Bible

 

Dommere 11

Studie

   

1 Gileaditen Jefta var en dygtig Kriger. Han var Søn af en Skøge. Gilead avlede Jefta.

2 Men Gileads Hustru fødte ham Sønner, og da de voksede op, jog de Jefta bort med de Ord: "Du skal ikke have Arv og Lod i vor Faders Hus, thi du er en fremmed Kvindes Søn!"

3 Jefta flygtede da for sine Brødre og bosatte sig i Landet Tob, hvor nogle dårlige Folk samlede sig om ham og deltog i hans Strejftog.

4 Efter nogen Tids Forløb angreb Ammoniterne Israel.

5 Og da Ammoniterne angreb Israel, drog Gileads Ældste hen for at hente Jefta hjem fra Landet Tob.

6 De sagde til Jefta: "Kom og vær vor Fører, at vi kan tage Kampen op med Ammoniterne!"

7 Jefta svarede Gileads Ældste: "Har I ikke hadet mig og jaget mig bort fra min Faders Hus? Hvorfor kommer I da til mig, nu I er i Nød?"

8 Men Gileads Ældste sagde til Jefta: "Derfor kommer vi jo nu tilbage til dig! Vil du drage med os og kæmpe med Ammoniterne, skal du være Høvding over os, over alle Gileads Indbyggere!"

9 Jefta svarede Gileads Ældste: "Dersom I fører mig tilbage, for at jeg skal kæmpe med Ammoniterne, og HE EN giver dem i min Magt, så vil jeg være eders Høvding!"

10 Da sagde Gileads Ældste til Jefta: "HE EN hører Overenskomsten mellem os; visselig vil vi gøre, som du siger!"

11 Da drog Jefta med Gileads Ældste; og Folket gjorde ham til deres Høvding og Fører. Og alle sine Ord udtalte Jefta for HE ENs Åsyn i Mizpa.

12 Derpå sendte Jefta Sendebud til Ammoniternes Konge og lod sige: "Hvad er der dig og mig imellem, siden du er draget imod mig for at angribe mit Land?"

13 Ammoniternes Konge svarede Jeftas Sendebud: "Jo, Israel tog mit Land, da de drog op fra Ægypten, lige fra Arnon til Jabbok og Jordan; giv det derfor tilbage med det gode!"

14 Men Jefta sendte atter Sendebud til Ammoniternes Konge

15 og lod sige: "Således siger Jefta: Israel har ikke taget Moabs eller Ammoniternes Land!

16 Men da de drog op fra Ægypten, vandrede Israel igennem Ørkenen til det røde Hav og kom derpå til Kadesj.

17 Da sendte Israel Sendebud til Edomiternes Konge og lod sige: Lad mig drage igennem dit Land! Men Edomiternes Konge ænsede det ikke. Ligeledes sendte de Bud til Moabiternes Konge, men han var heller ikke villig dertil. Israel blev da boende i Kadesj.

18 Derpå drog de igennem Ørkenen og gik uden om Edomiternes og Moabiternes, Land, og da de nåede Egnen østen for Moab, slog de Lejr hinsides Arnon; men de betrådte ikke Moabs Enemærker, thi Arnon er Moabs Grænse.

19 Israel sendte derpå Sendebud til Kongen af Hesjbon, Amoriterkongen Sihon, og lod sige: Lad os drage igennem dit Land for at nå hen, hvor vi skal!

20 Men Sihon nægtede Israelitterne Tilladelse til at drage gennem hans Land; og Sihon samlede hele sin Hær, og de slog Lejr i Jaza og angreb Israel.

21 Da gav HE EN, Israels Gud, Sihon og hele hans Hær i Israels Hånd, så at de slog dem. Og Israel underlagde sig hele det Land, Amoriterne boede i;

22 de underlagde sig hele Amoriternes Område fra Arnon til Jabbok og fra Ørkenen til Jordan.

23 Således drev HE EN, Israels Gud, Amoriterne bort foran sit Folk Israel; og nu vil du underlægge dig deres Land!

24 Ikke sandt, når din Gud Kemosj driver nogen bort, så tager du hans Land? Og hver Gang HE EN vor Gud driver nogen bort foran os, tager vi hans Land.

25 Er du vel bedre end Zippors Søn, Kong Balak af Moab? Stredes han med Israel, eller indlod han sig i Kamp med dem,

26 da Israelitterne bosatte sig i Hesjbon med Småbyer, i Aroer med Småbyer og i alle Byerne langs Arnon nu har de boet der i 300 År? Hvorfor tilrev I eder dem ikke dengang?

27 Det er ikke mig, der har forbrudt mig mod dig, men dig, der handler ilde mod mig ved at angribe mig. HE EN, Dommeren, vil i Dag dømme Israelitterne og Ammoniterne imellem!"

28 Men Ammoniternes Konge ænsede ikke Jeftas Ord, som hans Sendebud overbragte.

29 Da kom HE ENs Ånd over Jefta; og han drog igennem Gilead og Manasse; derpå drog han til Mizpe i Gilead, og fra Mizpe i Gilead drog han mod Ammoniterne.

30 Og Jefta aflagde HE EN et Løfte og sagde: "Dersom du giver Ammoniterne i min Hånd,

31 så skal den, som først kommer mig i Møde fra min Husdør når jeg vender uskadt, tilbage fra Ammoniterne, tilfalde HE EN, og jeg vil ofre ham som Brændoffer!"

32 Så drog Jefta i Kamp mod Ammoniterne, og HE EN gav dem i hans Hånd,

33 så at han tilføjede dem et stort Nederlag fra Aroer til Egnen ved Minnit, tyve Byer, og til Abel Keramim. Således bukkede Ammoniterne under for Israelitterne.

34 Men da Jefta kom til sit Hjem i Mizpa, se, da kom hans Datter ham i Møde med Håndpauker og Dans. Hun var hans eneste Barn foruden hende havde han hverken Søn eller Datter.

35 Da han fik Øje på hende, sønderrev han sine Klæder og råbte: "Ak, min Datter, du har bøjet mig dybt, og det er dig, der styrter mig i Ulykke! Thi jeg har åbnet min Mund for HE EN og kan ikke tage mit Ord tilbage!"

36 Da svarede hun ham: "Fader, har du åbnet din Mund for HE EN, så gør med mig, som dit Ord lød, nu da HE EN har skaffet dig Hævn over dine Fjender, Ammoniterne!"

37 Men hun sagde til sin Fader: "En Ting må du unde mig: Giv mig to Måneders Frist, så jeg kan gå omkring i Bjergene for at begræde min Jomfrustand sammen med mine Veninder!"

38 Han sagde: "Gå!" og lod hende drage bort i to Måneder; og hun gik bort med sine Veninder for at begræde sin Jomfrustand i Bjergene.

39 Da de to Måneder var omme, vendte hun tilbage til sin Fader, og han fuldbyrdede det Løfte, han havde aflagt, på hende; og hun havde ikke kendt Mand. Og det blev Skik i Israel,

40 at Israels Døtre hvert År går hen for at klage over Gileaditen Jeftas Datter fire Dage om Året.

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

Komentář

 

Exploring the Meaning of Judges 11

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Judges 11: Jephthah’s victory.

This chapter and most of the next are about the judge Jephthah. He was Gilead’s son by a prostitute, so Gilead’s other sons despised him, and drove him out from his homeland. He fled to the land of Tob, where he lived amongst reckless men. When the Ammonites made war against Israel, the elders of Gilead went to the land of Tob to ask if Jephthah would lead their army. At first, Jephthah challenged them, and asked why they would come to him for help after expelling him from their county. However, the elders swore by the Lord that they would accept him as their leader, so he agreed to go with them.

Then Jephthah sent messengers to the king of Ammon, to ask why his people were attacking Gilead. The king said that Israel had taken away their land, but Jephthah recounted to them the history of Israel’s time in the wilderness, specifically pointing out that they not made war with the nations of Canaan. The only exception was the Amorite king Sihon’s attack on Israel, in which the Israelites defended themselves and defeated the Amorites. So, Jephthah explained that Israel had not taken land from the Ammonites. But the people of Ammon did not listen, and prepared for war.

While preparing his army against the people of Ammon, Jephthah made a vow to the Lord: if He would grant Gilead victory, Jephthah would make a burnt offering of the first thing which came out from his house upon his return home. Battle ensued, and the army of Jephthah utterly defeated Ammon.

When Jephthah returned home, his daughter – his only child – came out of the house to greet him with music and dancing. He tore his clothes in despair, and told her about his vow to the Lord. His daughter told him to keep his word, and asked to be left alone for two months to lament her virginity. Then, when the time came, Jephthah carried out his vow to the Lord.

*****

Jephthah’s dealings with both the Ammonites and his own family show that serving the Lord leads us to seek peace, not conflict or war. His account of the Israelites’ struggles showed that his people had only defended themselves against other nations, but had not fanned the flames of war. We are to do the work of making peace in our lives, while upholding and defending what is true (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 1683).

The people of Ammon stand for knowing what is true, but then corrupting that truth to live a life based in falsities. For example, if we know the Lord regenerates us, and then tell ourselves that we no longer hold any responsibility for our eternal state, we have falsified the truth. This view completely distorts the truth: the Lord regenerates us as we work to live righteously (see Swedenborg’s work, Sacred Scripture 18[3]).

The spiritual meaning of a ‘daughter’ is an affection for spiritual truths and the life they offer. Affection is the offspring of feeling delight in truths; as we develop these affections, we learn to recognize that they come from the Lord, for he is the source of all good things (Arcana Caelestia 3336[2]).

Jephthah’s daughter was his deepest love, his greatest affection. She was a virgin, representing the spiritual qualities of purity and innocence. Her request for two months of solitude can be understood as our need to reflect during any giving to the Lord, to be sure that our intentions are pure, without any selfish expectations (see Swedenborg’s work, Divine Providence 121).

Bible

 

Judges 11

Studie

   

1 Now Jephthah the Gileadite was a mighty man of valour, and he was the son of an harlot: and Gilead begat Jephthah.

2 And Gilead's wife bare him sons; and his wife's sons grew up, and they thrust out Jephthah, and said unto him, Thou shalt not inherit in our father's house; for thou art the son of a strange woman.

3 Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob: and there were gathered vain men to Jephthah, and went out with him.

4 And it came to pass in process of time, that the children of Ammon made war against Israel.

5 And it was so, that when the children of Ammon made war against Israel, the elders of Gilead went to fetch Jephthah out of the land of Tob:

6 And they said unto Jephthah, Come, and be our captain, that we may fight with the children of Ammon.

7 And Jephthah said unto the elders of Gilead, Did not ye hate me, and expel me out of my father's house? and why are ye come unto me now when ye are in distress?

8 And the elders of Gilead said unto Jephthah, Therefore we turn again to thee now, that thou mayest go with us, and fight against the children of Ammon, and be our head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.

9 And Jephthah said unto the elders of Gilead, If ye bring me home again to fight against the children of Ammon, and the LORD deliver them before me, shall I be your head?

10 And the elders of Gilead said unto Jephthah, The LORD be witness between us, if we do not so according to thy words.

11 Then Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and captain over them: and Jephthah uttered all his words before the LORD in Mizpeh.

12 And Jephthah sent messengers unto the king of the children of Ammon, saying, What hast thou to do with me, that thou art come against me to fight in my land?

13 And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah, Because Israel took away my land, when they came up out of Egypt, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and unto Jordan: now therefore restore those lands again peaceably.

14 And Jephthah sent messengers again unto the king of the children of Ammon:

15 And said unto him, Thus saith Jephthah, Israel took not away the land of Moab, nor the land of the children of Ammon:

16 But when Israel came up from Egypt, and walked through the wilderness unto the Red sea, and came to Kadesh;

17 Then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying, Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land: but the king of Edom would not hearken thereto. And in like manner they sent unto the king of Moab: but he would not consent: and Israel abode in Kadesh.

18 Then they went along through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, but came not within the border of Moab: for Arnon was the border of Moab.

19 And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, the king of Heshbon; and Israel said unto him, Let us pass, we pray thee, through thy land into my place.

20 But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his coast: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and pitched in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.

21 And the LORD God of Israel delivered Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel, and they smote them: so Israel possessed all the land of the Amorites, the inhabitants of that country.

22 And they possessed all the coasts of the Amorites, from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and from the wilderness even unto Jordan.

23 So now the LORD God of Israel hath dispossessed the Amorites from before his people Israel, and shouldest thou possess it?

24 Wilt not thou possess that which Chemosh thy god giveth thee to possess? So whomsoever the LORD our god shall drive out from before us, them will we possess.

25 And now art thou any thing better than Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab? did he ever strive against Israel, or did he ever fight against them,

26 While Israel dwelt in Heshbon and her towns, and in Aroer and her towns, and in all the cities that be along by the coasts of Arnon, three hundred years? why therefore did ye not recover them within that time?

27 Wherefore I have not sinned against thee, but thou doest me wrong to war against me: the LORD the Judge be Judge this day between the children of Israel and the children of Ammon.

28 Howbeit the king of the children of Ammon hearkened not unto the words of Jephthah which he sent him.

29 Then the Spirit of the LORD came upon Jephthah, and he passed over Gilead, and Manasseh, and passed over Mizpeh of Gilead, and from Mizpeh of Gilead he passed over unto the children of Ammon.

30 And Jephthah vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou shalt without fail deliver the children of Ammon into mine hands,

31 Then it shall be, that whatsoever cometh forth of the doors of my house to meet me, when I return in peace from the children of Ammon, shall surely be the LORD's, and I will offer it up for a burnt offering.

32 So Jephthah passed over unto the children of Ammon to fight against them; and the LORD delivered them into his hands.

33 And he smote them from Aroer, even till thou come to Minnith, even twenty cities, and unto the plain of the vineyards, with a very great slaughter. Thus the children of Ammon were subdued before the children of Israel.

34 And Jephthah came to Mizpeh unto his house, and, behold, his daughter came out to meet him with timbrels and with dances: and she was his only child; beside her he had neither son nor daughter.

35 And it came to pass, when he saw her, that he rent his clothes, and said, Alas, my daughter! thou hast brought me very low, and thou art one of them that trouble me: for I have opened my mouth unto the LORD, and I cannot go back.

36 And she said unto him, My father, if thou hast opened thy mouth unto the LORD, do to me according to that which hath proceeded out of thy mouth; forasmuch as the LORD hath taken vengeance for thee of thine enemies, even of the children of Ammon.

37 And she said unto her father, Let this thing be done for me: let me alone two months, that I may go up and down upon the mountains, and bewail my virginity, I and my fellows.

38 And he said, Go. And he sent her away for two months: and she went with her companions, and bewailed her virginity upon the mountains.

39 And it came to pass at the end of two months, that she returned unto her father, who did with her according to his vow which he had vowed: and she knew no man. And it was a custom in Israel,

40 That the daughters of Israel went yearly to lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite four days in a year.