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Richter 4

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1 Und die Kinder Israel taten wiederum, was böse war in den Augen Jehovas; und Ehud war gestorben.

2 Da verkaufte sie Jehova in die Hand Jabins, des Königs der Kanaaniter, der zu Hazor regierte; und sein Heeroberster war Sisera, und er wohnte zu Haroscheth-Gojim.

3 Und die Kinder Israel schrieen zu Jehova; denn er hatte neunhundert eiserne Wagen, und er bedrückte die Kinder Israel mit Gewalt zwanzig Jahre.

4 Und Debora, eine Prophetin, das Weib Lappidoths, richtete Israel in selbiger Zeit.

5 Und sie wohnte unter der Debora-Palme zwischen Rama und Bethel, auf dem Gebirge Ephraim; und die Kinder Israel gingen zu ihr hinauf zu Gericht.

6 Und sie sandte hin und ließ Barak, den Sohn Abinoams, von Kedes-Naphtali, rufen; und sie sprach zu ihm: Hat nicht Jehova, der Gott Israels, geboten: Gehe hin und ziehe auf den Berg Tabor, und nimm mit dir zehntausend Mann von den Kindern Naphtali und von den Kindern Sebulon;

7 und ich werde Sisera, den Heerobersten Jabins, zu dir ziehen an den Bach Kison samt seinen Wagen und seiner Menge, und ich werde ihn in deine Hand geben?

8 Und Barak sprach zu ihr: Wenn du mit mir gehst, so gehe ich; wenn du aber nicht mit mir gehst, so gehe ich nicht:

9 Da sprachen sie: Ich will wohl mit dir gehen; nur daß die Ehre nicht dein sein wird auf dem Wege, den du gehst, denn in die Hand eines Weibes wird Jehova den Sisera verkaufen. Und Debora machte sich auf und ging mit Barak nach Kedes.

10 Und Barak berief Sebulon und Naphtali nach Kedes; und zehntausend Mann zogen in seinem Gefolge hinauf; auch Debora zog mit ihm hinauf.

11 (Heber aber, der Keniter, hatte sich von den Kenitern, den Kindern Hobabs, des Schwagers Moses, getrennt; und er hatte seine Zelte aufgeschlagen bis an die Terebinthe zu Zaanannim, das neben Kedes liegt.)

12 Und man berichtete dem Sisera, daß Barak, der Sohn Abinoams, auf den Berg Tabor hinaufgezogen wäre.

13 Da berief Sisera alle seine Wagen, neunhundert eiserne Wagen, und alles Volk, das mit ihm war, von Haroscheth-Gojim an den Bach Kison.

14 Und Debora sprach zu Barak: Mache dich auf! Denn dies ist der Tag, da Jehova den Sisera in deine Hand gegeben hat. Ist nicht Jehova ausgezogen vor dir her? Und Barak stieg von dem Berge Tabor hinab, und zehntausend Mann ihm nach.

15 Und Jehova verwirrte Sisera und alle seine Wagen und das ganze Heerlager durch die Schärfe des Schwertes vor Barak her; und Sisera stieg von dem Wagen herab und floh zu Fuß.

16 Barak aber jagte den Wagen und dem Heere nach bis Haroscheth-Gojim; und das ganze Heer Siseras fiel durch die Schärfe des Schwertes: Es blieb auch nicht einer übrig.

17 Und Sisera floh zu Fuß in das Zelt Jaels, des Weibes Hebers, des Keniters; denn es war Friede zwischen Jabin, dem König von Hazor, und dem Hause Hebers, des Keniters.

18 Da ging Jael hinaus, dem Sisera entgegen; und sie sprach zu ihm: Kehre ein, mein Herr, kehre ein zu mir, fürchte dich nicht! Und er kehrte ein zu ihr in das Zelt, und sie bedeckte ihn mit einer Decke.

19 Und er sprach zu ihr: Laß mich doch ein wenig Wasser trinken, denn mich dürstet. Und sie öffnete den Milchschlauch und ließ ihn trinken, und sie deckte ihn zu.

20 Und er sprach zu ihr: Stelle dich an den Eingang des Zeltes; und es geschehe, wenn jemand kommt und dich fragt und spricht: Ist jemand hier? So sage: Niemand.

21 Und Jael, das Weib Hebers, nahm einen Zeltpflock und faßte den Hammer in ihre Hand, und sie kam leise zu ihm und schlug den Pflock durch seine Schläfe, daß er in die Erde drang. Er war nämlich in einen tiefen Schlaf gefallen und war ermattet, und er starb.

22 Und siehe, da kam Barak, der Sisera verfolgte; und Jael ging hinaus, ihm entgegen, und sprach zu ihm: Komm, ich will dir den Mann zeigen, den du suchst! Und er ging zu ihr hinein, und siehe, Sisera lag tot, und der Pflock war in seiner Schläfe.

23 So beugte Gott an selbigem Tage Jabin, den König von Kanaan, vor den Kindern Israel.

24 Und die Hand der Kinder Israel wurde fort und fort härter über Jabin, den König von Kanaan, bis sie Jabin, den König von Kanaan, vernichtet hatten.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Judges 4

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 4: Deborah

Yet again, the children of Israel had disobeyed the Lord. At this point in time, they had been under the yoke of Jabin, a Canaanite king, for twenty years. He had nine hundred chariots of iron, and was apparently very powerful.

The Lord raised up Deborah, a prophetess, to free the Israelites from oppression under Jabin. The text says that she would pass judgements for the children of Israel while she sat under the palm tree of Deborah.

Deborah summoned Barak, an army officer, and told him to go with ten thousand men from the tribes of Naphtali and Zebulun to fight King Jabin’s armies. Barak said he would only go if Deborah went as well, so she agreed to join him. Deborah then prophesied that Sisera, the enemy commander, would be defeated by a woman.

The two armies clashed at by the River Kishon, and all of Sisera’s men were killed. Sisera then fled to the tent of Heber, an Israelite who was on peaceful terms with King Jabin. Jael, Heber’s wife, invited Sisera to come in with the comforting words, “fear not”. She covered him with a blanket, gave him milk to drink, and let him sleep there.

Then Jael quietly took a tent peg and drove it into Sisera’s temple using a hammer, so that the peg stuck in the earth. When Barak came to the tent, pursuing Sisera, Jael went out to tell him, “come, and I will show you the man you seek.” And she showed him Sisera, dead, with a peg through his temple.

So Jabin’s army was defeated that day, and Israel grew stronger until their oppression under Jabin came to an end.

*****

Deborah is an especially significant character in the Bible, because she was the only female judge of Israel. It was very unusual for a woman in those times to rise to power, yet she truly earned the respect of her people. Deborah, as a woman, stands for the nurturing power of the Word to strengthen us during regeneration. Her name means ‘a bee’, but this comes from a word meaning ‘to speak’ – here, to speak the Word. Bees make honey; honey is nutritious; God’s word is our nourishment (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 3424[2]).

The fact that Deborah judged from under a palm tree may seem like a passing detail, but even this contributes to the spiritual meaning of the story. Palm trees stand for the divine truths of the Word, which means that Deborah was judging the people from her understanding of the Lord’s truths.

King Jabin’s nine hundred iron chariots represent the apparent power of false beliefs, thoughts and persuasions over us. The number ‘nine’ stands for something which is complete, and ‘iron’ here stands for either natural truths or falsities. A ‘chariot’, being pulled by a horse, always stands for a set of teachings or doctrine. These three symbols add to the picture of a very powerful enemy: false ideas and views that can weaken and overwhelm us (Arcana Caelestia 4720[2]).

The spiritual meaning of the complex arrangement between Barak and Deborah is that we can only deal with our spiritual conflicts if we take the Word’s power (Deborah) with us. Barak, a man, represents the power of truth, but Deborah says a woman will gain victory over Sisera. The feminine stands for the power of love: our charity, our affection for good, and our wish to be useful. These qualities are always essential in our spiritual life (see Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 1120[2]).

The story about Jael and Sisera is really about actively resisting the temptations of evil in our lives. Jael, a woman, stands for the power of good to overcome what is false in our mind. Driving the tent peg through Sisera’s head stands for the complete destruction of what is false. Driving it right through and into the ground stands for the power of good in our life and in our regeneration, because the ground represents our actions (Arcana Caelestia 268).

When Barak and Jael meet, it stands for the unity between good (Jael, a woman) and truth (Barak, a man). This unity of good and truth appears again at the start of the next chapter, in which Deborah and Barak sing of Israel’s victory.

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Judges 4

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1 And the children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, when Ehud was dead.

2 And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, which dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles.

3 And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD: for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel.

4 And Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lapidoth, she judged Israel at that time.

5 And she dwelt under the palm tree of Deborah between Ramah and Bethel in mount Ephraim: and the children of Israel came up to her for judgment.

6 And she sent and called Barak the son of Abinoam out of Kedesh-naphtali, and said unto him, Hath not the LORD God of Israel commanded, saying, Go and draw toward mount Tabor, and take with thee ten thousand men of the children of naphtali and of the children of Zebulun?

7 And I will draw unto thee to the river Kishon Sisera, the captain of Jabin's army, with his chariots and his multitude; and I will deliver him into thine hand.

8 And Barak said unto her, If thou wilt go with me, then I will go: but if thou wilt not go with me, then I will not go.

9 And she said, I will surely go with thee: notwithstanding the journey that thou takest shall not be for thine honour; for the LORD shall sell Sisera into the hand of a woman. And Deborah arose, and went with Barak to Kedesh.

10 And Barak called Zebulun and Naphtali to Kedesh; and he went up with ten thousand men at his feet: and Deborah went up with him.

11 Now Heber the Kenite, which was of the children of Hobab the father in law of Moses, had severed himself from the Kenites, and pitched his tent unto the plain of Zaanaim, which is by Kedesh.

12 And they shewed Sisera that Barak the son of Abinoam was gone up to mount Tabor.

13 And Sisera gathered together all his chariots, even nine hundred chariots of iron, and all the people that were with him, from Harosheth of the Gentiles unto the river of Kishon.

14 And Deborah said unto Barak, Up; for this is the day in which the LORD hath delivered Sisera into thine hand: is not the LORD gone out before thee? So Barak went down from mount Tabor, and ten thousand men after him.

15 And the LORD discomfited Sisera, and all his chariots, and all his host, with the edge of the sword before Barak; so that Sisera lighted down off his chariot, and fled away on his feet.

16 But Barak pursued after the chariots, and after the host, unto Harosheth of the Gentiles: and all the host of Sisera fell upon the edge of the sword; and there was not a man left.

17 Howbeit Sisera fled away on his feet to the tent of Jael the wife of Heber the Kenite: for there was peace between Jabin the king of Hazor and the house of Heber the Kenite.

18 And Jael went out to meet Sisera, and said unto him, Turn in, my lord, Turn in to me; fear not. And when he had turned in unto her into the tent, she covered him with a mantle.

19 And he said unto her, Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink; for I am thirsty. And she opened a bottle of milk, and gave him drink, and covered him.

20 Again he said unto her, Stand in the door of the tent, and it shall be, when any man doth come and inquire of thee, and say, Is there any man here? that thou shalt say, No.

21 Then Jael Heber's wife took a nail of the tent, and took an hammer in her hand, and went softly unto him, and smote the nail into his temples, and fastened it into the ground: for he was fast asleep and weary. So he died.

22 And, behold, as Barak pursued Sisera, Jael came out to meet him, and said unto him, Come, and I will shew thee the man whom thou seekest. And when he came into her tent, behold, Sisera lay dead, and the nail was in his temples.

23 So God subdued on that day Jabin the king of Canaan before the children of Israel.

24 And the hand of the children of Israel prospered, and prevailed against Jabin the king of Canaan, until they had destroyed Jabin king of Canaan.