Bible

 

Joshua 8

Studie

   

1 Ja Issand ütles Joosuale: 'Ära karda ja ära kohku! Võta enesega kaasa kõik sõjamehed, asu teele ja mine üles Aisse. Vaata, ma annan su kätte Ai kuninga ja tema rahva, samuti tema linna ja maa.

2 Talita Aiga ja selle kuningaga, nagu sa talitasid Jeerikoga ja selle kuningaga! Siiski, selle saak ja karjad riisuge endile! Pane varitsejad linna taha!'

3 Ja Joosua asus teele, samuti kõik sõjamehed, et minna üles Aisse. Ja Joosua valis kolmkümmend tuhat meest, vahvat võitlejat, ja saatis need öösel minema.

4 Ja ta andis neile käsu, öeldes: 'Vaadake, teil tuleb varitseda linna tagantpoolt. Ärge minge linnast väga kaugele ja olge kõik valmis!

5 Mina ja kogu see rahvas, kes on koos minuga, läheneme linnale; ja kui nad tulevad välja meie vastu nagu eelmisel korral, siis me põgeneme nende eest.

6 Nemad tulevad siis välja meile järele, kuni me oleme viinud nad linnast eemale, sest nad ütlevad: Nad põgenevad meie eest nagu eelmisel korral. Nõnda me põgeneme nende eest,

7 aga teie tõuske varitsuspaigast ja vallutage linn, sest Issand, teie Jumal, annab selle teie kätte.

8 Ja kui te olete linna vallutanud, siis süüdake linn tulega põlema! Tehke Issanda sõna peale! Vaata, ma olen andnud teile käsu.'

9 Ja Joosua saatis nad minema ja nad läksid varitsuspaika ning asusid Peeteli ja Ai vahele, Aist lääne poole; aga Joosua viibis sel ööl rahva keskel.

10 Ja Joosua tõusis hommikul vara ning luges rahva üle. Siis läksid tema ja Iisraeli vanemad rahva ees üles Ai poole.

11 Ja kõik sõjamehed, kes olid koos temaga, läksid üles, lähenesid ning jõudsid linna ette; nad lõid leeri üles Aist põhja poole, nende ja Ai vahel oli org.

12 Siis ta võttis ligi viis tuhat meest ning pani need varitsema Peeteli ja Ai vahele, linnast lääne poole.

13 Nõnda seati rahvas üles, kogu leer, mis oli linnast põhja pool, ja järelvägi linnast lääne pool; Joosua aga viibis sel ööl orus.

14 Kui Ai kuningas seda nägi, siis tema ja kogu ta rahvas ruttas ja valmistus varakult, ja linna mehed läksid seatud ajal sõtta Iisraeli vastu Araba poole; aga ta ei teadnud, et tal linna taga olid varitsejad.

15 Ja Joosua ja kogu Iisrael laskis end neist lüüa ning nad põgenesid kõrbe poole.

16 Siis hüüti kokku kõik linnas olev rahvas neid taga ajama; ja nad ajasid taga Joosuat, aga nõnda meelitati nad linnast eemale.

17 Aisse ja Peetelisse ei jäänud ainsatki meest, kes ei olnud läinud Iisraelile järele; nad jätsid linna lahti ja ajasid Iisraeli taga.

18 Siis Issand ütles Joosuale: 'Siruta oda, mis sul käes on, Ai poole, sest ma annan selle su kätte!' Ja Joosua sirutas oda, mis tal käes oli, linna poole.

19 Siis varitsejad tõusid kiiresti oma paigast ja jooksid, niipea kui ta oli oma käe välja sirutanud, ja tungisid linna ning vallutasid selle ja süütasid ruttu linna tulega põlema.

20 Ja kui Ai mehed pöördusid ümber ja vaatasid tagasi, ennäe, siis tõusis linnast suits taeva poole. Siis ei olnud neil enam jaksu põgeneda sinna ega tänna, sest see rahvas, kes põgenes kõrbe poole, pöördus ümber, tagaajajaile vastu.

21 Kui Joosua ja kogu Iisrael nägi, et varitsejad olid linna vallutanud ja et linnast tõusis suits, siis pöördusid nad tagasi ja lõid Ai mehi,

22 kellele tuldi linnast vastu, nõnda et nad jäid Iisraeli keskele: ühed olid siitpoolt ja teised sealtpoolt, kes lõid neid maha, kuni neile ei jäänud ainsatki põgenikku ega pääsenut.

23 Ja nad võtsid Ai kuninga kinni elusana ning viisid ta Joosua juurde.

24 Ja kui Iisrael oli tapnud kõik Ai elanikud väljal, kõrbes, kus nad neid taga ajasid, ja need kõik olid viimseni langenud mõõgatera läbi, siis pöördus kogu Iisrael Ai poole ja lõi seda mõõgateraga.

25 Ja kõiki sel päeval langenuid, niihästi mehi kui naisi, oli kaksteist tuhat, kõik Ai elanikud,

26 sest Joosua ei tõmmanud tagasi oma kätt, millega ta oda oli välja sirutanud, kuni kõik Ai elanikud olid hävitatud sootuks.

27 Ainult karjad ja selle linna saagi riisus Iisrael enesele Issanda sõna peale, mille ta oli andnud Joosuale käsuna.

28 Ja Joosua põletas ära Ai linna ning tegi selle igaveseks kivivaremeks, mahajäetuks kuni tänapäevani.

29 Aga Ai kuninga ta poos puusse ja see jäi sinna kuni õhtuni; alles kui päike loojus, andis Joosua käsu ja laip võeti puust maha ning visati linna värava ette; ja tema peale kuhjati suur kivihunnik, mis on seal tänapäevani.

30 Siis Joosua ehitas Eebali mäel altari Issandale, Iisraeli Jumalale,

31 nagu Mooses, Issanda sulane, oli käskinud Iisraeli lapsi, nagu on kirjutatud Moosese Seaduse raamatus, tahumata kividest altari, mille külge ei olnud pandud raudriista; ja nad ohverdasid selle peal Issandale põletusohvreid ja tapsid tänuohvreid.

32 Ja ta kirjutas seal Iisraeli laste ees kivide peale ärakirja Moosese Seadusest, mille tema oli kirja pannud.

33 Esiteks seisid kogu Iisrael, selle vanemad, ülevaatajad ja kohtumõistjad siin- ja sealpool laegast leviitpreestrite ees, kes kandsid Issanda seaduselaegast, niihästi võõrad kui pärismaised, pooled Gerisimi mäe poole ja pooled Eebali mäe poole, nõnda nagu Mooses, Issanda sulane, varem oli käskinud Iisraeli rahvast õnnistada.

34 Ja seejärel ta luges ette kõik Seaduse sõnad, õnnistuse ja needuse, kõik nõnda, nagu Seaduse raamatus oli kirjutatud.

35 Ühtegi sõna kõigest, mida Mooses oli käskinud, ei jätnud Joosua lugemata kogu Iisraeli koguduse ning naiste, väetite laste ja võõraste ees, kes nendega kaasas käisid.

   

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 8941

Prostudujte si tuto pasáž

  
/ 10837  
  

8941. 'You shall not build it with hewn ones' means that it must not be a product of self-intelligence. This is clear from the meaning of 'hewn stones' as the kinds of things which are products of self-intelligence, for 'stones' are truths, 8940, and chiselling or shaping them means producing or fashioning truths, or rather notions made to look like truths, out of the self, that is, out of self-intelligence. For the life in anything produced or fashioned by the self or self-intelligence is derived from the person; and such life is not life at all since the human self or proprium is nothing but evil, 210, 215, 694, 874-876, 987, 1047, 5660, 5786, 8480, whereas what is not derived from the self but from God does have life within it, since God is the source of all life. The subject here is worship of the Lord that springs from truth, for that kind of worship is meant by 'an altar of stones', 8940. .

[2] Truths that inspire worship of the Lord should be derived from nowhere other than the Word; for in every single part the Word has life from God. When truths are derived from the self they have as their end in view rank and prominence over everyone in the world, and also earthly possessions and wealth above everyone. Consequently they hold within them self-love and love of the world, thus all evils in their entirety, 7488, 8318. But truths derived from the Word have eternal life as their end in view; they hold within them love to the Lord and love towards the neighbour, thus all forms of good in their entirety. When truths are produced out of the self or self-intelligence they are the masters over the truths which come from God; for they employ the latter to add strength to themselves. But it ought to be the other way round, that is to say, the truths from God ought to be the masters, and those that are products of self-intelligence to be the servants. Products of the self or self-intelligence are called truths, but they are not really truths; they look like truths solely to outward appearances. For the literal sense of the Word is employed, and reasonings are brought in, to make them look like truths; but inwardly they are falsities. What these things are exactly, and what they are like, see above in 8932.

[3] In the world there are two semblances of religion that exist as a result of self-intelligence. One is that in which self-love and love of the world is everything; in the Word this semblance of religion is called Babel. Inwardly it is profane on account of self-love and love of the world, while outwardly it is holy on account of the Word, which people have employed to add strength to their own ideas. The other semblance of religion is that in which the inferior light of the natural order is everything. Those with this kind of religion acknowledge nothing to be true which they do not apprehend. Some belonging to this seeming religion acknowledge the Word, yet they employ it to add strength to their own ideas; thus they treat it as their servant. Others however do not acknowledge the Word; instead they identify the Divine with the natural order. For the light in which they see, being the inferior light of the natural order, shines only within the natural order and cannot be made brighter by the superior light of heaven, because they cast aside the Word, the source of all enlightenment. Those belonging to both the latter and the former semblances of religion are in hell, because they are devoid of heavenly life, which they cannot receive because they have cast the Word aside. And those of them who have employed the Word to add strength to their own ideas have set no value at all on it in their hearts; yet because it has had power and authority among the common people they have used it to serve them in this way, in order that false notions fashioned by their own intelligence might thereby be validated. From all this one may see what is meant in the spiritual sense by the command that no altar of hewn stones was to be built.

[4] 'Hewn stone' means that which is a product of self-intelligence in the following places as well: In Isaiah,

In order that [all] the people may know, Ephraim and the inhabitant of Samaria, on account of pride and arrogance of heart, saying, The bricks have fallen and we will build from hewn stone. Isaiah 9:9-10.

In Jeremiah,

Even if I cry and shout, He has shut out my prayers. He has fenced round my ways with hewn stone, He has overturned my paths. Lamentations 3:8-9.

In Amos,

Because you tread down the crushed, and seize from him the burden of grain, you will build houses of hewn stone, yet you will not dwell in them. Amos 5:11.

'Hewn stone' here stands for the kinds of things that self-intelligence produces in matters of faith.

[5] Since those things were meant by 'hewn stone', the altar first built in the land of Canaan by the children of Israel after they crossed the Jordan was built of unhewn stones; for crossing over Jordan represented introduction into the Lord's kingdom, which is accomplished by means of the truths of faith. That altar is spoken of as follows in Joshua,

Joshua built an altar to Jehovah God of Israel on Mount Ebal, as Moses the servant of Jehovah had commanded the children of Israel, An altar of whole stones over which no one has wielded any iron tool. 1 Joshua 8:30-31; Deuteronomy 27:1-8.

[6] The temple in Jerusalem likewise was built of whole, not hewn, stones. This is referred to in the first Book of Kings as follows,

As regards the house itself, when it was being built it was built of whole stone, as it had been brought [there]; for not a hammer or axe, [nor] any tool of iron, was heard in the house while it was being built. 1 Kings 6:7.

For by 'the temple of the Lord' was represented the Lord in respect of Divine Truth. The Lord Himself teaches that He was represented by the temple, in John 2:19, 21-22; and the reason why He was represented in respect of Divine Truth was that Divine Truth was taught there. This also was why it was built of stones; for 'stones' meant Divine Truth, 8940. And it also explains why the Lord was called 'the Stone of Israel', 6426.

[7] From all this one may now see what was meant by the stone of the altar, and also what was meant by the stone of the temple, as well as what was meant by the requirement that they were to be whole stones, and not hewn, namely this: Religion should be composed of truths derived from the Lord, thus from the Word, and not from self-intelligence. Products of self-intelligence are also described in the following way in Isaiah,

The craftsman casts a graven image, and a goldsmith overlays it with gold and casts silver chains for it. He seeks a skilled 2 craftsman to make ready a graven image. Isaiah 40:19-20.

'A graven image' stands for some religious fabrication that is a product of the proprium or self, put forward to be venerated as what is Divine, 8869. 'The craftsman' stands for those who from self produce and fashion things. Their attempt to make these things look like truths is described by '[a goldsmith! overlays it with gold, and casts chains made of silver' and 'he seeks a skilled craftsman'.

[8] In the same prophet,

Makers of the graven image, all are vanity. All his companions will be ashamed; and the workmen themselves ... He fashions the iron with tongs, and works it with the coals, and forms it with sharp hammers; so he makes it with his strong arm. 3 He fashions pieces of wood, stretches out a cord, and marks it off with a ruler. He makes it into its angles, and marks it out with a ring, so that he may make it in the form of a man (vir), according to the beauty of a human being, to dwell in the house. Isaiah 44:9, 11-13.

This too describes a religious fabrication that is a product of self-intelligence. Something similar occurs in Jeremiah,

The customs 4 of the nations are vanity. Since indeed one cuts out wood from the forest, the work of the hands of the workman using an axe, he decorates it with silver and gold; and they make it firm 5 with pegs and hammers. Jeremiah 10:3-4.

And also in Hosea,

Nonetheless they now sin more and more, and make for themselves a molten image from silver, idols by their own intelligence, completely the work of craftsmen. Hosea 13:2

A religious fabrication, produced out of self-intelligence and not derived from the Word, is meant in the internal sense by 'idols' and 'strange gods', by 'molten images' and 'graven images'. Products of the self are nothing else; for in themselves they are dead, even though venerated as living.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, upon which he has not moved iron

2. literally, intelligent

3. lit the arm of his strength

4. lit statutes

5. The Latin means he makes firm but the Hebrew means they make firm, which Swedenborg has in other places where he quotes this verse.

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.