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Deuteronoomia 19

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1 Kui Issand, su Jumal, on hävitanud need rahvad, kelle maa Issand, su Jumal, annab sulle, ja kui sa oled nad välja tõrjunud ning elad nende linnades ja kodades,

2 siis eralda enesele kolm linna keset oma maad, mille Issand, su Jumal, annab sulle pärida.

3 Ehita enesele teed ja jaota kolmeks oma maa-ala, mille Issand, su Jumal, annab sulle pärisosaks, ja see sündigu selleks, et sinna võiks põgeneda iga tapja.

4 Ja nõnda on lugu tapjaga, kes põgeneb sinna, et jääda elama: kui keegi tahtmatult tapab oma ligimese ega ole teda varem vihanud,

5 nõnda nagu see, kes läheb oma ligimesega metsa puid raiuma ja ta käsi viibutab kirvest, et langetada puud, aga raud lendab ära varre otsast ja tabab ligimest, nõnda et ta sureb - see võib põgeneda ühte neist linnadest, et ta võiks jääda elama,

6 et veritasunõudja ei ajaks tapjat taga, kui ta süda ägestub, ega saaks teda kätte juhul, kui tee on pikk, ega lööks teda hingetuks - ei ole too ju surma väärt, sest ta ei ole teda varem vihanud.

7 Seepärast ma käsin sind ja ütlen: Eralda enesele kolm linna!

8 Ja kui Issand, sinu Jumal, laiendab su maa-ala, nagu ta su vanemaile on vandega tõotanud, ja annab sulle kogu selle maa, mille ta on lubanud anda su vanemaile,

9 kui sa hoolsasti pead kõiki neid käske, tehes, mis mina täna sind käsin, armastades Issandat, oma Jumalat, ja käies tema teedel kogu oma eluaja, siis lisa veel kolm linna juurde neile kolmele,

10 et ei valataks süütut verd su maal, mille Issand, su Jumal, annab sulle pärisosaks, ega tuleks veresüü sinu peale.

11 Aga kui keegi vihkab oma ligimest ja varitseb teda ja kipub temale kallale ja lööb ta surnuks ning põgeneb ühte neist linnadest,

12 siis tema linna vanemad läkitagu järele ja lasku ta sealt ära tuua, andku ta veritasunõudja kätte ja ta surgu!

13 Su silm ärgu andku temale armu, vaid kõrvalda süütult valatav veri Iisraelist, et su käsi hästi käiks!

14 Ära nihuta paigast oma ligimese esivanemate poolt pandud piirimärki su pärisosas, mille sa pärid maal, mille Issand, su Jumal, annab sulle pärida!

15 Ärgu astugu kellegi vastu üles ainult üks tunnistaja mõne süüteo või mõne patu pärast, ükskõik missuguse tehtud patu pärast - alles kahe või kolme tunnistaja sõna põhjal saab asi selgeks.

16 Kui valetunnistaja astub üles kellegi vastu, süüdistades teda mõnes üleastumises,

17 siis astugu mõlemad mehed, kes on riius, Issanda ette, preestrite ja neil päevil olevate kohtumõistjate ette.

18 Ja kohtumõistjad kuulaku hästi järele, ja vaata, kui tunnistaja on valetunnistaja, kes on valet tunnistanud oma venna kohta,

19 siis te peate temaga talitama nõnda, kuidas tema mõtles talitada oma vennaga. Nõnda kõrvalda kurjus enese keskelt!

20 Sellest kuulgu ka teised ja kartku, nõnda et nad enam kunagi ei tee niisugust kurja su keskel!

21 Su silm ärgu andku armu: hing hinge vastu, silm silma vastu, hammas hamba vastu, käsi käe vastu, jalg jala vastu!

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 8908

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8908. 'You shall not answer as a witness of a lie against your neighbour' means that good must not be called evil, nor truth falsity, and conversely that evil must not be called good, nor falsity truth. This is clear from the meaning of 'witness of a lie' as the confirmation of falsity. For the meaning of 'witness' as confirmation, see 4197; and the meaning of 'a lie' as falsity of faith will be evident from what follows below. 'Answering against the neighbour' is speaking to someone in that manner; for 'neighbour' means any and every person, in particular everyone governed by good, and in the abstract sense good itself, 3419, 5025, 6704, 6706-6711, 6818, 8123, so that in the internal sense 'you shall not answer as the witness of a lie against your neighbour' means not saying what is false to anyone, that is, not saying that good is evil and truth is falsity, or vice versa.

[2] What this implies must be explained briefly. None who are ruled by self-love or by love of the world, that is, whose end in view is either to have high and honoured positions or to possess wealth and gain, care when they tell and persuade others that something just is unjust or something unjust is just, and by doing this behave as 'witnesses of a lie'. The reason why they are like this is that their will is in complete subjection to those loves and accompanying desires; it is completely possessed and dominated by them. At the same time the understanding, which is the other part of the mind, indeed has the ability to see what is just or unjust but has no wish to see it. For the will prevails over the understanding; it flows into and persuades it, and at length also makes it blind. Those same people possess no conscience, nor do they know that conscience consists in saying that something just is just, and for no other reason than because it is so, that is, from a love of what is just. People who are like this in the world are also like it in the next life, except for the difference that they do not then say something just is unjust. Instead they call the good of faith evil, and truth falsity, since what is just in dealings with people in the world corresponds to what is good and true in the spiritual world. This is done by them without conscience and also without any shame because it was something they had learned to do during their lifetime and grown accustomed to.

[3] Many times in the Word the expression 'a lie' is used, and wherever it occurs the falsity and evil of faith is meant in the internal sense. And 'the witness of a lie', who is also called 'the witness of violence', means confirming something false, whether before a judge, or before someone else, or before oneself by convincing oneself in one's inner thinking, as in Exodus 23:1ff; Leviticus 19:11-12ff; Deuteronomy 19:16-20. The fact that 'a lie' in the spiritual sense is the evil and falsity of faith is clear from the following places: In John,

You are from your father the devil, and the desires of your father you will to do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and has not stood in the truth because the truth is not in him. When he speaks a lie he speaks from the things that are his own, for he is the teller of a lie and the father of it. John 8:44.

Here 'a lie' stands for falsity of faith, for it refers to the unwillingness of the Jews to acknowledge the Lord. 'The devil' in the spiritual sense here is falsity, and 'the father of it' is evil; for falsity springs from evil like son from father. The falsity that is the devil's is the falsity of faith, the evil that is his is the evil of self-love and love of the world.

[4] In Isaiah,

Moab is exceedingly proud; his haughtiness, and his pride, and his anger - his lies are not firm. Isaiah 16:6.

'Lies' stands for falsities of faith, since 'Moab' is those who, ruled by the evil of self-love, therefore falsify truths, 2468, 8315. In the same prophet,

We have made a covenant with death, and with hell we have shaped a vision. We have put our trust in a lie, and we have hidden in falsity. Isaiah 28:15.

In the same prophet,

They were a rebellious people, lying sons, sons who did not wish to hear the law of Jehovah. Isaiah 30:9.

In Jeremiah,

They deceive one another, 1 and do not speak the truth. They have taught their tongue to speak a lie Jeremiah 9:5.

In the same prophet,

Behold, I am against those that prophesy lying dreams 2 and tell them in order that they may mislead My people by their lies. Jeremiah 23:32.

In the same prophet,

O sword, [be] against the liars, that they may become foolish. Jeremiah 50:36.

In Ezekiel,

They have seen vanity and lying divination, 3 saying, Jehovah has said! when Jehovah has not sent them. Therefore thus has the Lord Jehovih said, Because you speak vanity and see a lie, therefore behold, I am against you. Ezekiel 13:6-9.

In Nahum,

Woe to the city of blood! 4 It is all full of lies and plunder. Nahum 3:1.

In Zephaniah,

The remnant of Israel will not do iniquity or speak any lie; nor will a fraudulent tongue be found in their mouth. They will feed and rest. Zephaniah 3:13.

In John,

Outside are dogs, and sorcerers, and fornicators, and murderers, and idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices a lie. Revelation 22:15.

In these as in many other places 'a lie' stands for the falsity and evil of faith.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, They deceive, a man his companion

2. literally, dreams of a lie

3. literally, divination of a lie

4. literally, bloods

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.