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Josua 24

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1 Josua versammelte alle Stämme Israels gen Sichem und berief die Ältesten von Israel, die Häupter, Richter und Amtleute. Und da sie vor Gott getreten waren,

2 sprach er zum ganzen Volk: So sagt der HERR, der Gott Israels: Eure Väter wohnten vorzeiten jenseit des Stroms, Tharah, Abrahams und Nahors Vater, und dienten andern Göttern.

3 Da nahm ich euren Vater Abraham jenseit des Stroms und ließ ihn wandern im ganzen Land Kanaan und mehrte ihm seinen Samen und gab ihm Isaak.

4 Und Isaak gab ich Jakob und Esau und gab Esau das Gebirge Seir zu besitzen. Jakob aber und seine Kinder zogen hinab nach Ägypten.

5 Da sandte ich Mose und Aaron und plagte Ägypten, wie ich unter ihnen getan habe.

6 Darnach führte ich euch und eure Väter aus Ägypten. Und da ihr an das Meer kamt und die Ägypter euren Vätern nachjagten mit Wagen und Reitern ans Schilfmeer,

7 da schrieen sie zum HERRN; der setzte eine Finsternis zwischen euch und die Ägypter und führte das Meer über sie, und es bedeckte sie. Und eure Augen haben gesehen, was ich an den Ägyptern getan habe. Und ihr habt gewohnt in der Wüste eine lange Zeit.

8 Und ich habe euch gebracht in das Land der Amoriter, die jenseit des Jordans wohnten; und da sie wider euch stritten, gab ich sie in eure Hände, daß ihr ihr Land besaßet, und vertilgte sie vor euch her.

9 Da machte sich auf Balak, der Sohn Zippors, der Moabiter König, und stritt wider Israel und sandte hin und ließ rufen Bileam, den Sohn Beors, daß er euch verfluchte.

10 Aber ich wollte ihn nicht hören. Und er segnete euch und ich errettete euch aus seinen Händen.

11 Und da ihr über den Jordan gingt und gen Jericho kamt, stritten wider euch die Bürger von Jericho, die Amoriter, Pheresiter, Kanaaniter, Hethiter, Girgasiter, Heviter und Jebusiter; aber ich gab sie in eure Hände.

12 Und sandte Hornissen vor euch her; die trieben sie aus vor euch her, die zwei Könige der Amoriter, nicht durch dein Schwert noch durch deinen Bogen.

13 Und ich habe euch ein Land gegeben, daran ihr nicht gearbeitet habt, und Städte, die ihr nicht gebaut habt, daß ihr darin wohnt und eßt von Weinbergen und Ölbäumen, die ihr nicht gepflanzt habt.

14 So fürchtet nun den HERRN und dient ihm treulich und rechtschaffen und laßt fahren die Götter, denen eure Väter gedient haben jenseit des Stroms und in Ägypten, und dient dem HERRN.

15 Gefällt es euch aber nicht, daß ihr dem HERRN dient, so erwählt euch heute, wem ihr dienen wollt: den Göttern, denen eure Väter gedient haben jenseit des Stroms, oder den Göttern der Amoriter, in deren Land ihr wohnt. Ich aber und mein Haus wollen dem HERRN dienen.

16 Da antwortete das Volk und sprach: Das sei ferne von uns, daß wir den HERRN verlassen und andern Göttern dienen!

17 Denn der HERR, unser Gott, hat uns und unsre Väter aus Ägyptenland geführt, aus dem Diensthause, und hat vor unsern Augen solche große Zeichen getan und uns behütet auf dem ganzen Weg, den wir gezogen sind, und unter allen Völkern, durch welche wir gezogen sind,

18 und hat ausgestoßen vor uns her alle Völker der Amoriter, die im Land wohnten. Darum wollen wir auch dem HERRN dienen; denn er ist unser Gott.

19 Josua sprach zu dem Volk: Ihr könnt dem HERRN nicht dienen; denn er ist ein heiliger Gott, ein eifriger Gott, der eurer Übertretungen und Sünden nicht schonen wird.

20 Wenn ihr aber den HERRN verlaßt und fremden Göttern dient, so wird er sich wenden und euch plagen und euch umbringen, nachdem er euch Gutes getan hat.

21 Das Volk aber sprach zu Josua: Nicht also, sondern wir wollen dem HERRN dienen.

22 Da sprach Josua zum Volk: Ihr seid Zeugen über euch, daß ihr den HERRN euch erwählt habt, daß ihr ihm dient. Und sie sprachen: Ja.

23 So tut nun von euch die fremden Götter, die unter euch sind, und neigt euer Herz zu dem HERRN, dem Gott Israels.

24 Und das Volk sprach zu Josua: Wir wollen dem HERRN, unserm Gott, dienen und seiner Stimme gehorchen.

25 Also machte Josua desselben Tages einen Bund mit dem Volk und legte ihnen Gesetze und Rechte vor zu Sichem.

26 Und Josua schrieb dies alles ins Gesetzbuch Gottes und nahm einen großen Stein und richtete ihn auf daselbst unter einer Eiche, die bei dem Heiligtum des HERRN war,

27 und sprach zum ganzen Volk: Siehe, dieser Stein soll Zeuge sein über uns, denn er hat gehört alle Rede des HERRN, die er uns geredet hat; und soll ein Zeuge über euch sein, daß ihr euren Gott nicht verleugnet.

28 Also ließ Josua das Volk gehen, einen jeglichen in sein Erbteil.

29 Und es begab sich nach dieser Geschichte, daß Josua, der Sohn Nuns, der Knecht des HERRN, starb, da er hundertundzehn Jahre alt war.

30 Und man begrub ihn in der Grenze seines Erbteils zu Thimnath-Serah, das auf dem Gebirge Ephraim liegt mitternachtwärts vom Berge Gaas.

31 Und Israel diente dem Herrn, solange Josua lebte und die Ältesten, welche noch lange Zeit lebten nach Josua, die alle die Werke des HERRN wußten, die er an Israel getan hatte.

32 Die Gebeine Josephs, welche die Kinder Israel hatten aus Ägypten gebracht, begruben sie zu Sichem in dem Stück Feld, das Jakob kaufte von den Kindern Hemors, des Vaters Sichems, um hundert Groschen und das der Kinder Josephs Erbteil ward.

33 Eleasar, der Sohn Aarons, starb auch, und sie begruben ihn zu Gibea, der Stadt seines Sohnes Pinehas, die ihm gegeben war auf dem Gebirge Ephraim.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 24

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 24: The covenant at Shechem and the death of Joshua.

In the beginning of this final chapter, Joshua recounts God’s work for Israel in great detail, spanning the time before Abraham through Isaac and Jacob, the Israelites’ time as slaves in Egypt, and the exodus through the wilderness for many years, culminating with crossing the Jordan and taking Jericho.

Joshua then told the people of Israel that they were to choose whom they would serve: the gods of their fathers, or the Lord God of Israel. The people strongly affirmed that they would follow the Lord and be faithful to Him. They repeated this several times. Then Joshua told them that they were witnesses of their choice, and he renewed the covenant with them there, at Shechem. To mark the covenant, Joshua took a large stone and set it up as a witness to remind the Israelites of what they had sworn that day.

And after all of this, Joshua died, and was buried within his inheritance at Timnath Serah. Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and continued to serve the Lord for some time after. And also Eleazar, the chief priest of Israel, died.

The bones of Joseph, which had been carried by Israel since they left slavery in Egypt, were then given their final resting place at Shechem in a plot of land originally bought by the family of Joseph.

The spiritual meaning of this chapter is all about commitment and devotion in our relationship with the Lord. Joshua’s review of events at the beginning is a reminder that the Lord leads us through life, with all its trials and blessings (see Swedenborg’s work, Heaven and Hell 18). In the work of regeneration, a high state of peace and of the Lord’s presence in us is followed by a state where we are in temptation and under attack from hell. In contrast, a state of temptation in which we stand firm and depend on the Lord leads to a state of trust, confidence, and the return of the Lord’s peace (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 933[2]).

Our spiritual life involves many repeated choices. This is why it is significant that the Israelites repeated their promise to serve the Lord so many times. We may feel that our decision to follow the Lord is a final one, but the reality is that we uphold (or refute) this decision in our actions each and every day. We will need to choose time and time again, even though we believe we would always choose the Lord (see Swedenborg’s work, Divine Providence 321[5]).

A covenant is a formal agreement. Biblical covenants are between people and the Lord. The Lord will always honor his part in the covenant, and we are to ensure that we will honor our part. Spiritually, the covenant is about the empowerment in declaring our commitment to the Lord. ‘This I will do.’ There is no longer any uncertainty or vagueness about our commitment to God. It has been sealed (Arcana Caelestia 1038).

The fact that Joshua commemorates the covenant with a stone also has important spiritual significance for us. A stone represents the strength and durability of truth when it becomes a permanent factor in our life. Committing to follow the Lord’s truths gives us a sturdy foundation in life.

When a story in the Bible mentions death, it always reflects the changing of some state in us. When Joshua and Eleazar the priest die, it is like moving on from a state which has served us well into a new and different state. In our regeneration, the Lord wants us to keep exploring new thoughts and decisions, so that we are always progressing and never complacent (Arcana Caelestia 1382).

The mention of Joseph’s bones at the very end of the chapter is also very significant. These bones of Joseph stand for the continuity of the Lord’s truth, wisdom and providence with us and for us. They also stand for the preservation of all that happens in a person’s life. All of these events make us the people we are, and will always keep shaping our spirit (Arcana Caelestia 6592).

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Arcana Coelestia # 933

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933. 'Cold and heat' means the state of the person who is being regenerated, which, as regards reception of faith and charity, resembles cold and heat, 'cold' meaning when faith and charity do not exist, 'heat' however when they do. This is clear from the meaning of 'cold and heat' in the Word where the two apply either to a person who is to be regenerated, or to one who has been regenerated, or to the Church. This matter is also clear from the train of thought, that is to say, from what comes before and after, for the subject is the Church. The previous verse dealt with the fact that man would no longer be able to destroy himself in that way, the present verse with the fact that some Church will always be emergent. First of all the situation when the Church comes into being is described, that is, when a person is being regenerated so that he may become the Church, and then the character of the now regenerate person is described. In this way the entire state of the member of the Church is dealt with.

[2] The state of a person when he is being regenerated resembles 'cold and heat', that is, a point when faith and charity do not exist and then when they do. This does not become readily clear to anyone except from experience, and indeed through reflecting on experience. Now because those who are being regenerated are few, and of these, few if any reflect, or are capable of reflecting, on the state of their regeneration, let a brief consideration be given to the subject. When someone is being regenerated he is receiving life from the Lord, for he cannot be said to have been living prior to that. The life that belongs to the world and to the body is not life; celestial and spiritual life alone is life. Through regeneration a person receives life itself from the Lord, and because he had no life previously he alternates between no life and life itself, that is, between no faith and charity and some faith and charity. Here no faith and charity is meant by 'cold', some faith and charity by 'heat'.

[3] The implications of this are as follows: Every time a person is engrossed in his own bodily and worldly interests faith and charity do not exist, that is, it is a period of 'cold'. For at such times it is bodily and worldly interests that are active, consequently things which are his own. And as long as a person is engrossed in these he is absent or far removed from faith and charity, with the result that he does not even think about celestial and spiritual things. The reason is that it is by no means possible with anyone for heavenly interests and bodily to exist side by side, for his will has been utterly corrupted. When however the bodily interests in a person and those of his will are inactive and quiescent, the Lord acts by way of his internal man and at that point faith and charity are present with him, which here is called 'heat'. When he reverts to the body he is again living in 'cold', and when the body, or what belongs to the body, is quiescent and so to speak non-existent, he is living in 'heat'. These two states come and go in turn. Man's condition is such that with him celestial and spiritual things cannot co-exist with his bodily and worldly interests, but come and go in turn. This is the experience of everyone who is to be regenerated, and it continues for as long as his state is one of being regenerated. For in no other way can a person be regenerated, that is, from being a dead man become one who is alive, the reason being, as has been stated, that his will is utterly corrupted and therefore completely separated from the new will he receives from the Lord, a will which is the Lord's and not the person's own. From these considerations it now becomes clear what 'cold and heat' means here.

[4] The truth of this every regenerate person can know from experience. That is to say, when engrossed in bodily and worldly interests he is absent and far removed from things of an internal nature, and as a result he not only gives no thought to them, but also feels so to speak cold at even the thought of them. But when bodily and worldly interests are quiescent faith and charity are present with him. Experience can also teach that these states alternate with each other. This is why when bodily and worldly interests start to abound and seek to have dominion, he enters into distress and temptation, which persist until he has been brought back into that kind of state where the external man is conformable and subservient to the internal. The external man can never be subservient until it is quiescent and so to speak non-existent. The final descendants of the Most Ancient Church were unable to be regenerated, because, as has been stated, things of the understanding and those of the will with them constituted one single mind. Consequently things of the understanding were inseparable from those of their will, and so they were incapable of being engrossed by turns in celestial and spiritual interests and then in bodily and worldly. For them it was continual cold as regards heavenly things, and continual heat as regards evil desires, and so with them no alternation was possible.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.