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Joshua 22

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1 Derpå lod Josua ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme kalde til sig

2 og sagde til dem: "I har holdt alt, hvad HE ENs Tjener Moses bød eder, og adlydt mig i alt, hvad jeg har påbudt eder.

3 I har ikke svigtet eders Brødre i denne lange Tid; indtil denne Dag har I holdt HE EN eders Guds Bud.

4 Men nu har HE EN eders Gud skaffet eders Brødre o, som han lovede dem; vend derfor nu tilbage til eders Telte i det Land, hvor eders Ejendom ligger, som HE ENs Tjener Moses gav eder hinsides Jordan.

5 Kun må I omhyggeligt agte på at holde det Bud og den Lov, HE ENs Tjener Moses pålagde eder, at elske HE EN eders Gud, vandre på alle hans Veje, holde hans Bud, holde fast ved ham og tjene ham af hele eders Hjerte og hele eders Sjæl!"

6 Og Josua velsignede dem og lod dem drage bort, og de begav sig til deres Telte.

7 Den ene Halvdel af Manasses Stamme havde Moses givet Land i Basan, den anden Halvdel derimod havde Josua givet Land sammen med deres Brødre i Landet vesten for Jordan. Og da Josua lod dem drage hver til sit efter at have velsignet dem,

8 vendte de tilbage til deres Telte med store igdomme, med Kvæg i Mængde, med Sølv og Guld, Kobber og Jern og Klæder i stor Mængde; og det Bytte, de havde taget fra deres Fjender, delte de med deres Brødre.

9 Så forlod ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme Israeliterne i Silo i Kana'ans Land og vendte tilbage til Gilead, det Land, de havde fået i Eje, hvor de havde nedsat sig i Følge HE ENs Bud ved Moses;'

10 og da ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme kom til Gelilot ved Jordan i Kana'ans Land, byggede de et Alter der ved Jordan, et stort Alter. der sås viden om.

11 Men det kom Israeliterne for Øre, at ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme havde bygget et Alter på Grænsen af Kana'ans Land, ved Gelilot ved Jordan, på Israeliternes Side.

12 Og da Israeliterne hørte det, samledes hele Israeliternes Menighed i Silo for at drage i Kamp imod dem.

13 Da sendte Israeliterne Pinehas, Præsten Eleazars Søn, til ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme i Gilead

14 tillige med ti Øverster, een Øverste for hver af alle Israels Stammer; hver af dem var Overhoved for sin Stamme iblandt Israels Tusinder;

15 og da de kom til ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme i Gilead, talte de således til dem:

16 "Således siger hele HE ENs Menighed: Hvad er det for en Troløshed, I har begået mod Israels Gud, at I i Dag har vendt eder fra HE EN ved at bygge eder et Alter og vise Genstridighed mod HE EN?

17 Har vi ikke nok i Brøden med Peor, som vi endnu den Dag i Dag ikke har fået os renset for, og for hvis Skyld der kom Plage over Israels Menighed?

18 Og dog vender I eder i Dag fra HE EN! Når I i Dag er genstridige mod HE EN, vil hans Vrede i Morgen bryde løs over hele Israels Menighed.

19 Hvis det Land, I har fået i Eje, er urent, så gå over til det Land, der er HE ENs Ejendom, der, hvor HE ENs Bolig står, og nedsæt eder iblandt os; men vær ikke genstridige mod HE EN, ej heller mod os ved at bygge eder et Alter til foruden HE EN vor Guds Alter!

20 Dengang Akan, Zeras Søn, øvede Svig med det bandlyste, kom der da ikke Vrede over hele Israels Menighed, skønt han kun var en enkelt Mand? Måtte han ikke dø for sin Brøde?"

21 Da svarede ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme overhovederne for Israels Tusinder således:

22 "Gud, Gud HE EN, Gud, Gud HE EN ved det, og Israel skal vide det: Hvis det er i Genstridighed eller Troløshed mod HE EN, i den Hensigt at vende os fra HE EN,

23 at vi har bygget os et Alter, gid han så må unddrage os sin Hjælp i Dag! Hvis det er for at bringe Brændofre og Afgrødeofre derpå eller for at bringe Takofre derpå, så straffe HE EN det!

24 Nej, vi har gjort det af Frygt for det Tilfælde, at eders Børn engang i Fremtiden skulde sige til vore: Hvad har I med HE EN, Israels Gud, at gøre?

25 HE EN har jo sat Jordan som Grænse imellem os, og eder, ubeniter og Gaditer; I har ingen Del i HE EN! Og således kunde eders Børn få vore til at høre op med at frygte HE EN.

26 Derfor tænkte vi: Lad os bygge dette Alter, ikke til Brændoffer eller Slagtoffer,

27 men for at det kan være Vidne mellem os og eder og mellem vore Efterkommere efter os om, at vi vil forrette HE ENs Tjeneste' for hans Åsyn med vore Brændofre, Slagtofre og Takofre, for at eders Børn ikke engang i Fremtiden skal sige til vore: I har ingen Del i HE EN!

28 Og vi tænkte: Hvis de i Fremtiden siger således til os og vore Efterkommere, så siger vi: Læg dog Mærke til, hvorledes det HE ENs Alter er bygget, som vore Forfædre rejste, ikke til Brændofre eller Slagtofre, men for at det kunne være Vidne mellem os og eder.

29 Det være langt fra os at være genstridige mod HE EN eller vende os fra HE EN i Dag ved at bygge et Alter til Brændoffer, Afgrødeoffer og Slagtoffer foruden HE EN vor Guds Alter, som står foran hans Bolig!"

30 Da Præsten Pinehas og Menighedens Øverster og Overhovederne for Israels Tusinder, som ledsagede ham, hørte de Ord, som ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manassiterne talte, var de tilfredse,

31 og Pinehas, Præsten Eleazars Søn, sagde til ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manassiterne: "I Dag erkender vi, at HE EN er iblandt os, siden I ikke har øvet denne Svig imod HE EN; derved har I frelst Israeliterne fra HE ENs Hånd!"

32 Derpå vendte Pinehas, Præsten Eleazars Søn, og Øversteme tilbage fra ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme i Gilead til Israeliterne i Kana'ans Land og aflagde dem Beretning,

33 og Israeliterne var tilfredse ved Meddelelsen, og Israeliterne priste Gud og tænkte ikke mere på at drage i Kamp mod dem for at ødelægge det Land, ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme boede i.

34 Og ubeniterne, Gaditerne og Manasses halve Stamme kaldte Alteret: Vidne; "thi," sagde de, "det skal være Vidne mellem os om, at HE EN er Gud!"

   


The Project Gutenberg Association at Carnegie Mellon University

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Exploring the Meaning of Joshua 22

Napsal(a) New Christian Bible Study Staff, Julian Duckworth

Joshua 22: The tribes of Reuben, Gad and half Manasseh return.

With the land of Canaan now settled by Israel, the time had come for the men of Reuben, Gad, and one half of Manasseh to return to the other side of the Jordan, where their wives, children, cattle and sheep were left. The men of these two and a half tribes had been ordered to fight alongside the other tribes of Israel, and only then to return home.

They left, and when they came to the banks of the River Jordan, they built a large altar to the Lord. When the rest of Israel caught word of this, they wanted to go to war with these tribes, because they felt the altar was a sacrilege - Israel had the tabernacle for its worship of the Lord. They sent Phineas the priest to ask why they had built the altar. These tribes across the Jordan replied that in the future, the people of Israel may move against them, and reject them. They said the altar would serve as a witness to their worship of the Lord, just as the Israelites in Canaan worshiped. This answer pleased the priest, and when he told the leaders of Israel, it pleased them too.

The spiritual meaning of this episode is a very important one for us. The tribes living on the other side of the River Jordan stand for the worldly activities of our outward life, which in themselves are a very important part of our spiritual life. These actions make up the external part of spiritual life, in which we are able to do good (see Swedenborg’s work, Arcana Caelestia 9824[2]).

The tribes building an altar to God portrays our understanding that all the good we do, and all the use we provide, is possible because of the Lord. He is the giver of all good, which is why we must serve the Lord. Without use, spiritual thoughts and beliefs do not have a foundation (Arcana Caelestia 9473[3]).

Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh said that the people of Israel might cut them off in the future. In spiritual terms, this would be to separate spiritual life and external life in daily living. This would result in such things as hypocrisy, and faith without charity, both of which are a threat to our spiritual well-being (see Swedenborg’s work, Doctrine of Life 4).

The altar, which was built on Canaan’s side of the Jordan before these tribes crossed over, was to stand as a witness to the union between the tribes within Canaan and the tribes across the Jordan, as one nation before the Lord (Arcana Caelestia 9714).

This unity means that we must be equally present in three areas of life: in the depths of our heart, in our worship and adoration of the Lord; in our mind, in our understanding and delight in the Lord’s Word with all its truth; and in our outward actions, where our acknowledgement of the Lord as our God leads us to be sincere, just, moral, fair, compassionate and dedicated to the service of God.

The answer from the three tribes pleased the priest and, in turn, the leaders of Israel. This reception represents our affirmation that ‘being spiritual’ does not take the place of helping others, but really demands that we serve the Lord in our daily actions (see Swedenborg’s work, Apocalypse Explained 325[4]).

Ze Swedenborgových děl

 

Arcana Coelestia # 9714

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9714. 'And you shall make the altar' means that which was representative of the Lord and of the worship of Him. This is clear from the meaning of 'the altar' - the one to be used for burnt offerings and sacrifices - as that which was representative of the Lord; and since the burnt offerings and sacrifices were the signs of all that constituted worship of the Lord, the altar was also representative of the worship of Him. Not that the Lord is worshipped with burnt offerings and sacrifices but with what they represented, namely the celestial things of love and the spiritual things of faith, 922, 923, 1823, 2180, 2805, 2807, 2830, 3519, 6905, 8680, 8936.

[2] There were two objects which served to represent the Lord's Divine Human - the temple and the altar. That the temple did so He Himself teaches in John,

Jesus said, Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up again. He was speaking of the temple of His body. John 2:19-21.

That the altar did so is likewise made clear by the Lord's own words, where He speaks in Matthew about the temple and at the same time the altar,

Fools and blind! For you say, Whoever swears by the temple, it is nothing; but whoever swears by the gold of the temple, he is guilty. Which of the two is greater, the gold or the temple that makes the gold holy? In the same way, Whoever swears by the altar, it is nothing; but whoever swears by the gift that is on it, he is guilty. Fools and blind! Which of the two is greater, the gift or the altar that makes the gift holy? He who swears by the altar swears by it and by everything that is on it. And he who swears by the temple swears by it and by Him who dwells in it. And he who swears by heaven swears by God's throne and by Him who sits on it. Matthew 23:16-22.

From this it is evident that just as the temple was representative of the Lord's Divine Human, so too was the altar; for something similar is stated regarding the altar as is stated regarding the temple, namely that the altar is what makes the gift on it holy. This shows that the altar was a channel through which other things were rendered holy, and for this reason was also representative of the Lord's Divine Human, the Source of all holiness. But the altar was representative of the Lord in respect of His Divine Good, whereas the temple was representative of Him in respect of His Divine Truth, thus in respect of heaven since Divine Truth emanating from the Lord makes heaven. This explains why the Lord says in regard to the temple that he who swears by the temple swears by it and by Him who dwells in it, and goes on to say that he who swears by heaven swears by God's throne and by Him who sits on it. 'God's throne' is Divine Truth emanating from the Lord, and so is heaven, while 'He who sits on it' is the Lord, 5313. Much the same as was represented by the temple was represented also by the dwelling-place; the Lord in respect of Divine Truth there is the Testimony which was within the ark, 9503.

[3] Since the altar represented the Lord in respect of Divine Good it was the real holy of holies, making everything that touched it holy, as is made clear later on in this Book of Exodus, where it says,

Seven days you shall make expiation on the altar and sanctify it, that the altar may be most holy, 1 and all that touches it may be made holy. Exodus 29:37.

This was the reason why fire burned unceasingly on the altar and was never put out, Leviticus 6:12-13; and from this fire and no other source the incense-fire was taken, Leviticus 10:1-6. For the fire on the altar was a sign of the Divine Good of the Lord's Divine Love, 5215, 6314, 6832, 6834, 6849.

[4] As regards the altar and its being representative of the Lord, this is evident from the following words in David,

Let Your light and truth lead me to Your holy mountain and to Your dwellings, that I may go in to the altar of God, to God ... Psalms 43:3-4.

And in the same author,

I wash my hands in innocence, and I go around Your altar, O Jehovah. Psalms 26:6-7.

[5] But as regards the altar and its being representative of worship of the Lord, this may be seen in Isaiah,

All the cattle of Arabia will be gathered to You, the rams of Nebaioth will minister to You; they will come up with acceptance on My altar. Isaiah 60:7.

In Jeremiah,

The Lord has abandoned His altar, He has abominated His sanctuary. Lamentations 2:7.

'Abandoning the altar' stands for doing away with what was representative of worshipping the Lord from the good of love, 'abominating the sanctuary' stands for doing away with what was representative of worshipping the Lord from the truths of faith.

[6] In Ezekiel,

Your altars will be destroyed, I will scatter your bones around your altars. Your altars will be laid waste and made desolate, and your idols will be broken and cease to be. Ezekiel 6:4-6.

'Altars being destroyed, laid waste, and made desolate' stands for the ruination of that which belongs to representative worship. In Isaiah,

The iniquity of Jacob will be expiated, when He makes all the stones of the altar like chalk-stones scattered about. Isaiah 27:9.

'The stones of the altar scattered about' stands for all the truths of worship.

[7] In the same prophet,

On that day a person will regard his Maker, and his eyes [will regard] the Holy One of Israel. But he will not regard the altars, the work of his hands, and what his fingers have made. Isaiah 17:7-8.

'Altars, the work of hands, and what fingers have made' stands for worship that is the product of self-intelligence.

[8] In Hosea,

Ephraim has multiplied altars for sinning. Hosea 8:11.

'Multiplying altars for sinning' stands for devising meaningless forms of worship. In the same prophet,

Thistle and thorn will grow up on their altars. Hosea 10:8.

This describes how evils and falsities will come in and compose worship.

[9] In Isaiah,

On that day there will be an altar to Jehovah in the midst of Egypt. Isaiah 19:19.

'An altar to Jehovah' stands for worship of the Lord.

[10] Because the altar that is the subject here was portable it was made from shittim wood and overlaid with bronze. But an altar that was to remain permanently in the same place was built either from soil or from unhewn stones. An altar of soil was the chief representative sign of worship of the Lord that springs from the good of love, whereas an altar of unhewn stones was the representative sign of worship springing from forms of the good and of the truth of faith, 8935, 8940. The portable altar however that is the subject here was representative of worship of the Lord that springs from the good of love; and this was why it was made from shittim wood and overlaid with bronze.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, holy of holies

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.