte. Josua sprach zu ihnen: Was seid ihr, und woher kommt ihr?

9 Sie sprachen: Deine Knechte sind aus sehr fernen Landen gekommen um des Namens willen des HERRN, deines Gottes; denn wir haben sein Gerücht gehört und alles, was er in Ägypten getan hat,

10 und alles, was er den zwei Königen der Amoriter jenseit des Jordans getan hat: Sihon, dem König zu Hesbon, und Og, dem König von Basan, der zu Astharoth wohnte.

11 Darum sprachen unsere Ältesten und alle Einwohner unsers Landes: Nehmt Speise mit euch auf die Reise und geht hin, ihnen entgegen, und sprecht zu ihnen: Wir sind eure Knechte. So macht nun einen Bund mit uns.

12 Dies unser Brot, das wir aus unsern Häusern zu unsrer Speise nahmen, war noch frisch, da wir auszogen zu euch, nun aber, siehe, es ist hart und schimmlig;

13 und diese Weinschläuche füllten wir neu, und siehe, sie sind zerrissen; und diese unsre Kleider und Schuhe sind alt geworden über der sehr langen Reise.

14 Da nahmen die Hauptleute ihre Speise an und fragten den Mund des HERRN nicht.

15 Und Josua machte Frieden mit ihnen und richtete einen Bund mit ihnen auf, daß sie leben bleiben sollten. Und die Obersten der Gemeinde schwuren ihnen.

16 Aber über drei Tage, nachdem sie mit ihnen einen Bund gemacht hatten, kam es vor sie, daß jene nahe bei ihnen waren und würden unter ihnen wohnen.

17 Denn da die Kinder Israel fortzogen, kamen sie des dritten Tages zu ihren Städten, die hießen Gibeon, Kaphira, Beeroth und Kirjath-Jearim,

18 und schlugen sie nicht, darum daß ihnen die Obersten der Gemeinde geschworen hatten bei dem HERRN, dem Gott Israels. Da aber die ganze Gemeinde wider die Obersten murrte,

19 sprachen alle Obersten zu der ganzen Gemeinde: Wir haben ihnen geschworen bei dem HERRN, dem Gott Israels; darum können wir sie nicht antasten.

20 Aber das wollen wir tun: laßt sie leben, daß nicht ein Zorn über uns komme um des Eides willen, den wir ihnen getan haben.

21 Und die Obersten sprachen zu ihnen: Laßt sie leben, daß sie Holzhauer und Wasserträger seien der ganzen Gemeinde, wie ihnen die Obersten gesagt haben.

22 Da rief sie Josua und redete mit ihnen und sprach: Warum habt ihr uns betrogen und gesagt, ihr seid sehr ferne von uns, so ihr doch unter uns wohnet?

23 Darum sollt ihr verflucht sein, daß unter euch nicht aufhören Knechte, die Holz hauen und Wasser tragen zum Hause meines Gottes.

24 Sie antworteten Josua und sprachen: Es ist deinen Knechten angesagt, daß der HERR, dein Gott, Mose, seinem Knecht, geboten habe, daß er euch das ganze Land geben und vor euch her alle Einwohner des Landes vertilgen wolle. Da fürchteten wir für unser Leben vor euch sehr und haben solches getan.

25 Nun aber, siehe, wir sind in deinen Händen; was dich gut dünkt uns zu tun, das tue.

26 Und er tat ihnen also und errettete sie von der Kinder Israel Hand, daß sie sie nicht erwürgten.

27 Also machte sie Josua desselben Tages zu Holzhauern und Wasserträgern für die Gemeinde und den Altar des HERRN bis auf diesen Tag, an dem Ort, den er erwählen würde.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 9

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 9: The Gibeonites deceive Israel.

After Israel conquered Jericho and then Ai, the news about the strength of the Children of Israel - and their mighty God, Jehovah - spread quickly among the people of Canaan. In this chapter, the people of Gibeon came up with a plan to trick Joshua and the Israelites into granting them safety.

To preserve themselves, the Gibeonites cooked up a story that they had come from far away. They dressed in old clothing and worn-out sandals, and brought shabby wine-skins and moldy bread as proof of their long journey. After questioning these travelers, Joshua agreed to guarantee their safety, and the Israelites made a covenant to let them live. Note that the Israelites did not consult the Lord.

In the end, the Gibeonites admitted that they lived close by and were neighbors of Israel, just as the Hivites (the Gibeonites' ancestors) had been with Abraham. Joshua, unable to revoke his promise to them, made them wood-cutters and water-carriers for the altars of the Lord.

This chapter offers us several spiritual lessons. The main one is that there is a place for simple, well-intentioned goodness in our spiritual life, along with our love of God and our love for other people (See Swedenborg's exegetical work, Arcana Caelestia 3436, for details). This is what the Gibeonites stand for; they were not warlike but peaceful, content to live usefully day after day. This is an illustration of natural good, which is an important part of life in this world and in heaven (Arcana Caelestia 3167).

On a spiritual level, their story about living in a country far-away means that when we live good, well-intentioned lives, we are ‘far away’ from the evils of the Canaanites. Although the Gibeonites lived among the Canaanites, their higher values were entirely different. So while the Gibeonites deceived Israel to save themselves, they spoke truthfully when they said: “we come from a place a very long way away” (See Swedenborg's work, Heaven and Hell 481).

Their tattered and torn appearance is meant to illustrate the hard work of doing good. It can be quite wearing to continue doing good things, especially when we feel it is all up to us. Acknowledging that all good is from the Lord renews us, and keeps us from the burden of merit.

In the same vein, their worn-out appearance is also about our relationship with the Word. Little children love and delight in the stories of the Word, but as they grow up, this love dwindles (Arcana Caelestia 3690). But as adults, we have the choice to find those guiding principles from the Word, helping us to keep leading good lives.

The fact that Joshua commanded the Gibeonites to cut wood and draw water also holds spiritual significance. The beauty of wood is that it comes from living trees, and can be turned into many, many useful things. It stands for the steady, humble wish to do good each day (See Swedenborg's work, True Christian Religion 374). This must be present in our worship at the altars of the Lord.

Drawing water provides essential, life-giving refreshment for others. Water stands for truth, and our better actions draw the water of life for the sake of others. Truly, acknowledging the goodness in other people is part of our faith in God. This story shows us that we must allow others to live and to serve everything of God, just as Joshua showed mercy toward the Gibeonites.

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Arcana Coelestia # 3690

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3690. 'Jacob went out from Beersheba' means life more remote from matters of doctrine that are Divine. This is clear from the meaning of 'going' as living, dealt with in 3335, 3685, and so of 'going away' as living more remotely; and from the meaning of 'Beersheba' as doctrine that is Divine, dealt with in 2723, 2858, 2859, 3466. From this it is evident that 'Jacob went out from Beersheba' means life more remote from matters of doctrine that are Divine. Life is said to be more remote when it consists in external truths and is governed by these, as was the case in the early and later childhood of those who are being regenerated, dealt with just above in 3688.

[2] To demonstrate more fully what that life is, and what it is like, let a further brief statement be made about it. All the details of the historical tales contained in the Word are truths more remote from the actual matters of doctrine that are Divine. Nevertheless they are of service to young and older children in that by means of those tales they are led gradually into more interior matters of doctrine concerning what is true and good, and at length into Divine ones; for inmostly those tales hold what is Divine within them. When young children read them and in innocence are filled with affection for them, the angels present with them experience a delightful heavenly state, for the Lord fills those angels with affection for the internal sense and so for the things which the events of the historical tales represent and mean. It is that heavenly delight experienced by angels which flows in and causes the young children to take delight in those tales. In order that this first state may exist, that is, the state in early and later childhood of those who are to be regenerated, the historical tales in the Word have therefore been provided and written in such a way that every single detail there contains that which is Divine within them.

[3] How remote they are from matters of doctrine that are Divine may be seen from an example taken from those historical tales. When at first someone knows merely that God came down on Mount Sinai and gave Moses the tablets on which the Ten Commandments were written, and that Moses smashed them and God wrote similar commandments on another set of tablets, and this historical description in itself delights him, his life is governed by external truth and is remote from matters of doctrine that are Divine. Later on however when he starts to take delight in and have an affection for the commands or precepts there, and lives according to them, his life is now governed by actual truth; yet his life is still remote from matters of doctrine that are Divine. For the life he leads in keeping with those commands is no more than a morally correct life, the precepts of which are well known to everyone living in human society from the life of the community and from the laws existing there, such as worship of the Supreme Being, honouring parents, not committing murder, not committing adultery, and not stealing.

[4] But a person who is being regenerated is gradually led away from this more remote or morally correct life to life that comes closer to matters of doctrine that are Divine, that is, closer to spiritual life. When this happens he starts to wonder why such commands or precepts were sent down from heaven in so miraculous a fashion and why they were written on tablets with the finger of God, when they are in fact known to all peoples and are also written in the laws of those who have never heard anything from the Word. When he enters into this state of thinking he is then led by the Lord, if he belongs among those who are able to be regenerated, into a state more interior still, that is to say, into a state when he thinks that deeper things lie within which he does not as yet know. And when he reads the Word in this state he discovers in various places in the Prophets, and especially in the Gospels, that every one of those precepts contains within it things more heavenly still.

[5] In the commandment about honouring parents, for example, he discovers that when people are born anew, that is, are being regenerated, they receive another Father, and in that case become His sons, and that He is the one who is to be honoured, thus that this is the meaning which lies more interiorly in that commandment. He also gradually learns who that new Father is, namely the Lord, and at length how He is to be honoured, that is to say, worshipped, and that He is worshipped when He is loved. When a person who is being regenerated possesses this truth and lives according to it, a matter of doctrine that is Divine exists with him. His state at that time is an angelic state, and from this he now sees the things he had known previously as things which follow in order one after another and which flow from the Divine, like the steps of a stairway, at the top of which is Jehovah or the Lord, and on the steps themselves His angels going up and coming down. So he sees things that had previously delighted him as steps more remote from himself. The same may be said of the rest of the Ten Commandments, see 2609. From this one may now see what the life more remote from matters of doctrine that are Divine is, meant by the statement that Jacob went out from Beersheba.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.