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Josua 5

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1 Und es geschah, als alle Könige der Amoriter, die diesseit des Jordan westwärts, und alle Könige der Kanaaniter, die am Meere waren, hörten, daß Jehova die Wasser des Jordan vor den Kindern Israel ausgetrocknet hatte, bis wir (Nach and. Lesart: sie) hinübergezogen waren, da zerschmolz ihr Herz, und es war kein Mut mehr in ihnen vor den Kindern Israel.

2 In selbiger Zeit sprach Jehova zu Josua: Mache dir Steinmesser (And. üb.: scharfe Messer) und beschneide wiederum die Kinder Israel zum zweiten Male.

3 Und Josua machte sich Steinmesser und beschnitt die Kinder Israel am Hügel Araloth. (d. h. der Vorhäute)

4 Und dies ist die Sache, warum Josua sie beschnitt: Das ganze Volk, das aus Ägypten gezogen war, die Männlichen, alle Kriegsleute, waren in der Wüste gestorben, auf dem Wege, als sie aus Ägypten zogen.

5 Denn das ganze Volk, welches auszog, war beschnitten; aber das ganze Volk, das in der Wüste geboren war, auf dem Wege, als sie aus Ägypten zogen, hatte man nicht beschnitten.

6 Denn die Kinder Israel wanderten vierzig Jahre in der Wüste, bis die ganze Nation der Kriegsleute, die aus Ägypten gezogen, aufgerieben war, welche nicht gehört hatten auf die Stimme Jehovas, denen Jehova geschworen hatte, sie das Land nicht sehen zu lassen, welches Jehova ihren Vätern geschworen hatte, uns zu geben, ein Land, das von Milch und Honig fließt.

7 Und ihre Söhne, die er an ihrer Statt aufkommen ließ, diese beschnitt Josua; denn sie hatten Vorhaut, weil man sie auf dem Wege nicht beschnitten hatte.

8 Und es geschah, als die ganze Nation vollends beschnitten war, da blieben sie an ihrem Orte im Lager, bis sie heil waren.

9 Und Jehova sprach zu Josua: Heute habe ich die Schande Ägyptens von euch abgewälzt. Und man gab selbigem Orte den Namen Gilgal (Abwälzung) bis auf diesen Tag.

10 Und die Kinder Israel lagerten in Gilgal; und sie feierten das Passah am vierzehnten Tage des Monats, am Abend, in den Ebenen von Jericho.

11 Und sie aßen am anderen Tage nach dem Passah von dem Erzeugnis (O. Getreide) des Landes, ungesäuertes Brot und geröstete Körner, an diesem selbigen Tage.

12 Und das Man hörte auf am anderen Tage, als sie von dem Erzeugnis (O. Getreide) des Landes aßen, und es gab für die Kinder Israel kein Man mehr; und sie aßen von dem Ertrage des Landes Kanaan in jenem Jahre.

13 Und es geschah, als Josua bei Jericho war, da erhob er seine Augen auf und sah: und siehe, ein Mann stand vor ihm, und sein Schwert gezückt in seiner Hand. Und Josua ging auf ihn zu und sprach zu ihm: Bist du für uns oder für unsere Feinde (O. Gehörst du zu uns oder zu unseren Feinden??)

14 Und er sprach: Nein, sondern als der Oberste des Heeres Jehovas bin ich (O. sondern ich bin der Oberste…, ich bin) jetzt gekommen. Da fiel Josua auf sein Angesicht zur Erde und huldigte (Anderswo: sich niederwerfen, anbeten) ihm und sprach zu ihm: Was redet mein Herr zu seinem Knechte?

15 Und der Oberste des Heeres Jehovas sprach zu Josua: Ziehe deinen Schuh aus von deinem Fuße; denn der Ort, auf dem du stehst, ist heilig! Und Josua tat also.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 5

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 5: The Circumcision and the Passover

In this chapter, the Israelites are now in the land of Canaan, and local Amorite and Canaanite kings lose heart to oppose them because of God’s miracle at the river Jordan.

God tells Joshua to circumcise all the men who were born since they left Egypt, because none were circumcised in the wilderness, and their fathers who were have now all died. So Joshua obeys, requiring circumcision of all the men of Israel.

As a result, God says to Joshua : “I have this day rolled away the stain of Egypt from you.” The place was therefore called Gilgal, which means “rolling”. The Children of Israel camped there till they were healed. They then ate the Passover using the food of the land for the very first time, and the daily manna, which had been provided by God every day in the wilderness, stopped.

Then, Joshua has an encounter with an angel:

When Joshua lifted his eyes he saw a man opposite him with a drawn sword in his hand. Joshua asked him, “Are you for us or for our adversaries?” The man answered, “No, but as Commander of the army of the Lord I have now come.” Joshua fell and worshipped and asked what he should do? The man said, “Take your sandal off your foot, for the place where you stand is holy”. And Joshua did so.

Note that this chapter is the very first one when the Israelites are in Canaan, and straightaway two important Jewish rituals are carried out – circumcision and the Passover. Circumcision is the cutting off of the foreskin. It means to become purified from loving oneself and the world, and the outer things of life, and to be righteous before God inwardly. (See Arcana Caelestia 2102.)

This meaning helps us see why elsewhere in the Bible it often talks about “circumcising your heart”. The circumcision in Canaan was to mark the new generation, which spiritually for us means that our regeneration always involves new states. (True Christian Religion 601)

The Passover was originally a meal to mark leaving slavery in Egypt, so it is very appropriate for celebrating entering the promised land. The spiritual meaning of the Passover is rich and complex, but, put simply, it is about the presence of the Lord with us, especially when we attribute life’s good events and blessings to the presence of God. “The Lord has done this for me… The Lord has done that for us.” (Arcana Caelestia 7902) The reason that it is a meal is that we share meals together, often in families, and spiritually everything in us comes together to be joyful and thankful.

The first camp of the Israelites in Canaan was at Gilgal, a place close to Jericho, the name of which means “rolling”. We’ve looked at its connection with circumcision but more generally, to ‘roll’ is to move forward, move on, keep going. This is a powerful early-in-the-story description of our regeneration, with its trials and blessings, both of which aim to keep us moving forward to be evermore in the life the Lord wants us to have. (Arcana Caelestia 8911)

With all this early first feeling of having finally got to Canaan, the land which God had always promised to give them, it is so very appropriate that Joshua is met by a militant angel of the Lord, the Commander of the army of the Lord. (Arcana Caelestia 7277). Note carefully that when Joshua asks if he is for us or for our enemies, the Commander says “No.” Spiritually this is very significant because the Lord uses everything – good and evil – peace and temptation – to lead us towards heaven.

The Commander declares that Joshua is to remove his sandal from off his foot because where he stands, this is holy ground. Spiritually, “holy ground” is the whole sweep of life, and our sense that all of it is the Lord’s gift to us. (See Arcana Caelestia 566, 1585)

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True Christian Religion # 601

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601. VIII. When a person is regenerated, he acquires a new will and a new understanding.

The present-day church is aware that, when a person is regenerated, he is renewed or becomes a new person; this is evident both from the Word and from reason. These passages from the Word prove this:

Make yourself a new heart and a new spirit; why will you die, o house of Israel? Ezekiel 18:31.

I will give you a new heart and a new spirit in your midst, and I will take away the heart of stone from your flesh; and I will give you a heart of flesh, and I will put my spirit in your midst, Ezekiel 36:26-27.

From now on we know no one according to the flesh; so if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creature. 2 Corinthians 5:16-17.

A new heart in these passages means a new will, a new spirit means a new understanding. For heart in the Word stands for the will, and spirit, when linked with the heart, for the understanding.

The argument from reason is: when a person is regenerated he has a new will and a new understanding because these two faculties are what make him a human being, and it is these which are regenerated. Everyone, therefore, is such as he is in these two respects. If his will is evil, he is evil, and the more so if his understanding favours evil; and the reverse is true, if his will is good. It is only religion which renews and regenerates a person. Religion is allotted the highest place in the human mind, and sees below it the social matters which concern the world. Religion too climbs up through these as the pure sap rises in a tree to its top, and from that lofty position it has a view of natural matters, just as someone on a tower or a mountain has a view of the plains beneath.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.