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Joshua 8

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1 Derefter sagde HE EN til Josua: "Frygt ikke og vær ikke bange! Tag alt Krigsfolket med dig, bryd op og drag mod Aj! Se, jeg giver Kongen af Aj og hans Folk, hans By og hans Land i din Hånd!

2 Og du skal gøre det samme ved Aj og dets Konge, som du gjorde ved Jeriko og dets Konge; men Godset, I røver der, må I selv beholde som Bytte, ligeledes Kvæget der. Læg Baghold vesten for Byen!"

3 Derpå brød Josua op og drog med alt Krigsfolket op mod Aj; og Josua udvalgte sig 30000 tapre Mænd og sendte dem bort om Natten,

4 idet han bød dem: "Se, I skal lægge eder i Baghold vesten for Byen, ikke for langt fra den, og hold eder alle rede.

5 Jeg og alle de Folk, som er med mig, vil nærme os Byen, og når de gør Udfald imod os ligesom forrige Gang, flygter vi for dem.

6 Når de så følger efter os så langt, at vi får dem lokket bort fra Byen, idet de tænker, at vi flygter for dem ligesom forrige Gang,

7 skal I bryde frem fra Bagholdet og tage Byen, thi HE EN eders Gud vil give den i eders Hånd.

8 Og når I har indtaget byen, skal I stikke den i Brand. Således skal I gøre, det er mit Bud til eder!"

9 Derpå sendte Josua dem bort, og de gik hen og lagde sig i Baghold mellem Betel og Aj, vesten for Aj; men Josua blev den Nat iblandt Krigsfolket.

10 Tidligt næste Morgen mønstrede Josua Folket, og sammen med Israels Ældste drog han op til Aj i Spidsen for Folket.

11 Hele den Styrke, som var med ham, rykkede nærmere, til de havde Byen foran sig; og de lejrede sig norden for Aj med Dalen mellem sig og Aj.

12 Derpå tog han henved 5000 Mand og lagde dem i Baghold mellem Betel og Aj, vesten for Byen;

13 og Krigerne blev bragt i Stilling, hele Hæren, som var norden for Byen, og den Del, som lå i Baghold vesten for Byen; men Josua begav sig om Natten ned i Dalen.

14 Da nu Kongen af Aj så det, skyndte Byens Mænd sig og rykkede tidligt om Morgenen ud til Kamp mod Israel, Kongen med hele sin Styrke, til Skråningen, hvor Lavningen begynder, uden at vide af, at der var lagt Baghold imod ham vesten for Byen;

15 og da Josua og hele Israel lod sig slå på Flugt af dem og flygtede ad Ørkenen til,

16 blev alt Folket i Byen stævnet sammen til at forfølge dem, og de forfulgte Josua og lod sig lokke bort fra Byen;

17 ikke een Mand blev tilbage i Aj, men alle drog de ud for at forfølge Israel, og de lod Byen stå åben, medens de forfulgte Israel.

18 Da sagde HE EN til Josua: " æk Spydet i din Hånd ud mod Aj; thi jeg giver det i din Hånd!" Og Josua rakte Spydet i sin Hånd ud mod Byen.

19 Og Bagholdet brød hurtigt op fra sin Plads og løb hen til Byen, da han rakte Hånden ud, indtog den og skyndte sig at stikke den i Brand.

20 Da Mændene fra Aj vendte sig om og så øgen fra Byen stige op mod Himmelen, var de ude af Stand til at flygte til nogen af Siderne, idet Folket, som var flygtet ad Ørkenen til, vendte sig om mod deres Forfølgere.

21 Og da Josua og hele Israel så, at Bagholdet havde indtaget Byen, og at øgen fra byen steg til Vejrs, vendte de om og slog Mændene fra Aj;

22 og da hine rykkede ud fra Byen imod dem, kom de midt ind imellem Israeliternes to Afdelinger, som huggede dem ned uden at lade en eneste af dem undkomme eller slippe bort.

23 Men Kongen af Aj fangede de levende og bragte ham til Josua.

24 Da Israel nu havde hugget alle Ajs Indbyggere ned på åben Mark, på Skråningen, hvor de forfulgte dem, og de alle til sidste Mand var faldet for Sværdet, vendte hele Israel tilbage til Aj og slog det med Sværdet.

25 Alle de, der faldt på den Dag, Mænd og Kvinder, udgjorde 12000, alle Indbyggerne i Aj.

26 Og Josua trak ikke sin Hånd med det udrakte Spyd tilbage, før han havde lagt Band på alle Ajs Indbyggere.

27 Kun Kvæget og Godset, de røvede i denne By, beholdt Israeliterne som Bytte efter den Befaling, HE EN havde givet Josua.

28 Og Josua stak Aj i Brand og gjorde den til en uinhob for bestandig, til den Ødemark, den er den Dag i Dag.

29 Men Kongen af Aj hængte han på en Pæl og lod ham hænge til Aften; og da Solen gik ned, tog man på Josuas Befaling hans Lig ned af Pælen og kastede det hen ved Indgangen til Byens Port. Og man opkastede over ham en stor Stendysse, som står der den Dag i Dag.

30 Da byggede Josua HE EN, Israels Gud, et Alter på Ebals Bjerg,

31 som HE ENs Tjener Moses havde pålagt Israeliterne, i Overensstemmelse med, hvad der står skrevet i Moses's Lovbog, et Alter af utilhugne Sten, hvor over der ikke var svunget Jern; og de bragte HE EN Brændofre og ofrede Takofre der.

32 Og han skrev der på Stenene i Israeliternes Påsyn en Afskrift af Mose Lov, som denne havde skrevet,

33 idet hele Israel og dets Ældste, Tilsynsmænd og Dommere stod på begge Sider af Arken lige over for Levitpræsterne, som bar HE ENs Pagts Ark, de fremmede såvel som de indfødte, den ene Halvdel hen imod Garizims Bjerg, den anden Halvdel hen imod Ebals Bjerg, således som HE ENs Tjener Moses forhen havde påbudt at velsigne Israels Folk.

34 Så oplæste han alle Lovens Ord, Velsignelsen og Forbandelsen, alt som det var skrevet i Lovbogen;

35 ikke et Ord af alt, hvad Moses havde påbudt, undlod Josua at op læse for hele Israels Menighed, Mændene, Kvinderne og Børnene og de fremmede, som var draget med iblandt dem.

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 8

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 8: The fall of Ai and the renewal of the covenant.

The events of this chapter - and their spiritual meaning for us - follow on from the previous chapter. After their first setback at Ai, the Children of Israel take the city of Ai by using a clever ruse. Joshua chose thirty thousand men for the battle. The plan was for five thousand of them to hide near the city, while he led the main army to attack the city. Then, Joshua and his forces would pretend to run away, pursued by the men of Ai. Those who had hidden were then to come out, go into the city, and set it on fire. The men of Ai would see this and run back, get ambushed, and be caught between Joshua’s two armies.

It all happened as planned, and Israel took Ai. (See Arcana Caelestia 1557). As with Jericho, everything in Ai was commanded to be destroyed, except that in this case the livestock and the city’s spoils were to be kept. The whole city was burned and its king was hanged on a tree until sunset and then his body was thrown down at the city entrance with a great heap of stones put over it.

The basic spiritual meaning of any battle in the Bible such as this, is to show how a heavenly principle can and will overcome a hellish or evil attack, especially for us, during some temptation - when we seek to resist and fight back.

Evil is only strong in illusion and fear-mongering; when the light of what is true shines on evil it gets shown for what it is. (Heaven and Hell 49)

The city’s name “Ai” means “a heap”. The word gets used several times in the text of the chapter. A heap implies rubble and rubbish. Cities sometimes look noble and well-planned; in Ai’s case it was the very opposite - a heap, a ruin. (Heaven and Hell 586[2])

While Jericho generally represents our wrong thinking, which first stands in the way of our regeneration and spiritual will, Ai represents our evil emotions and our selfish passions. Both of them must fall before we can make further progress.

Joshua chooses a large number to go against a relatively few in Ai, who nevertheless all rush out to fight Israel. “There was not a man left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel. Thus they left the city open.” (Joshua 8:17)

Joshua’s tactic of drawing out the men of Ai means our challenge to evil - by confronting it with the truths and commandments we know and obey. Joshua’s pretence of fleeing away draws Ai out in glee, interpreting the flight as a real retreat. Then everything turns, and Joshua’s men go forward representing the power of the truth, the Word and our persuasion of their effectiveness in winning. (Arcana Caelestia 6344[4])

Ai’s men see their city on fire, for other Israelites entered Ai and set it ablaze. This represents the self-condemnation of evil, of hell, when it is exposed to what is true, heavenly and of God. But Joshua’s men, lying in ambush and waiting for the moment, represent our keen observation of how our selfish desires work to cause havoc in us. They are 5,000. Symbolically, in the Bible, five or its multiples always stand for a small amount - but enough to use.

Hanging the king of Ai stands for our need to put down the controlling power of any evil which stirs us. And all Ai is destroyed, because all evil must be turned against and refused.

Then, and only then, Joshua remakes the covenant with the Lord God; he builds an altar, he writes a copy on stones of the Law of Moses in the presence of all Israel, the priests stand in two groups in front of two mountains, then Joshua reads the words of blessing and cursing and all the Law of Moses.

After we resist any evil and its temptation, we must re-hear and re-affirm the truth that this was the Lord’s victory, not ours, and re-dedicate ourselves to the life the Lord gives us. (True Christian Religion 13[2])

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True Christian Religion # 13

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13. (vi) IF THERE HAD NOT BEEN ONE GOD, THE UNIVERSE COULD NOT HAVE BEEN CREATED AND KEPT IN EXISTENCE.

The reason the oneness of God can be deduced from the creation of the universe is that the universe is a single system coherently organised from beginning to end, and dependent upon God as the body is on the soul. The universe was so created that God could be omnipresent, and keep all its particulars under His guidance, and keep it perpetually together as a unit, and so preserve it. This too is why Jehovah God says that He is the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End, Alpha and Omega (Isaiah 44:6; Revelation 1:8, 17) and elsewhere that He does everything, spreads out the heavens, and stretches out the earth, of Himself (Isaiah 44:24). This mighty system which is called the universe is a single unit coherently organised from beginning to end, because God had one end in view in creating it, to create from the human race a heaven of angels. The means to this end are all the things of which the world is composed; for he who wills the end, wills also the means.

[2] The man therefore who contemplates the world as a piece of work containing the means to that end can contemplate the created universe as a single coherent unit, and he can see that the world is an assemblage of services structured for the benefit of the human race, to form a heaven of angels. The Divine Love cannot have any other end in view than from His Divine to make human beings eternally blessed; and His Divine Wisdom cannot produce anything but services designed to fulfil that end. By considering the world from this universal point of view every wise man can grasp that the Creator of the universe is one, and that His essence is Love and Wisdom. Consequently there is no detail in it which does not conceal services either nearly or distantly designed to benefit human beings. Their food is provided by the fruits of the earth and also by animals, their clothing from the same sources.

[3] One of the astonishing things is that those insignificant insects called silk-worms dress both women and men in silk and adorn them magnificently, from queens and kings down to maids and servants; and those insignificant insects, the bees, supply wax to illuminate splendidly churches and halls. Those who consider one by one facts about the world instead of the whole assemblage of ends, causal means and effects, and those who do not attribute creation to Divine Love acting by means of Divine Wisdom, cannot see that the universe is the handiwork of one God, and that He dwells in each service because He is in the end. For everyone who is involved in an end is also involved in the means, for the end which activates and controls the means is buried deep within all the means.

[4] Those who regard the universe not as the handiwork of God, nor as the dwelling-place of His Love and Wisdom, but as the handiwork of nature and the dwelling-place of the sun's heat and light, shut off the higher regions of their mind from God, and expose the lower regions to the devil. As a result they exchange their human nature for that of a wild beast, indeed they not only think themselves to be no better than animals, but actually become animals. They become foxes in cunning, wolves in ferocity, leopards in guile, tigers in savagery, crocodiles, snakes, screech owls and other night-birds, each with its own nature. People like this in the spiritual world actually look from a distance like those wild beasts, for this is how their love of evil shows itself.

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.