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Richter 6

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1 Und da die Kinder Israel übel taten vor dem HERRN, gab sie der HERR unter die Hand der Midianiter sieben Jahre.

2 Und da der Midianiter Hand zu stark ward über Israel, machten die Kinder Israel für sich Klüfte in den Gebirgen und Höhlen und Festungen.

3 Und wenn Israel etwas säte, so kamen die Midianiter und Amalekiter und die aus dem Morgenlande herauf über sie

4 und lagerten sich wider sie und verderbten das Gewächs auf dem Lande bis hinan gen Gaza und ließen nichts übrig von Nahrung in Israel, weder Schafe noch Ochsen noch Esel.

5 Denn sie kamen herauf mit ihrem Vieh und Hütten wie eine große Menge Heuschrecken, daß weder sie noch ihre Kamele zu zählen waren, und fielen ins Land, daß sie es verderbten.

6 Also war Israel sehr gering vor den Midianitern. Da schrieen die Kinder Israel zu dem HERRN.

7 Als sie aber zu dem HERRN schrieen um der Midianiter willen,

8 sandte der HERR einen Propheten zu ihnen, der sprach zu ihnen: So spricht der HERR, der Gott Israels: Ich habe euch aus Ägypten geführt und aus dem Diensthause gebracht

9 und habe euch errettet von der Ägypter Hand und von der Hand aller, die euch drängten, und habe sie vor euch her ausgestoßen und ihr Land euch gegeben

10 und sprach zu euch: Ich bin der HERR, euer Gott; fürchtet nicht der Amoriter Götter, in deren Lande ihr wohnt. Und ihr habt meiner Stimme nicht gehorcht.

11 Und der Engel des HERRN kam und setzte sich unter eine Eiche zu Ophra, die war des Joas, des Abiesriters; und sein Sohn Gideon drosch Weizen in der Kelter, daß er ihn bärge vor den Midianitern.

12 Da erschien ihm der Engel des HERRN und sprach zu ihm: Der HERR mit dir, du streitbarer Held!

13 Gideon aber sprach zu ihm: Mein Herr, ist der Herr mit uns, warum ist uns denn solches alles widerfahren? Und wo sind alle die Wunder, die uns unsre Väter erzählten und sprachen: Der Herr hat uns aus Ägypten geführt? Nun aber hat uns der Herr verlassen und unter der Midianiter Hände gegeben.

14 Der HERR aber wandte sich zu ihm und sprach: Gehe hin in dieser deiner Kraft; du sollst Israel erlösen aus der Midianiter Händen. Siehe, ich habe dich gesandt.

15 Er aber sprach zu ihm: Mein Herr, womit soll ich Israel erlösen? Siehe, meine Freundschaft ist die geringste in Manasse, und ich bin der Kleinste in meines Vaters Hause.

16 der HERR aber sprach zu ihm: Ich will mit dir sein, daß du die Midianiter schlagen sollst wie einen einzelnen Mann.

17 Er aber sprach zu ihm: Habe ich Gnade vor dir gefunden, so mache mir doch ein Zeichen, daß du es seist, der mit mir redet;

18 weiche nicht, bis ich zu dir komme und bringe mein Speisopfer und es vor dir hinlege. Er sprach: Ich will bleiben bis daß du wiederkommst.

19 Und Gideon kam und richtete zu ein Ziegenböcklein und ein Epha ungesäuerten Mehls und legte das Fleisch in einen Korb und tat die Brühe in einen Topf und brachte es zu ihm heraus unter die Eiche und trat herzu.

20 Aber der Engel Gottes sprach zu ihm: Nimm das Fleisch und das Ungesäuerte und lege es hin auf den Fels, der hier ist, und gieß die Brühe aus. Und er tat also.

21 Da reckte der Engel des HERRN den Stecken aus, den er in der Hand hatte, und rührte mit der Spitze das Fleisch und das Ungesäuerte an. Und das Feuer fuhr aus dem Fels und verzehrte das Fleisch und das Ungesäuerte. Und der Engel des HERRN verschwand aus seinen Augen.

22 Da nun Gideon sah, daß es der Engel des HERRN war, sprach er: Ach HERR HERR! habe ich also den Engel des HERRN von Angesicht gesehen?

23 Aber der HERR sprach zu ihm: Friede sei mit dir! Fürchte dich nicht; du wirst nicht sterben.

24 Da baute Gideon daselbst dem HERRN einen Altar und hieß ihn: Der HERR ist der Friede. Der steht noch bis auf diesen heutigen Tag zu Ophra, der Stadt der Abiesriter.

25 Und in derselben Nacht sprach der HERR zu ihm: Nimm einen Farren unter den Ochsen, die deines Vaters sind, und einen andern Farren, der siebenjährig ist, und zerbrich den Altar Baals, der deines Vaters ist, und haue um das Ascherabild, das dabei steht,

26 und baue dem HERRN, deinem Gott, oben auf der Höhe dieses Felsens einen Altar und rüste ihn zu und nimm den andern Farren und opfere ein Brandopfer mit dem Holz des Ascherabildes, das du abgehauen hast.

27 Da nahm Gideon zehn Männer aus seinen Knechten und tat, wie ihm der HERR gesagt hatte. Aber er fürchtete sich, solches zu tun des Tages, vor seines Vaters Haus und den Leuten in der Stadt, und tat's bei der Nacht.

28 Da nun die Leute in der Stadt des Morgens früh aufstanden, siehe, da war der Altar Baals zerbrochen und das Ascherabild dabei abgehauen und der andere Farre ein Brandopfer auf dem Altar, der gebaut war.

29 Und einer sprach zu dem andern: Wer hat das getan? Und da sie suchten und nachfragten, ward gesagt: Gideon, der Sohn des Joas, hat das getan.

30 Da sprachen die Leute der Stadt zu Joas: Gib deinen Sohn heraus; er muß sterben, daß er den Altar Baals zerbrochen und das Ascherabild dabei abgehauen hat.

31 Joas aber sprach zu allen, die bei ihm standen: Wollt ihr um Baal hadern? Wollt ihr ihm helfen? Wer um ihn hadert, der soll dieses Morgens sterben. Ist er Gott, so rechte er um sich selbst, daß sein Altar zerbrochen ist.

32 Von dem Tag an hieß man ihn Jerubbaal und sprach: Baal rechte mit ihm, daß er seinen Altar zerbrochen hat.

33 Da nun alle Midianiter und Amalekiter und die aus dem Morgenland sich zuhauf versammelt hatten und zogen herüber und lagerten sich im Grunde Jesreel,

34 erfüllte der Geist des HERRN den Gideon; und er ließ die Posaune blasen und rief die Abiesriter, daß sie ihm folgten,

35 und sandte Botschaft zu ganz Manasse und rief sie an, daß sie ihm auch nachfolgten. Er sandte auch Botschaft zu Asser und Sebulon und Naphthali; die kamen herauf, ihm entgegen.

36 Und Gideon sprach zu Gott: Willst du Israel durch meine Hand erlösen, wie du geredet hast,

37 so will ich ein Fell mit der Wolle auf die Tenne legen. Wird der Tau auf dem Fell allein sein und die ganze Erde umher trocken, so will ich merken, daß du Israel erlösen wirst durch meine Hand, wie du geredet hast.

38 Und es geschah also. Und da er des andern Morgens früh aufstand, drückte er den Tau aus vom Fell und füllte eine Schale voll des Wassers.

39 Und Gideon sprach zu Gott: Dein Zorn ergrimme nicht wider mich, daß ich noch einmal rede. Ich will's nur noch einmal versuchen mit dem Fell. Es sei allein auf dem Fell trocken und der Tau auf der ganzen Erde.

40 Und Gott tat also dieselbe Nacht, daß es trocken war allein auf dem Fell und Tau auf der ganzen Erde.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 6

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 6: The Midianites oppress Israel; the call of Gideon.

Chapters 6-8 of Judges tell the story of Gideon, who led the people of Israel against the Midianites. The Lord allowed the Midianites to oppress the children of Israel for seven years, because they had disobeyed His commandments once again. Israel fled to the mountain caves, and Midian starved the Israelites by destroying their crops and taking their livestock. When Israel cried out to the Lord for help, a prophet delivered the Lord’s message that He had always been with them, but they had kept disobeying.

Then the angel of the Lord appeared to Gideon, who was threshing wheat in the winepress to hide this from the Midianites. The angel brought news that he would lead the fight against the Midianites. Gideon was stunned, and replied that his family was the least important in the tribe of Manasseh, and that he was the least in his family. Even so, the Lord assured him would be victorious, because the Lord was with him.

Gideon asked for a sign to be given him, and then went to prepare an offering of food. When he came back, the angel told him to place the meat and unleavened bread upon a rock. When the angel touched it with his staff, fire came up from the rock and burned up the food. The angel then departed.

The Lord told Gideon to break down his father’s altars to Baal, and to build an altar to the Lord on top of it, which he did by night. In the morning, the men of the city discovered what Gideon had done, and demanded that he be killed. But Gideon’s father, Joash, replied that Baal himself would take action, if he were really a god.

The Midianites and their allies gathered for battle, and Gideon called on his tribe of Manasseh, as well as Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali, to prepare to fight. Before the battle took place though, Gideon asked for another sign from God. He put a woolen fleece on the threshing floor, and if God would use him to save Israel, the fleece would have dew on it, while the ground around it would be dry. And so it was the next morning. Once again, Gideon asked for a sign, this time with dew on the ground, but not on the fleece. And again, this came to pass.

*****

The spiritual meaning of the Midianites is understanding spiritual truths, but leading a life of sensory pleasure anyway, rather than one built on genuine goodness (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 7602). This is portrayed by the Midianites destroying all the crops which could be made into food, or spiritually, into what is good.

Threshing wheat and pressing wine are very similar processes; threshing wheat frees grain from the beaten husk, and pressing wine squeezes juice from a crushed grape. Both of these activities represent our spiritual determination to do what is good – the wheat for bread – because of the truth we have come to understand – the wine. Gideon’s name, meaning “to break apart”, and this passage are meant to show us that his strongest quality was determination to do good (Divine Providence 227[2]).

Gideon’s claim to be the least important of all demonstrates the place of genuine humility in our spiritual life. Acknowledging that the Lord brings about all good things is a sign of strength, not weakness (see Swedenborg’s work, Heaven and Hell 408).

The spiritual meaning of asking God for a sign – which Gideon did several times – is to confirm the validity of what we intend or understand. Paying attention to our internal state will show us the quality of our inner thoughts if we dare to listen, but ultimately, confirmation comes from the Word (see Swedenborg’s work, True Christian Religion 508[5]). The fire from the rock, which burned the meat, represents the power of love and truth to consume and sustain us.

The fascinating double sign involving the fleece has several layers of spiritual meaning: the threshing floor stands for the ground of our daily life and activity; the fleece, with its warmth and softness, stands for the principle of goodness; and the dew (water) stands for divine influx of truth into us from the Lord. These build the framework of the spiritual meaning. The dewy fleece on the dry ground means that we need to have the Lord’s truth in our mind, so we know how to lead a good life. Then, this needs to be reversed so that we feel the desire to do good, and then apply this in daily life (Arcana Caelestia 3579).

This sign is closely related to the spiritual meaning of the Midianites, the enemy to be overthrown. Simply knowing the Lord’s truths does not guarantee a good life; we must put these truths into practice.

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Divine Providence # 227

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227. These are the reasons such disasters happen, but because of the darkness of ignorance, they need further explanation if they are to reach the light of comprehension.

(a) Everything we willingly think and say and do becomes part of us and remains so, whether it is good or evil. This has already been presented in 78-81. We have an outer or earthly memory and an inner or spiritual memory. In this latter memory is recorded everything we have willingly thought, said, and done in this world so inclusively and in such detail that nothing whatever is left out. This memory is our "book of life" that is opened after death and by which we are judged. (There is more about this memory in Heaven and Hell 461-465 [Heaven and Hell 461-469], drawn from personal experience.)

[2] (b) The Lord is constantly using his divine providence to make provisions and arrangements so that what is evil will be by itself and what is good by itself, and so that they can be kept separate. Each of us has both good and evil qualities. The evil ones come from us and the good ones from the Lord; and we could not be alive if we did not have both. If we were totally wrapped up in ourselves and therefore in our evil natures we would not have any trace of life; and if we were totally wrapped up in the Lord and therefore in our good natures we would not have any trace of life either. In the latter case, that is, we would be like people who are suffocating and constantly gasping for breath, or like people in the last throes of dying. In the former case life would have been snuffed out because evil totally devoid of anything good is intrinsically dead. So each of us has both. The difference is that for some the inner self is devoted to the Lord while the outer is apparently concerned with self, while in others the inner self is wrapped up in self and the outer is apparently devoted to the Lord. The one is focused on evil and the other on good, though both are present in each.

The reason evil people have both sides is that they are involved in the constructive activities of civic and moral living, and outwardly, too, in a kind of constructive spiritual life. Further, the Lord keeps them in enough rationality and freedom that they can engage in something good. It is this good through which all of us, even the evil ones, are being led by the Lord.

So we can see that the Lord keeps the evil and the goodness separate so that one is inside and the other outside, thus providing that they do not become mingled.

[3] (c) This cannot be accomplished, however, if we first acknowledge the truths that faith discloses and live by them and afterwards backslide and deny them. This can be seen from what has just been presented: first of all that everything we have willingly thought, said, and done becomes part of us and stays with us; and second, that the Lord is constantly using his divine providence to make provisions and arrangements that what is evil will be by itself and what is good by itself so that they can be kept separate. The Lord does separate them after our death. If we have been inwardly evil and outwardly good, then the goodness is taken away and we are left to our evil. In contrast, if we have been inwardly good, but--like everyone else--have outwardly struggled for wealth, vied for eminence, relished various worldly pleasures, and given in to some of our compulsions, then still the goodness and the evil in us have not been mingled but kept separate, one inside and the other outside. Outwardly, then, we have been very much like evil people, but not inwardly. Conversely, for evil people who have outwardly looked like good ones as far as their piety, worship, speech, and behavior are concerned, but who have still been evil inwardly, the evil is separated from the goodness in them as well.

However, if people have at first acknowledged the truths that faith discloses and have lived by them but later have turned in the opposite direction and rejected them (and especially if they have denied them), then their good and evil qualities are no longer separated but are mingled. That is, such people internalize good and also internalize evil, which unites and mingles them.

[4] (d) We then mingle what is good and what is evil so completely that they cannot be separated. This follows from what has just been said. If the evil in us cannot be separated from the goodness and the goodness from the evil, then we cannot be either in heaven or in hell. Each of us must be in one or the other, and we cannot be in both, now in heaven and now in hell. When we were in heaven we would be working for hell, and when we were in hell we would be working for heaven; so we would destroy the life of everyone around us, the heavenly life for angels and the hellish life for demons. This would be the end of life for both, since we all need our own life and cannot live in someone else's life, let alone in an opposite life.

This is why when we become spirits or spiritual people after our death, the Lord separates what is good from what is evil and what is evil from what is good in each one of us. The goodness is separated from the evil if we have been inwardly evil and the evil from the goodness if we have been inwardly good. This is the intent of the Lord's saying, "To all those who have, more will be given in abundance, and from those who do [not] have, even what they have will be taken away" (Matthew 13:12; Matthew 25:29; Mark 4:25; Luke 8:18; Luke 19:26).

[5] (e) Since what is good and what is evil need to be separated in each one of us, and since they cannot be separated in people like this, everything truly human about them is destroyed. What is truly human about us is our rationality, our ability to see and know, if we try, what is true and what is good, and also our ability freely to intend, think, say, and do it, as already explained [96-97]. However, both this freedom and its rationality are destroyed in people who have mingled good and evil in themselves. They cannot see what is evil from the perspective of what is good or recognize what is good from the perspective of what is evil because they have identified them with each other. This means that they no longer have either the actual or the potential ability to function rationally, so they no longer have any freedom. This is why they are simply like wild hallucinations, as already noted [226], and no longer look like people but like bones with some skin on them. It is why they are not called "he" or "she" when they are named, but "it." This is what finally becomes of people who mingle sacred things with profane ones in this fashion. There are, though, other kinds of profanation that are not so dire. These will be discussed in the next section.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Foundation for the permission to use this translation.