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出埃及记 22

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1 牛或,无论是宰了,是了,他就要以五牛赔一牛,赔一

2 人若遇见挖窟窿,把打了,以至於,就不能为他有流血的罪。

3 太阳已经出来,就为他有流血的罪。贼若被拿,总要赔还。若他一无所有,就要被,顶他所偷的物。

4 若他所偷的,或牛,或,或羊,仍在他下存活,他就要加倍赔还。

5 若在田间或在葡萄园里放牲畜,任凭牲畜上别的田里去吃,就必拿自己田间上好的和葡萄园上好的赔还。

6 若点焚烧荆棘,以致将别人堆积的禾捆,站着的禾稼,或是田园,都烧尽了,那点的必要赔还。

7 若将或家具交付邻舍看守,这物从那的家被去,若把到了,要加倍赔还;

8 不到,那家主必就近审判官,要看看他拿了原主的物件没有。

9 两个人的案件,无论是为甚麽过犯,或是为牛,为,为羊,为衣裳,或是为甚麽失掉之物,有一人:这是我的,两造就要将案件禀告审判官,审判官定谁有罪,谁就要加倍赔还。

10 若将,或牛,或羊,或别的牲畜,交付邻舍守,牲畜,或受伤,或被赶去,无见,

11 那看守的人要凭着耶和华起誓,里未曾拿邻舍的物,本就要罢休,看守的人不必赔还。

12 牲畜若从看守的那里被去,他就要赔还本主;

13 若被野兽撕碎,看守的要带来当作证据,所撕的不必赔还。

14 若向邻舍甚麽,所的或受伤,或,本主没有同在一处,总要赔还;

15 若本主同在一处,他就不必赔还;若是雇的,也不必赔还,本是为雇价的。

16 若引诱没有受聘的处女,与他行淫,他总要交出聘礼,娶他为妻。

17 若女子的父亲决不肯将女子他,他就要按处女的聘礼,交出来。

18 行邪术的女人,不可容他存活。

19 凡与淫合的,总要把他治

20 祭祀别,不单单祭祀耶和华的,那人必要灭绝。

21 不可亏负寄居的,也不可欺压他,因为你们在埃及也作过寄居的。

22 不可苦待寡妇和孤儿

23 若是苦待他们一点,他们向我一哀求,我总要他们的哀声,

24 并要发烈怒,用刀杀你们,使你们的妻子为寡妇,儿女为孤儿

25 我民中有贫穷人与你同住,你若给他,不可如放债的向他取利。

26 你即或拿邻舍的衣服作当头,必在日落以先归还他;

27 因他只有这一件当盖头,是他盖身的衣服,若是没有,他拿甚麽睡觉呢?他哀求我,我就应允,因为我是有恩惠的。

28 不可毁谤;也不可毁谤你百姓的官长。

29 你要从你庄稼中的谷和酒瓶中滴出来的酒拿来献上,不可迟延。你要将头生的儿子归我。

30 你牛头生的,也要这样;当跟着母,第八要归我。

31 你要在我面前为圣洁的人。因此,田间被野兽撕裂牲畜的,你们不可,要丢给

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 9174

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9174. 'And when a man borrows something from his companion' means truth from a different stock. This is clear from the meaning of 'borrowing' as receiving truth from a source other than self, thus from a different stock. The reason why 'borrowing' or 'asking of another' has this meaning is that in the spiritual world the only forms of good asked of others or imparted by others are ones that belong to intelligence and wisdom. Many other forms, it is true, are presented to view, indeed countless others; but these are appearances arising from those that belong to intelligence and wisdom. From this it is evident that 'borrowing' means being taught by another and so receiving truths or knowledge of truth and good from a source other than self. But this matter needs further explanation. A person is said to receive truths from self when he deduces them from the truths already present with him, at which time he combines these already present with those he deduces. But when he does this he entertains no other truths than those which are subject to and accord with the same good; for good is what arranges truths into order and links them together. Good is like the soul in a person, and truths are like those things with which the soul clothes itself and through which it acts. Just as every single thing in a person derives its life from his soul, as is well known, so the truths of faith receive theirs from the good of love to the Lord and love towards the neighbour. If that good does not compose a person's soul but the good of self-love or of love of the world, the person is not a human being but a wild animal. Furthermore in the next life he looks in the light of heaven like a wild animal, though in his own light, which becomes thick darkness when the light of heaven enters in, he looks like a human being. It should be borne in mind however that it is the Lord who arranges truths to accord with the good of a person's life.

[2] But a person is said to receive truths from another source when he is taught by another. If they are not subject to and do not accord with the good that governs him they are, it is true, stored in his memory among factual knowledge, yet they do not become his, that is, part of his belief, because they spring from a different stock. These truths are the subject in the present verse and the one that follows it.

[3] When 'borrowing' and 'lending' are mentioned in the Word, receiving instruction and giving it in a spirit of charity and affection are meant, as in Matthew,

Give to everyone asking from you, and from him desiring to receive a loan from you, do not turn away. Matthew 5:42.

Here it is evident that 'asking' was not used to mean asking, for the words are 'give to everyone asking'; neither were 'desiring a loan' and 'receiving it' so used. For if a person gave to everyone who asked, and also to everyone desiring to receive a loan, he would be deprived of all his goods. But since the Lord spoke from the Divine, 'asking' and 'desiring a loan', and 'giving' and 'receiving a loan', were used to mean the communicating of heavenly goods, that is, of cognitions or knowledge of good and truth. The nature of this communication is such that the more an angel stirred by charity and affection imparts them to another, the more the general good flows into him from heaven, that is, from the Lord, 6478. Thus an angel who gives to him who asks is not deprived of goods but enriched with them. The like applies when a person stirred by charity and affection does good to another. But real charity consists in giving to good people, and mistaken charity consists in giving to bad people the things they ask for and desire, 8120, as accords with these words in David,

The wicked borrows and does not repay, whereas the righteous shows mercy and gives. Psalms 37:21.

In Luke,

If you lend to those from whom you hope to receive, what thanks do you have? Rather, love your enemies, and do good, and lend, hoping for nothing from it; then your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Highest. Luke 6:34-35.

[4] Here also 'lending' is used to mean being stirred by charity and affection to do good, thus to communicate the good things of heaven, and also to impart the good things of the world, yet to impart them with the good things of heaven in view. Charity and affection are present when good things are communicated without thought of reward, but charity and affection are absent when they are communicated with reward as the end in view, see 2373, 2400, 3816, 3956, 4943, 6388-6390, 6392, 6393, 6478, 8002. 'Loving enemies' and 'doing good' to bad people are aspects of charity and affection; but enemies are loved and good is done to them when they are given instruction and also when by suitable means they are corrected by them, 8121.

[5] The exercise of charity is also meant by 'lending' in Moses,

If you obey the voice of Jehovah and take care to do His commandments, you shall lend to many peoples, but you shall not borrow. Deuteronomy 28:1, 12.

'Lending to many peoples' means abounding in forms of good that belong to intelligence and wisdom and communicating them from that abundance, while 'not borrowing' means having no need of them from others, since all things are imparted to a person by the Lord. In David,

A good man who has mercy and lends will maintain his cause 1 in judgement; for he will never be moved. Psalms 112:5-6.

'Having mercy and lending' is used to describe the state of those governed by real charity. A similar description occurs in Psalms 37:21, in addition to other places.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, words

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.