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Josué 13

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1 Josué était vieux, avancé en âge. L'Eternel lui dit alors: Tu es devenu vieux, tu es avancé en âge, et le pays qui te reste à soumettre est très grand.

2 Voici le pays qui reste: tous les districts des Philistins et tout le territoire des Gueschuriens,

3 depuis le Schichor qui coule devant l'Egypte jusqu'à la frontière d'Ekron au nord, contrée qui doit être tenue pour cananéenne, et qui est occupée par les cinq princes des Philistins, celui de Gaza, celui d'Asdod, celui d'Askalon, celui de Gath et celui d'Ekron, et par les Avviens;

4 partir du midi, tout le pays des Cananéens, et Meara qui est aux Sidoniens, jusqu'à Aphek, jusqu'à la frontière des Amoréens;

5 le pays des Guibliens, et tout le Liban vers le soleil levant, depuis Baal-Gad au pied de la montagne d'Hermon jusqu'à l'entrée de Hamath;

6 tous les habitants de la montagne, depuis le Liban jusqu'à Misrephoth-Maïm, tous les Sidoniens. Je les chasserai devant les enfants d'Israël. Donne seulement ce pays en héritage par le sort à Israël, comme je te l'ai prescrit;

7 et divise maintenant ce pays par portions entre les neuf tribus et la demi-tribu de Manassé.

8 Les Rubénites et les Gadites, avec l'autre moitié de la tribu de Manassé, ont reçu leur héritage, que Moïse leur a donné de l'autre côté du Jourdain, à l'orient, comme le leur a donné Moïse, serviteur de l'Eternel:

9 depuis Aroër sur les bords du torrent de l'Arnon, et depuis la ville qui est au milieu de la vallée, toute la plaine de Médeba, jusqu'à Dibon;

10 toutes les villes de Sihon, roi des Amoréens, qui régnait à Hesbon, jusqu'à la frontière des enfants d'Ammon;

11 Galaad, le territoire des Gueschuriens et des Maacathiens, toute la montagne d'Hermon, et tout Basan, jusqu'à Salca;

12 tout le royaume d'Og en Basan, qui régnait à Aschtaroth et à Edréï, et qui était le seul reste des Rephaïm. Moïse battit ces rois, et les chassa.

13 Mais les enfants d'Israël ne chassèrent point les Gueschuriens et les Maacathiens, qui ont habité au milieu d'Israël jusqu'à ce jour.

14 La tribu de Lévi fut la seule à laquelle Moïse ne donna point d'héritage; les sacrifices consumés par le feu devant l'Eternel, le Dieu d'Israël, tel fut son héritage, comme il le lui avait dit.

15 Moïse avait donné à la tribu des fils de Ruben une part selon leurs familles.

16 Ils eurent pour territoire, à partir d'Aroër sur les bords du torrent d'Arnon, et de la ville qui est au milieu de la vallée, toute la plaine près de Médeba,

17 Hesbon et toutes ses villes dans la plaine, Dibon, Bamoth-Baal, Beth-Baal-Meon,

18 Jahats, Kedémoth, Méphaath,

19 Kirjathaïm, Sibma, Tséreth-Haschachar sur la montagne de la vallée,

20 Beth-Peor, les coteaux du Pisga, Beth-Jeschimoth,

21 toutes les villes de la plaine, et tout le royaume de Sihon, roi des Amoréens, qui régnait à Hesbon: Moïse l'avait battu, lui et les princes de Madian, Evi, Rékem, Tsur, Hur et Réba, princes qui relevaient de Sihon et qui habitaient dans le pays.

22 Parmi ceux que tuèrent les enfants d'Israël, ils avaient aussi fait périr avec l'épée le devin Balaam, fils de Beor.

23 Le Jourdain servait de limite au territoire des fils de Ruben. Voilà l'héritage des fils de Ruben selon leurs familles; les villes et leurs villages.

24 Moïse avait donné à la tribu de Gad, aux fils de Gad, une part selon leurs familles.

25 Ils eurent pour territoire Jaezer, toutes les villes de Galaad, la moitié du pays des enfants d'Ammon jusqu'à Aroër vis-à-vis de Rabba,

26 depuis Hesbon jusqu'à Ramath-Mitspé et Bethonim, depuis Mahanaïm jusqu'à la frontière de Debir,

27 et, dans la vallée, Beth-Haram, Beth-Nimra, Succoth et Tsaphon, reste du royaume de Sihon, roi de Hesbon, ayant le Jourdain pour limite jusqu'à l'extrémité de la mer de Kinnéreth de l'autre côté du Jourdain, à l'orient.

28 Voilà l'héritage des fils de Gad selon leurs familles; les villes et leurs villages.

29 Moïse avait donné à la demi-tribu de Manassé, aux fils de Manassé, une part selon leurs familles.

30 Ils eurent pour territoire, à partir de Mahanaïm, tout Basan, tout le royaume d'Og, roi de Basan, et tous les bourgs de Jaïr en Basan, soixante villes.

31 La moitié de Galaad, Aschtaroth et Edréï, villes du royaume d'Og en Basan, échurent aux fils de Makir, fils de Manassé, à la moitié des fils de Makir, selon leurs familles.

32 Telles sont les parts que fit Moïse, lorsqu'il était dans les plaines de Moab, de l'autre côté du Jourdain, vis-à-vis de Jéricho, à l'orient.

33 Moïse ne donna point d'héritage à la tribu de Lévi; l'Eternel, le Dieu d'Israël, tel fut son héritage, comme il le lui avait dit.

   

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 13

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 13: The start of the tribal territory allocations.

Now that Israel had conquered the land of Canaan, the Lord commanded Joshua to divide the land between the twelve tribes. The next seven chapters tell how the the land of Canaan was divided (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 1413, to read more about the spiritual meaning).

Chapter 13 deals with the territories given to the tribes of Reuben, Gad and one half of Manasseh, all of which are on the other side of the river Jordan. Reuben was given the southern lands; Gad was given the extensive middle region, much of which is an area called Gilead; and half the tribe of Manasseh received the northern land which is on the other side of the Jordan.

It is also worth noting that the first few verses say much of the land remained to be conquered. However, at the end of chapter 11, we read that Joshua took the whole land as the Lord had commanded Moses.

This may seem contradictory, but spiritually it fits very well. In our regeneration, we aim to conquer our self-centred nature, and allow the Lord to rule us with his truth. This is spiritually ‘conquering the whole land’. But even so, our natural thoughts and desires sometimes rise up to trouble us, and these times are like the parts of the land that remain to be conquered. This is why we must recognize our complete dependence on the Lord (Arcana Caelestia 8326).

The Lord giving land as inheritance to each of the twelve tribes represents the way that He gives us our spiritual life. As we do the work of spiritual ‘conquering’ - living by our purpose to serve the Lord - we feel more and more that we can use our understanding of God and His Word in our actions every day.

The twelve tribes stand for the whole spectrum of what spiritual life involves, and each tribe relates to a specific quality of our spiritual living (Arcana Caelestia 3858). For example, we need to be discerning, positive, respectful of others, and so on. Each tribe has a sizeable area of the land, and is part of the integrity of the whole nation.

The territories given to Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh are not part of Canaan, but they are linked to it. These areas represent our outward life: the way we work, live, rest, and relate with other people. This is the ‘casing’ of our spiritual life, and it is essential.

The tribe of Reuben – the eldest son of Jacob – stands for our initial need to see the truths from the Lord in the Word. By ‘seeing’ we mean meeting them, looking carefully, being attentive, coming to understand what they ask of us, and realising how important they are. It is not a vague impression that the Lord’s teachings are important, but a real first step for us (Arcana Caelestia 3866).

The tribe of Gad stands for our ability to see that knowledge and truth need to be used to perform good works. Gad’s name means ‘a troop,’ calling to mind soldiers marching in formation to go and sort things out properly. This is something we can apply to ourselves and to the world around us. We just need to watch that it doesn’t get too heavy-handed (See Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 435[7]).

The tribe of Manasseh represents the spiritual good which supports our will to live a life which is just, fair and honourable because it is based on God. In fact, Manasseh – which means ‘forgetfulness’ – stands for our need to remember that ‘my will’ is really ‘the Lord’s will for me’. Our will needs to be focused on outward life and also inwardly open to the Lord, which is why half of Manasseh has land beyond the Jordan and half has land within Canaan (Arcana Caelestia 5353).

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Joshua 13

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1 Now Joshua was old and stricken in years; and the LORD said unto him, Thou art old and stricken in years, and there remaineth yet very much land to be possessed.

2 This is the land that yet remaineth: all the borders of the Philistines, and all Geshuri,

3 From Sihor, which is before Egypt, even unto the borders of Ekron northward, which is counted to the Canaanite: five lords of the Philistines; the Gazathites, and the Ashdothites, the Eshkalonites, the Gittites, and the Ekronites; also the Avites:

4 From the south, all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah that is beside the Sidonians, unto Aphek, to the borders of the Amorites:

5 And the land of the Giblites, and all Lebanon, toward the sunrising, from Baal-gad under mount Hermon unto the entering into Hamath.

6 All the inhabitants of the hill country from Lebanon unto Misrephoth-maim, and all the Sidonians, them will I drive out from before the children of Israel: only divide thou it by lot unto the Israelites for an inheritance, as I have commanded thee.

7 Now therefore divide this land for an inheritance unto the nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh,

8 With whom the Reubenites and the Gadites have received their inheritance, which Moses gave them, beyond Jordan eastward, even as Moses the servant of the LORD gave them;

9 From Aroer, that is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and the city that is in the midst of the river, and all the plain of Medeba unto Dibon;

10 And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon;

11 And Gilead, and the border of the Geshurites and Maachathites, and all mount Hermon, and all Bashan unto Salcah;

12 All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants: for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.

13 Nevertheless the children of Israel expelled not the Geshurites, nor the Maachathites: but the Geshurites and the Maachathites dwell among the Israelites until this day.

14 Only unto the tribe of Levi he gave none inheritance; the sacrifices of the LORD God of Israel made by fire are their inheritance, as he said unto them.

15 And Moses gave unto the tribe of the children of Reuben inheritance according to their families.

16 And their coast was from Aroer, that is on the bank of the river Arnon, and the city that is in the midst of the river, and all the plain by Medeba;

17 Heshbon, and all her cities that are in the plain; Dibon, and Bamoth-baal, and Beth-baal-meon,

18 And Jahazah, and Kedemoth, and Mephaath,

19 And Kirjathaim, and Sibmah, and Zareth-shahar in the mount of the valley,

20 And Beth-peor, and Ashdoth-pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth,

21 And all the cities of the plain, and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, whom Moses smote with the princes of Midian, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, which were dukes of Sihon, dwelling in the country.

22 Balaam also the son of Beor, the soothsayer, did the children of Israel slay with the sword among them that were slain by them.

23 And the border of the children of Reuben was Jordan, and the border thereof. This was the inheritance of the children of Reuben after their families, the cities and the villages thereof.

24 And Moses gave inheritance unto the tribe of Gad, even unto the children of Gad according to their families.

25 And their coast was Jazer, and all the cities of Gilead, and half the land of the children of Ammon, unto Aroer that is before Rabbah;

26 And from Heshbon unto Ramath-mizpeh, and Betonim; and from Mahanaim unto the border of Debir;

27 And in the valley, Beth-aram, and Beth-nimrah, and Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, Jordan and his border, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth on the other side Jordan eastward.

28 This is the inheritance of the children of Gad after their families, the cities, and their villages.

29 And Moses gave inheritance unto the half tribe of Manasseh: and this was the possession of the half tribe of the children of Manasseh by their families.

30 And their coast was from Mahanaim, all Bashan, all the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the towns of Jair, which are in Bashan, threescore cities:

31 And half Gilead, and Ashtaroth, and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan, were pertaining unto the children of Machir the son of Manasseh, even to the one half of the children of Machir by their families.

32 These are the countries which Moses did distribute for inheritance in the plains of Moab, on the other side Jordan, by Jericho, eastward.

33 But unto the tribe of Levi Moses gave not any inheritance: the LORD God of Israel was their inheritance, as he said unto them.