Bible

 

Matthew 5

Studie

   

1 Men da han så Skarerne, steg han op på Bjerget; og da han havde sat sig, gik hans Disciple hen til ham,

2 og han oplod sin Mund, lærte dem og sagde:

3 "Salige ere de fattige i Ånden, thi Himmeriges ige er deres.

4 Salige ere de, som sørge, thi de skulle husvales.

5 Salige ere de sagtmodige, thi de skulle arve Jorden.

6 Salige ere de, som hungre og tørste efter etfærdigheden, thi de skulle mættes.

7 Salige ere de barmhjertige, thi dem skal vises Barmhjertighed.

8 Salige ere de rene af Hjertet, thi de skulle se Gud.

9 Salige ere de, som stifte Fred, thi de skulle kaldes Guds Børn.

10 Salige ere de, som ere forfulgte for etfærdigheds Skyld, thi Himmeriges ige er deres.

11 Salige ere I, når man håner og forfølger eder og lyver eder alle Hånde ondt på for min Skyld.

12 Glæder og fryder eder, thi eders Løn skal være stor i Himlene; thi således have de forfulgt Profeterne, som vare før eder.

13 I ere Jordens Salt; men dersom Saltet mister sin Kraft, hvormed skal det da saltes? Det duer ikke til andet end at kastes ud og nedtrædes af Menneskene.

14 I ere Verdens Lys; en Stad, som ligger på et Bjerg, kan ikke skjules.

15 Man tænder heller ikke et Lys og sætter det under Skæppen, men Lysestagen; så skinner det for alle dem, som ere i Huset.

16 Lader således eders Lys skinne for Menneskene, at de må se eders gode Gerninger og ære eders Fader, som er i Himlene.

17 Mener ikke, at jeg er kommen for at nedbryde Loven eller Profeterne;jeg er ikke kommen for at nedbryde, men for at fuldkomme.

18 Thi sandelig, siger jeg eder, indtil Himmelen og Jorden forgår, skal end ikke det mindste Bogstav eller en Tøddel forgå af Loven, indtil det er sket alt sammen.

19 Derfor, den, som bryder et at de mindste af disse Bud og lærer Menneskene således, han skal kaldes den mindste i Himmeriges ige; men den, som gør dem og lærer dem, han skal kaldes stor i Himmeriges ige.

20 Thi jeg siger eder: Uden eders etfærdighed overgår de skriftkloges og Farisæernes, komme I ingenlunde ind i Himmeriges ige.

21 I have hørt, at der er sagt til de gamle: Du må ikke slå ihjel, men den, som slår ihjel, skal være skyldig for Dommen.

22 Men jeg siger eder, at hver den, som bliver vred på sin Broder uden Årsag, skal være skyldig for Dommen; og den, som siger til sin Broder: aka! skal være skyldig for ådet; og den, som siger: Du Dåre! skal være skyldig til Helvedes Ild.

23 Derfor, når du ofrer din Gave Alteret og der kommer i Hu, at din Broder har noget imod dig,

24 så lad din Gave blive der foran Alteret, og gå hen, forlig dig først med din Broder, og kom da og offer din Gave!

25 Vær velvillig mod din Modpart uden Tøven, medens du er med ham på Vejen, for at Modparten ikke skal overgive dig til Dommeren, og Dommeren til Tjeneren, og du skal kastes i Fængsel.

26 Sandelig, siger jeg dig, du skal ingenlunde komme ud derfra, førend du får betalt den sidste Hvid.

27 I have hørt, at der er sagt: Du må ikke bedrive Hor.

28 Men jeg siger eder, at hver den, som ser på en Kvinde for at begære hende, har allerede bedrevet Hor med hende i sit Hjerte.

29 Men dersom dit højre Øje forarger dig, så riv det ud, og kast det fra dig; thi det er bedre for dig, at eet af dine Lemmer fordærves, end at hele dit Legeme bliver kastet i Helvede.

30 Og om din højre Hånd forarger dig, så hug den af og kast den fra dig; thi det er bedre for dig, at eet af dine Lemmer fordærves, end at hele dit Legeme kommer i Helvede.

31 Og der er sagt: Den, som skiller sig fra sin Hustru, skal give hende et Skilsmissebrev.

32 Men jeg siger eder, at enhver, som skiller sig fra sin Hustru, uden for Hors Skyld, gør, at hun bedriver Hor, og den, som tager en fraskilt Kvinde til Ægte, bedriver Hor.

33 I have fremdeles hørt, at der er sagt til de gamle: Du må ikke gøre nogen falsk Ed, men du skal holde Herren dine Eder.

34 Men jeg siger eder, at I må aldeles ikke sværge, hverken ved Himmelen, thi den er Guds Trone,

35 ej heller ved Jorden, thi den er hans Fodskammel, ej heller ved Jerusalem, thi det er den store Konges Stad.

36 Du må heller ikke sværge ved dit Hoved, thi du kan ikke gøre et eneste Hår hvidt eller sort.

37 Men eders Tale skal være ja, ja, nej, nej; hvad der er ud over dette, er af det onde.

38 I have hørt, at der er sagt: Øje for Øje, og Tand for Tand.

39 Men jeg siger eder, at I må ikke sætte eder imod det onde; men dersom nogen giver dig et Slag på din højre Kind, da vend ham også den anden til!

40 Og dersom nogen vil gå i ette med dig og tage din Kjortel, lad ham da også få Kappen!

41 Og dersom nogen tvinger dig til at gå een Mil,da gå to med ham!

42 Giv den, som beder dig, og vend dig ikke fra den, som vil låne af dig.

43 I have hørt, at der er sagt: Du skal elske din Næste og hade din Fjende.

44 Men jeg siger eder: Elsker eders Fjender, velsigner dem, som forbande eder, gører dem godt, som hade eder, og beder for dem, som krænke eder og forfølge eder,

45 for at I må vorde eders Faders Børn, han, som er i Himlene; thi han lader sin Sol opgå over onde og gode og lader det regne over retfærdige og uretfærdige.

46 Thi dersom I elske dem, som elske eder, hvad Løn have I da? Gøre ikke også Tolderne det samme?

47 Og dersom I hilse eders Brødre alene, hvad stort gøre I da? Gøre ikke også Hedningerne det samme?

48 Værer da I fuldkomne, ligesom eders himmelske Fader er fuldkommen.

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 10490

Prostudujte si tuto pasáž

  
/ 10837  
  

10490. 'And kill [every] man his brother, and [every] man his companion, and [every] man his neighbour' means a shutting off to prevent any reception and transmission of inflowing goodness and truth, and of the things touching on them. This is clear from the meaning of 'killing' as taking spiritual life away, thus taking the good of love and the truth of faith away, and therefore at this point as a shutting off to prevent any reception and transmission of them, for when they have been removed, so too has spiritual life been taken away and only natural life remains (for the meaning of 'killing' as taking spiritual life away, see 3387, 3395, 3607, 6767, 7043, 8902); from the meaning of 'brother' as the good of love and charity, dealt with in 3815, 4121, 4191, 5409, 5686, 5692, 6756; from the meaning of 'companion' as the truth of that good; and from the meaning of 'neighbour' as that which is linked to them, dealt with in 5911, 9378, thus that which touches on them. For people whose borders touch are neighbours. From all this it is evident that 'kill [every] man his brother, and [every] man his companion, and [every] man his neighbour' means a shutting off of what is internal with that nation to prevent any reception by them or transmission to them of inflowing goodness, truth, or anything that touches on them.

[2] The implications of all this are that because that nation was idolatrous at heart, ruled completely by the kinds of love in which hell consists, and yet worship representative of heavenly realities was to be established among them, their internals were altogether shut off. They were shut off for two reasons, the first being in order that external things alone with them, devoid of anything internal, might be the means by which the joining to heaven could be effected, and the second in order that the holy things of the Church and of heaven might not be rendered profane. For if that nation had acknowledged the internal things of worship, that is, the holy things of the Church and of heaven which were being represented, they would have defiled them and rendered them profane. This explains why little if any was clearly revealed to that nation about heaven and life after death, and why they were totally ignorant of the truth that the Messiah's kingdom existed in heaven. That nation is still like this at the present day, as is well known.

[3] But see what has been shown regarding that nation in the places referred to above in 10396, for instance the following,

Their whole interest lay in external things and not in anything internal, 4293, 4311, 4459(end), 4834, 4844, 4847, 4865, 4868, 4874, 4903, 4913, 9320, 9373, 9380, 9381.

Consequently their worship was merely external, 3147, 3479, 8871.

Nor did they wish to know about the inner things of worship and of the Word, 3479, 4429, 4433, 4680.

If they had known the holy inner things they would have rendered them profane, 3398, 3489, 4289.

Therefore they were not allowed to know those things, 301, 302, 304, 2520, 3769.

Nevertheless through the outward things of worship among them, which were representative of heavenly realities, there was contact with heaven, 4311, 4444, 6304, 8588, 8788, 8806.

These then are the things that should be understood and are meant by the words commanding them to kill [every] man his brother, [every] man his companion, and [every] man his neighbour.

[4] Anyone who does not know that brothers, companions, neighbours, and further names describing human relationships serve to mean the Church and heaven's forms of good and truths, or their opposites, which are evils and falsities, cannot know what is implied by very many places in the Word where those names occur, such as in the following places: In Matthew,

Do not think that I have come to bring peace on earth; I have not come to bring peace but a sword. For I have come to set a man (homo) against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law; and a man's enemies will be those of his own household. Whoever loves father or mother above Me is not worthy of Me; and whoever loves son or daughter above Me is not worthy of Me. And whoever does not take up his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me. Matthew 10:34-38.

These verses refer to spiritual conflicts, which are the temptations that those who are to be regenerated must undergo. Thus they refer to the strife a person experiences at that time between the evils and falsities which come to him from hell and the forms of good and the truths which come to him from the Lord. Since those conflicts are what is described here the declaration 'whoever does not take up his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me' is made, 'cross' being used to mean a person's state during temptations. Anyone who does not know that these kinds of things are meant by 'man and father', 'daughter and mother', 'daughter-in-law and mother-in-law' will suppose that the Lord came into the world to remove the peace in households and families and to introduce strife, when in fact He came to bring peace and remove strife, as accords with His words in John 14:27, and elsewhere.

[5] The fact that strife between the internal man and the external is described in those verses is clear from the meaning in the internal sense of 'man and father', 'daughter and mother', and 'daughter-in-law and mother-in-law'. In that sense 'man' (homo) means good which comes from the Lord, and 'father' evil which springs from a person's self; 'daughter' means an affection for goodness and truth, and 'mother' an affection for evil and falsity; and 'daughter-in-law' means the Church's truth linked to its good, and 'mother-in-law' falsity linked to its evil. And since the conflict that takes place between the forms of good and the evils residing with a person, and between the falsities and truths, is described in that manner those verses also contain the declaration 'a man's enemies will be those of his own household'. By 'those of his own household' the things that reside with a person are meant, thus those which belong properly to himself, while 'enemies' in the spiritual sense are the evils and falsities that attack forms of good and truths. The fact that such things are meant by 'man', 'father', 'daughter', 'mother', 'daughter-in-law', and 'mother-in-law' has been shown in various places in the explanations.

[6] The like is meant by the following words in Matthew,

Brother will deliver up brother to death, and a father his son; and children will rise up against parents and put them to death. Matthew 10:21.

Also by the following in Luke,

If anyone comes to Me and does not hate his father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brothers, and sisters, and even his own soul, he cannot be My disciple. And whoever does not carry his own cross and come after Me cannot be My disciple. So therefore any of you who does not renounce all his possessions cannot be My disciple. Luke 14:26-27, 33.

Is there anyone who does not see that these words should not be taken literally, at the very least from the fact that they say without any qualification that father, mother, wife, children, brothers, sisters must be hated before anyone can be the Lord's disciple, when yet it is one of the Lord's commands, in Matthew 5:43-44, that no one should be hated, not even an enemy?

[7] It is self-evident that the things which are a person's own, that is, evils and falsities in their own order, should be understood by the names of those family members, since it also says that he must hate his own soul and renounce all his possessions, that is, the things which are properly his. The state of temptation or spiritual conflict is also described here, for it says, 'whoever does not carry his own cross and come after Me cannot be My disciple'. 'Being the Lord's disciple' means being led by Him and not by self, thus by the forms of good and the truths which come from the Lord and not by the evils and falsities which come from the person.

[8] The Word should be understood in a like manner in other places where those names are used, such as in Jeremiah,

They do not pay attention to My words; and My law, they reject it. Therefore thus said Jehovah, Behold, I am laying before this people stumbling-blocks, that fathers and sons together may stumble against them, a neighbour and his companion, and may perish. Jeremiah 6:19, 21.

In the same prophet,

I will scatter them, [every] man with his brother, [and fathers] and sons together. I will not spare, nor forgive, nor pity, that I should not destroy them. Jeremiah 13:14.

In the same prophet,

Jehovah caused many to stumble 1 ; also [every] man fell upon his companion. Jeremiah 46:16.

And in Isaiah,

I will embroil Egypt with Egypt, in order that a man may fight against his brother, and a man against his companion. Isaiah 19:2.

In these places also the like should be understood by 'fathers', 'sons', 'brothers', and 'companions'.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, Jehovah multiplied the stumblers

  
/ 10837  
  

Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.