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耶利米书 51

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1 耶和华如此:我必使毁灭的刮起,攻击巴比伦和在立加米的人。

2 我要打发外邦人来到巴比伦,簸扬他,使他的空虚。在他遭祸的日子,他们要周围攻击他。

3 的,要向拉的和贯甲挺身的射箭。不要怜惜他的少年人;要灭尽他的全军。

4 他们必在迦勒底人被杀仆倒,在巴比伦的街上被刺透。

5 以色列犹大虽然境内充满违背以色列圣者的罪,却没有被他的─万军之耶和华丢弃。

6 你们要从巴比伦中逃奔,各自己的性命!不要陷在他的罪孽中一同灭亡;因为这是耶和华报仇的时候,他必向巴比伦施行报应。

7 巴比伦素来是耶和华中的杯,使天下沉;万国了他的酒就颠狂了。

8 巴比伦忽然倾覆毁坏;要为他哀号;为止他的疼痛,拿乳香或者可以治好。

9 我们想医治巴比伦,他却没有治好。离开他罢!我们归回本国;因为他受的审判通於上,达到穹苍。

10 耶和华已经彰显我们的公罢!我们可以在锡安报告耶和华我们的作为。

11 你们要磨尖了箭头,抓住盾牌。耶和华定意攻击巴比伦,将他毁灭,所以激动了玛代君的心;因这是耶和华报仇,就是为自己的殿报仇。

12 你们要竖立大旗,攻击巴比伦的城墙,要坚固瞭望台,派定守望的设下埋伏,

13 住在众水之上多有财宝的啊,你的结局到了!你贪婪之量满了!

14 万军之耶和华指着自己起誓说:我必使敌人充满你,像蚂蚱一样;他们必呐喊攻击你。

15 耶和华用能力创造大,用智慧建立世界,用聪明铺张穹苍。

16 他一发声,空中便有多水激动;他使云雾从极上腾。他造电随而闪,从他府中带出来。

17 各人都成了畜类,毫无知识。各银匠都因他的偶像羞愧;他所铸的偶像本是虚假的,其中并无气息,

18 都是虚无的,是迷惑人的工作,到追讨的时候,必被除灭。

19 雅各的分不像这些,因他是造作万有的;以色列也是他产业的支派。万军之耶和华是他的名。

20 你是我争战的斧子和打仗的兵器;我要用你打碎列国,用你毁灭列邦;

21 用你打碎和骑的;用你打碎战车和坐在其上的;

22 用你打碎男人女人;用你打碎老年和少年;用你打碎壮丁和处女;

23 用你打碎牧人和他的群畜;用你打碎农夫和他一对牛;用你打碎省长和副省长。

24 耶和华:我必在你们眼前报复巴比伦人和迦勒底居民在锡安所行的诸恶。

25 耶和华:你这行毁灭的哪,就是毁灭天下的,我与你反对。我必向你伸,将你从岩滚下去,使你成为烧毁的

26 人必不从你那里取石头为房角,也不取石头根基;你必永远荒凉。这是耶和华的。

27 要在境内竖立大旗,在各国中吹角,使列国预备攻击巴比伦,将亚拉腊、米尼、亚实基拿各国招来攻击他;又派军长来攻击他,使马匹上来如蚂蚱,

28 使列国和玛代君,与省长和副省长,并他们所管全之人,都预备攻击他。

29 必震动而瘠苦;因耶和华向巴比伦所定的旨意成立了,使巴比伦之荒凉,无人居住

30 巴比伦的勇士止息争战,藏在坚垒之中。他们的勇力衰尽,好像妇女一样。巴比伦的处有火着起,门闩都折断了。

31 通报的要彼此相遇,送信的要互相迎接,报告巴比伦王说:城的四方被攻取了,

32 渡口被占据了,苇塘被烧了,兵丁也惊慌了。

33 万军之耶和华以色列的如此:巴比伦城(原文作女子)好像踹谷的禾场;再过片时,收割他的时候就到了。

34 以色列人说:巴比伦王尼布甲尼撒灭我,压碎我,使我成为空虚的器皿。他像大鱼将我吞下,用我的美物充满他的肚腹,又将我赶出去。

35 锡安的居民:巴比伦以强暴待我,损害我的身体,愿这罪归给他。耶路撒冷人要:愿流我们血的罪归到迦勒底居民

36 所以,耶和华如此:我必为你伸冤,为你报仇;我必使巴比伦的枯竭,使他的泉源乾涸。

37 巴比伦必成为乱,为野狗的处,令人惊骇、嗤笑,并且无人居住

38 他们要像少壮狮子咆哮,像小狮子吼叫。

39 他们火热的时候,我必为他们设摆酒席,使他们沉醉,好叫他们快乐,睡了长觉,永不醒起。这是耶和华的。

40 我必使他们像羊羔、像公绵羊和公山羊到宰杀之地。

41 示沙克(就是巴比伦)何竟被攻取,天下所称赞的何竟被占据?巴比伦在列国中何竟变为荒场?

42 水涨起,漫过巴比伦;他被许多浪遮盖。

43 他的城邑变为荒场、旱、沙漠,无居住,无经过之

44 我必刑罚巴比伦的彼勒,使他吐出所吞的。万民必不再流归他那里;巴比伦的城墙也必坍塌了。

45 我的民哪,你们要从其中出去!各自己,躲避耶和华的烈怒。

46 你们不要心惊胆怯,也不要因境内所见的风声惧;因为这年有风声传;那年也有风声传,境内有强暴的事,官长攻击官长。

47 日子将到,我必刑罚巴比伦雕刻的偶像。他全必然抱愧;他被杀的人必在其中仆倒。

48 那时,和其中所有的,必因巴比伦欢呼,因为行毁灭的要从北方到他那里。这是耶和华的。

49 巴比伦怎样使以色列被杀的人仆倒,照样他全被杀的人也必在巴比伦仆倒。

50 你们躲避刀的要快走,不要站住!要在远方记念耶和华,心中追想耶路撒冷

51 我们见辱骂就蒙羞,满面惭愧,因为外邦人进入耶和华殿的圣所。

52 耶和华:日子将到,我必刑罚巴比伦雕刻的偶像,通国受伤的人必唉哼。

53 巴比伦虽升到上,虽使他坚固的处更坚固,还有行毁灭的从我这里到他那里。这是耶和华的。

54 有哀号的声音从巴比伦出来;有毁灭的响声从迦勒底人发出。

55 耶和华使巴比伦变为荒场,使其中的声灭绝。仇敌彷佛众水波浪匉訇,响声已经发出。

56 这是行毁灭的临到巴比伦。巴比伦的勇士被捉住,他们的折断了;因为耶和华是施行报应的神,必定施行报应。

57 君王─名为万军之耶和华的:我必使巴比伦的首领、智慧人、省长、副省长,和勇士都沉醉,使他们睡了长觉,永不醒起。

58 万军之耶和华如此:巴比伦宽阔的城墙必全然倾倒;他大的城必被焚烧。众民所劳碌的必致虚空;列国所劳碌的被焚烧,他们都必困乏。

59 犹大王西底家在位第四年,上巴比伦去的时候,玛西雅的孙子、尼利亚的儿子西莱雅与王同去(西莱雅是王宫的大臣),先知耶利米吩咐他。

60 耶利米切要临到巴比伦的灾祸,就是论到巴比伦的上。

61 耶利米对西莱雅:你到了巴比伦务要念这书上的

62 耶和华啊,你曾论到这地方:要剪除,甚至连人带牲畜没有在这里居住的,必永远荒凉。

63 你念完了这,就把一块石头拴在上,扔在伯拉中,

64 :巴比伦因耶和华所要降与他的灾祸,必如此沉下去,不再兴起,人民也必困乏。耶利米到此为止。

   

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Arcana Coelestia # 2842

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2842. 'And he said, By Myself I have sworn, says Jehovah' means unchangeable confirmation from the Divine, that is to say, regarding the things that follow. This becomes clear from the meaning of 'saying, by Myself I have sworn' and of 'says Jehovah', all of which imply confirmation, and indeed from the Divine, that is, from Himself. The Divine is unable to confirm from any other source than Himself, and that which He confirms is unchangeable because it is eternal truth. Whatever Jehovah or the Lord utters is eternal truth, Matthew 24:35, since it comes from the very Being (Esse) itself of truth. But He confirms a thing seemingly with an oath, as He does here and elsewhere in the Word, not because that thing is then more true, but because He addresses Himself to persons who do not accept Divine truth unless it is confirmed in that way. For such persons do not have any other idea of Jehovah or the Lord than of a human being who is able to declare a thing and to change his mind, as one reads of many times in the Word; but in the internal sense the situation is altogether different. Anyone may recognize that Jehovah or the Lord never confirms anything with an oath, but when Divine Truth itself, and the confirmation of it, passes down to that kind of person it is converted into the semblance of an oath. It is as it was with the devouring fire and the smoke that appeared over Mount Sinai before the eyes of the people when Jehovah or the Lord came down, Exodus 19:18; Deuteronomy 4:11-12; 5:22-24. In this case His glory in heaven, indeed His mercy, were seen by the people there, who were under the influence of evil and falsity, as fire and smoke, see 1861. Much the same applies to many things called the utterances or actions of Jehovah that are mentioned in the Word. From this it may become clear that 'by Myself I have sworn, says Jehovah' are words meaning unchangeable confirmation from the Divine.

[2] From many other places in the Word it becomes clear that when reference is made to Jehovah 'swearing' it means confirmation with someone who is like those that have just been referred to, as in David,

Jehovah is mindful of His covenant for ever, of the word He has commanded to a thousand generations, which He made with Abraham, and of His oath to Isaac. Psalms 105:8-9.

It is similar with 'a covenant' as it is with 'an oath', for Jehovah or the Lord does not make a covenant with man. But when the subject is conjunction through love and charity, this is also presented in actual events as a covenant, see 1864. In the same author,

Jehovah has sworn and not repented, You are a Priest for ever after the manner of Melchizedek. Psalms 110:4.

This refers to the Lord. 'Jehovah has sworn' stands for unchangeable confirmation from the Divine, that is, that it is eternal truth.

[3] In the same author,

I have made a covenant with My chosen one, I have sworn to David My servant, I will continue your seed even for ever, and build your throne from generation to generation. Psalms 89:3-4.

This too refers to the Lord. 'Making a covenant with the chosen one, and swearing to David' stands for unchangeable confirmation or eternal truth. 'David' stands for the Lord, 1888; 'making a covenant' has regard to Divine Good, 'swearing' to Divine Truth. In the same psalm,

I will not profane My covenant, and the utterance of My lips I will not alter. Once and for all I have sworn by My holiness, I will not lie to David. Psalms 89:34-35.

Here also 'David' stands for the Lord. 'Covenant' here again has regard to Divine Good, 'utterance of the lips' to Divine Truth. They do so on account of the marriage of good and truth, which marriage exists in every individual part of the Word, dealt with in 683, 793, 801, 2516, 2712.

[4] In the same author,

Jehovah has sworn the truth to David, from which He will not turn back, Of the fruit of your body 1 I will set on your throne, provided your sons keep My covenant and My testimony which I teach them. Psalms 132:11-12.

'Jehovah has sworn the truth to David' plainly stands for the confirmation of eternal truth. Hence the statement 'from which He will not turn back'. As has been stated, 'David' is used to mean the Lord. This oath was sworn even to David because he was the kind of person who believed that the confirmation applied to himself and his descendants. For David was moved by self-love and love of his descendants, and this explains why he believed that what was declared - that is, as in the quotation above, that his seed would continue for ever and his throne from generation to generation - had reference to himself, when in fact what was said had reference to the Lord.

[5] In Isaiah,

This is as the waters of Noah to Me; as I swore that the waters of Noah should go no more over the earth, so I have sworn not to be angry with you. Isaiah 54:9.

Here 'swearing' stands for making a covenant and confirming it with an oath. As regards its being a covenant and not an oath, see Genesis 9:11. In the same prophet,

Jehovah has sworn, saying, Surely as I have thought, so will it be. Isaiah 14:24.

In the same prophet,

Jehovah has sworn by His right hand, and by His mighty arm. Isaiah 62:8.

In Jeremiah,

Hear the Word of Jehovah, all you of Judah dwelling in the land of Egypt, Behold, I have sworn by My great name, said Jehovah, that My name will no more be invoked by the mouth of every man (vir) of Judah who says, As lives the Lord Jehovih in all the land of Egypt. Jeremiah 44:26.

In the same prophet,

I have sworn by Myself, says Jehovah, that Bozrah will become a desolation. Jeremiah 49:13.

In the same prophet,

Jehovah Zebaoth has sworn by His own soul, Surely I will fill you with men (homo) as with the bruchus. 2 Jeremiah 51:14.

In Amos,

The Lord Jehovih has sworn by His holiness, that, behold, the days are coming. Amos 4:2.

In the same prophet,

Jehovah has sworn by the excellence of Jacob, Surely I will never forget any of their deeds. Amos 8:7.

[6] In all these places Jehovah's having sworn by His right hand, by His great name, by Himself, by His own soul, by His holiness, and by the excellence of Jacob, means the confirmation that there is in Jehovah or the Lord. No confirmation by Jehovah is possible except from Himself. Jehovah's right hand, Jehovah's great name, Jehovah's soul, Jehovah's holiness, and the excellence of Jacob mean the Lord's Divine Human; through the latter confirmation came.

[7] Jehovah's or the Lord's swearing to give the land to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and to their descendants, in the internal sense means confirmation that He would grant the heavenly kingdom to those in whom love and faith in Him are present. These are the ones who are meant in the internal sense of the Word by the sons and descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, that is, of the patriarchs. The same was also represented in the actual historical granting of the land of Canaan to their descendants; and the Church as it existed at that time among them represented the Lord's heavenly kingdom, as also did the land itself. For 'the land' and 'the land of Canaan' in the internal sense is the Lord's kingdom, see 1413, 1437, 1607. This explains why it is said in Moses,

That you may prolong your days on the land which Jehovah swore to your fathers to give to them, and to their seed, a land flowing with milk and honey; so that your days may be multiplied, and the days of your sons, on the land which Jehovah swore to your fathers to give them, as long as the days of the heavens above the earth. Deuteronomy 11:9, 21.

From all these places it may now become clear that Jehovah's 'swearing' was representative of confirmation, and indeed of unchangeable confirmation, as is plainer still in Isaiah,

By Myself I have sworn; out of My mouth has gone forth the word of righteousness, which will not return, that to Me every knee will bow, every tongue will swear. Isaiah 45:23.

[8] In addition to this, those who belonged to the Jewish representative Church were commanded when confirming covenants with an oath, likewise when confirming vows, as well as promises, and also guarantees, to swear by the name of Jehovah. The reason they were commanded - or to be exact, merely permitted - to do so was that the confirmation of the internal man would in that way also be represented. Thus it was that in those times oaths sworn by the name of Jehovah were like everything else, that is to say, they were representatives. The fact that such was commanded, that is, permitted, is clear in Moses, You shall fear Jehovah your God, and serve Him, and swear by His name; you shall not go after other gods. Deuteronomy 6:13-14.

Elsewhere in the same author,

You shall fear Jehovah your God; you shall serve Him and cling to Him, and you shall swear by His name. Deuteronomy 10:20.

In Isaiah,

He who blesses himself in the land will bless himself by the God of truth, and he who swears in the land will swear by the God of truth. Isaiah 65:16.

In Jeremiah,

If you will return, O Israel, says Jehovah, to Me may you return. And if you are removing your abominations from My sight do not waver. And swear, As Jehovah lives, in truth, in judgement, and in righteousness. Jeremiah 4:1-2.

In the same prophet,

If they will diligently learn the ways of My people, to swear by My name, they will be built up in the midst of My people. Jeremiah 12:16.

The fact that they also swore by the name of Jehovah, that is, swore to Jehovah, [is evident] in Isaiah,

Hear this, O house of Jacob, who are called by the name of Israel and who came out of the waters of Judah, who swore by the name of Jehovah and made mention of the God of Israel, but not in truth and not in righteousness. Isaiah 48:1.

In the same prophet,

On that day there will be five cities in the land of Egypt which speak with the lip of Canaan and swear to Jehovah Zebaoth. Isaiah 19:18.

In Joshua it is said that the leaders of the congregation swore to the Gibeonites by Jehovah God of Israel, Joshua 9:18-19.

[9] From this it is clear that they were permitted to swear by the name of Jehovah or by Jehovah. But it is also clear that such swearing was nothing else than a representative of confirmation of the internal man. It is well known that internal people, that is, those who possess conscience, have no need to confirm anything by means of an oath; and that they do not so confirm. By them oaths are regarded with disapproval. They are indeed able to assert quite categorically that something is so, and also to confirm the truth with the aid of reasons; but to swear that a thing is so they cannot. They are governed by an internal bond - that of conscience. The addition to this of an external bond, which is an oath, is a kind of insinuation that they are not upright in heart. What is more, the internal man is such that he loves to speak and act in freedom and not under compulsion, for with such persons the internal controls the external, and not the reverse. People who possess conscience therefore do not swear oaths, still less do those do so who possess the perception of good and truth, that is, who are celestial people. The latter do not even, by means of reasons, confirm anything for themselves or for others, but they merely say that something is so, or else is not so, 202, 337, 2718. Consequently they are further removed still from any swearing with an oath.

[10] For these reasons, and because oaths belonged among representatives which were to be brought to an end, the Lord teaches in the following words in Matthew that one should not swear at all,

You have heard that it was said, You shall not swear falsely, but shall perform to the Lord your oaths. But I say to you, You shall not swear at all, neither by heaven, for it is God's throne, nor by the earth, for it is His footstool, nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King. Nor shall you swear by your head, for you cannot make one hair white or black. But let your words be, Yes, yes; No, no; anything beyond this is from evil. 3 Matthew 5:33-37.

These words are used to mean that one should not swear at all by Jehovah or by anything whatever that is Jehovah's or the Lord's.

Poznámky pod čarou:

1. literally, belly

2. A wingless locust or the larva of a locust

3. or from the evil one

  
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Thanks to the Swedenborg Society for the permission to use this translation.